I ka manawa 42nd o ka World Heritage Committee i mālama ʻia ma Manama, Bahrain, i kēia makahiki mai Iune 24 a Iulai 4, 2018, ua hoʻohui ʻia ka pae archeological i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hale ma 936 ma Medina Azahara, Cordoba, i ka papa inoa o ka moʻomeheu. nā kahua e UNESCO World Heritage e hoʻomaka ana i Iulai 1, 2018.
Akā he aha ke ʻano o kēia hale?
ʻO Medina Azahara ke kahua archaeological nui loa ma Sepania me 112 mau ʻeka o ka pā. ʻOiai he 10 pakeneka wale nō o ke kahua kahiko i ʻeli ʻia a hiki i kēia manawa, aia kahi kilokilo palpable i loko o ia wahi.
Kiʻi © E. Lang
Ua kākau nā puke mōʻaukala ʻo Medina Azahara (Madinat al-Zahra) ka laʻana nani loa o ka nani o Al-Andalus – he kūlanakauhale ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kona nani me nā mea ʻē aʻe o ka honua. Wahi a ka moʻolelo, ua puka mai ia mai kahi moʻolelo aloha, a ʻo kekahi moʻolelo o nā kaua i luku ai iā ia he 70 makahiki wale nō ma hope.
ʻO ke kikowaena mōʻaukala o Cordoba, Sepania, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea nui loa o kona ʻano ma ʻEulopa, kahi e hoʻokaʻawale ai ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Cordoba i ka honua.
Kiʻi © E. Lang
Akā he aha hou aʻe e hana ai ʻo Corkūikawā nui loa?
Hoʻokahi mea, maʻalahi ke kiʻi ʻana mai Madrid i hoʻokahi hola a me ka hapa ma ke kaʻaahi AVE kiʻekiʻe. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lewa ma mua o nā wahi kokoke loa, ʻoi aku hoʻi i nā mahina hoʻoilo ke kau nei ʻo Madrid i ka maka hina a me nā ʻaʻahu hoʻoilo mānoanoa, ʻoiai ʻo Cordoba e ʻauʻau ana i ka lā a me nā lāʻau ʻalani.
ʻO ke kikowaena mōʻaukala o Cordoba ka waiwai o nā monuments e mālama ana i nā ʻano nui o ka Roma, Arab, a me nā manawa Kalikiano, a he maʻalahi ke ʻike i nā mea āpau ma ka wāwae.
Nā Kiʻi © E. Lang
ʻO ka hoʻohui hou loa i kona ʻokoʻa, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ka ʻehā o ka UNESCO Heritage Site o Cordoba. Akā naʻe, ʻo ka mea makemake e loaʻa ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i kēia lei aliʻi UNESCO World Heritage ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi mea ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania. ʻAʻole naʻe ka hoʻolaha ʻana o kahi hanana moʻomeheu nui i hana ʻia no ka manawa mua ma ka mōʻaukala i ka Lāpule aʻe ma Medina Azahara. No laila, eia hou kākou me ke ʻano kamaʻilio kahiko - ma ke kākau wale ʻana.
ʻO Medina Azahara, aia ma 7 mau kilomita mai Cordoba, e hōʻike ana i ka nani o ke kūlanakauhale i kūkulu ʻia ma kahi puʻu nona nā hale aliʻi nani loa, nā pā hale, a me nā māla i ka honua.
ʻO Maria Dolores Gaitan, ka mea hoʻokani piano, ka mea hoʻokumu a me ke alakaʻi kiʻi kiʻi FIP Guadalquivir Festival
Mahalo i ka hihiʻo o Maria Dolores Gaitan, ka mea hoʻokani piano a me ka Luna Hoʻokele a me ka mea nāna i hoʻokumu i ka FIP Guadalquivir María Dolores Gaitán Sánchez, e mālama ʻia ka 9th edition o ka FIP Guadalquivir Festival mai Kepakemapa 19 -30, 2018. E mālama ʻia kēia makahiki i kahi hana mele ʻike ʻole ʻia e. ʻO Al-Zahra - ka ʻaha mele mua loa a me ka hanana moʻomeheu e mālama ʻia ma ka UNESCO World Heritage Site.
ʻO kēia ʻaha mele kupaianaha, e pili ana i nā ʻāpana mele kuʻuna me kahi ʻōlelo mele hou o kēia wā, loaʻa ka ʻike kū hoʻokahi o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano mea kani like ʻole e pāʻani ana i nā haku mele hou.
