ʻOihana Waina ʻIseraʻela: He Moʻolelo o ka lanakila a me ka ʻike honua

ʻOiai nā pilikia he nui, mai ka terroir a hiki i ka politika, ua hiki i ka ʻIseraʻela ke hoʻokō i kēia mau pilikia a loaʻa i ka kūleʻa kupaianaha.

I loko o kahi pūʻulu ʻelua ʻāpana, ʻimi au i nā pilikia e kū nei i nā paionia o ka waina ʻIseraʻela ʻoihana. Mai ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kā lākou mau māla waina a hiki i ka paʻakikī o ka diplomacy honua, ua hoʻāʻo kēia mau pilikia i ko lākou kūpaʻa a me ka paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka mea hoʻohiwahiwa maoli, ʻo ke ʻano o ko lākou puka lanakila ʻana, ke kālai ʻana i wahi ʻokoʻa no lākou iho. ma ke kahua waina honua.

Ma ka ʻāpana mua o ka moʻo, ʻimi au i nā pilikia terroir kūʻokoʻa i loaʻa e nā mea inu waina ʻIseraʻela. ʻO ke ʻano o ka ʻāina like ʻole, nā ʻano like ʻole o ke aniau, a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka lepo i mea pilikia nui, e koi ana i nā ala hou a me ka nānā pono i nā kikoʻī. ʻOiai ʻo kēia mau paʻakikī, ua hōʻike ka poʻe hana waina o ʻIseraʻela i ka hiki ke hoʻololi a me ka waiwai. nā waina ʻokoʻa e hōʻike ana i ko lākou manaʻo kūʻokoʻa o kahi.

ʻO ka ʻaoʻao ʻelua o ka moʻo e kālele ana i hoʻokahi hale kūʻai waina i loaʻa i ka ʻike kupaianaha ma ka pae honua. Ua hoʻokō kēia ʻoihana waina i ka pale ʻana i nā mea ʻē aʻe he nui. Ma o ka hui pū ʻana o ke alakaʻi ʻike maka, ka hana like ʻole, a me ka ʻike hohonu o ka makemake o nā mea kūʻai aku, ua hoʻokumu lākou iā lākou iho he kukui o ka maikaʻi i loko o ka ʻoihana waina ʻIseraʻela.

Manaʻo wau e hāʻawi kēia ʻāpana ʻelua i nā ʻike waiwai a hoʻomālamalama i ka huakaʻi kupaianaha o ka ʻoihana waina ʻIseraʻela. He mea ia e hōʻike ai i ke kūpaʻa a me ka manaʻo paʻa o kēia poʻe hana waina, ʻaʻole i lanakila wale i nā pilikia akā ua ulu pū kekahi i mua o nā pilikia.

He Waina Nui. Ua "Happens" e hana ʻia i loko o ka ʻIseraʻela

 Ua ʻike ka ʻoihana hana waina o ʻIseraʻela i ka ulu nui a me ka ʻike ʻia; akā naʻe, ke kū nei i nā pilikia i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka holomua honua. Aia kekahi mau kumu i lawa ʻole ai ka maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole paha e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka kūleʻa no nā mea inu waina ʻIseraʻela:

Ka Hoʻokūkū Mākeke: He hoʻokūkū nui ka mākeke waina honua, me nā ʻāina hana waina e like me Farani, Italia, Sepania, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻomalu nei i ka ʻoihana. ʻO nā waina ʻIseraʻela e hoʻokūkū pinepine me nā inoa kaulana a kaulana hoʻi mai kēia mau ʻāina, e paʻakikī ana ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mākeke a me ka ʻike.

ʻO ka ʻike a me ka maikaʻi: ʻOiai ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi o nā waina ʻIseraʻela, hiki i ka ʻike a me ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana waina o ka ʻāina ke waiho ma hope o nā wahi waina kaulana ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka lanakila ʻana i nā stereotypes a me nā manaʻo preconceived e pili ana i ka maikaʻi o nā waina Israeli hiki ke lilo i mea pale i ka kūleʻa ma nā mākeke honua.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a me ka hāʻawi ʻana: He liʻiliʻi ka hana waina a ʻIseraʻela i ka hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina hana waina nui. Hiki i kēia hana liʻiliʻi ke paʻakikī i nā mea inu waina ʻIseraʻela e hoʻokō i nā ʻoihana waiwai a hiki i nā pūnaewele hoʻolaha ākea. ʻO ka lawe ʻana aku i nā waina i nā mākeke honua hiki ke uku a paʻakikī ma muli o nā kumu logistic a me nā koi hoʻoponopono.

Ke kūʻai aku ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana: He kuleana koʻikoʻi ke kūʻai aku ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i ka kūleʻa o kekahi ʻano waina. Hiki i nā mea hana waina ʻIseraʻela ke pilikia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kā lākou waina ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa ma muli o ka palena o nā kumukūʻai kūʻai aku a i ʻole ka pono o nā hoʻolālā kūʻai maʻalahi e kūkulu i ka ʻike brand a hiki i nā mea kūʻai hou.

ʻOiai kēia mau paʻakikī, hoʻomau ka poʻe hana waina ʻIseraʻela i ka hana ʻana i nā waina ʻokoʻa, a ua hoʻomaka kā lākou hoʻoikaika ʻana e loaʻa ka ʻike ma waena o ke kaiāulu waina honua. Ma ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ka hana hou, ka launa pū ʻana, a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ke hana nei nā mea hana waina ʻIseraʻela i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lanakila nui aʻe a hoʻonui i ko lākou noho ʻana i ka mākeke waina honua.

He mea nui ka mōʻaukala

He moʻolelo koʻikoʻi ko ka ʻIseraʻela no ka hana ʻana i ka waina i nā makahiki he mau tausani. I ka wā o ke aupuni Roma (6-135 CE), ua ʻimi nui ʻia ka waina mai ka ʻIseraʻela a lawe ʻia aku i Roma a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi mau hiʻohiʻona nui o kēia mau waina mai ka ʻIseraʻela kahiko:

ʻO nā waina kahiko a me nā waina:ʻO nā waina i hanaʻia ma kaʻIseraʻela kahiko i hoʻopaʻa pinepineʻia a hōʻailonaʻia me ka makahiki o ka hanaʻana. Ua ʻae kēia hana i nā mea kūʻai aku e mahalo i ka makahiki a me ka oʻo ʻana o ka waina, kahi hiʻohiʻona i mahalo nui ʻia i ka wā Roma.

ʻO ka inoa o ka mea hana waina: ʻO ka amphorae i loko o ka waina i kākau ʻia ka inoa o ka mea hana waina. Ua hōʻike kēia i ka haʻaheo a me ka hana hana a hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke ʻike i ke kumu a me ka maikaʻi o ka waina a lākou e hauʻoli nei.

ʻO nā waina mānoanoa a me