E hōʻike pū ana kēia hanana kūʻokoʻa i ka hana mua loa o "Rhapsody of Yigdal Elohim" i hoʻoulu ʻia e nā mele o nā cordobés Maimónides - nā mele a hiki i kēia lā ʻaʻole i kākau ʻia a hoʻonohonoho ʻia no kēia ʻano hui. E lilo ia i poʻokela o "Scheherezade" na Rimsy Korsakov, i kākau ʻia a hoʻololi ʻia no kahi ʻano mele hou, wehewehe ʻo Maria Dolores Gaitan.
Concert at the Mezquita, Cordoba – Kiʻi © E. Lang
ʻO ka hana ʻana o "Al-Zahra in Music," he inoa e hoʻolalelale ana i nā kuʻuna, modernization, a me internationalization, ʻo ia ka mea e hāʻawi i ke ola i ka waiwai archaeological Medina Azahara ʻo ia hoʻi kahi kahua i kūkulu ʻia ai nā mokuna he nui o ka mōʻaukala mele o Cordoba. Ua haʻi aku ʻo Maria Dolores Gaitan.
Ke hoʻohana nei ʻo Maria i nā hoʻonohonoho hanohano loa ma ke kūlanakauhale: ʻo ka Mosque Cathedral, the Synagogue, the Palace of Viana, the Góngora Theatre, a me Medina Azahara ponoʻī ma ke ʻano he wahi hanana i loko a me ka lewa ākea ma ke kūlanakauhale holoʻokoʻa.
Ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana me Gaitan, ka mea nāna i mālama i ka papahana holoʻokoʻa, ua aʻo wau he pilikia mega-logistical e hoʻokō ai i kēia mau mea a pau, no ka mea, pono e lawe ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia nā lako a pau, nā mea hana, a me nā noho, me nā hoʻonā maʻemaʻe. kahua archaeological no kēia ʻahamele wale nō. Ma o nā mea hoʻopukapuka pilikino wale nō, nā manaʻo hoʻouluhua, a me nā mea ʻike maka.
Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ʻo Gaitan i ka nānā ʻana i nā wānana o ka wā no ka ʻaha mele ākea e hiki mai ana, a ʻaʻole ʻo ia e ʻike i nā ao o ka lewa no ka hopena pule e hiki mai ana, me nā mahana hoʻohiki he 33 Celsius ma ke kahua kūʻai ʻia. E pani ʻia ka FIP Guadalquivir me ka ʻaha mele hope loa i loko o ka Mesquita o Cordoba i ka lā Lāpule, Kepakemapa 30.
I ka makahiki 1984, ua hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻo UNESCO i ka Mosque-Cathedral o Córdoba ma ke ʻano he kahua hoʻoilina honua. ʻO ka Mosque Cordoba nui i hoʻohālikelike ʻia ma hope o ka mea ma Damaseko a he mea hana maoli.
I ka makahiki 711 AD, ua hoʻopio ʻia ʻo Cordoba - e like me nā kūlanakauhale ʻē aʻe o Andalusia - e ka Moors. Ua hoʻololi lākou i ke kūlanakauhale i wahi hoʻokipa moʻomeheu, me nā hale pule a me nā hale aliʻi he nui. Ua hoʻomaka ka wā hanohano nui o Cordoba i ke kenekulia 8 ma hope o ka naʻi ʻana o Moorish.
ʻO Leslie Howard ka mea hoʻokani piano honua i loko o ka Guiness Book of World Records me nā CD he 100 o nā hana a Franz Liszt - Photo © E. Lang
Ma waho aʻe o kahi hale waihona puke nui, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kūlanakauhale ma luna o 300 mau hale pule a me ka lehulehu o nā hale aliʻi a me nā hale hoʻokele.
I ka makahiki 766, ʻo Cordoba ke kapikala o ka Muslim Caliphate o Al-Andalus, a ma ke kenekulia 10, e like me Caliphate o Córdoba, ua lilo ia i kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale kiʻekiʻe loa o ka honua, i ʻike ʻia no kāna moʻomeheu, aʻo, a me ka hoʻomana. hoʻomanawanui.
Ma waena o nā monuments kaulana ʻē aʻe o ke kūlanakauhale ʻo ke alahaka Roma ma luna o Guadalquivir - ka hā o ka muliwai nui loa ma Sepania a ʻo ia wale nō ka mea hiki ke hoʻokele.
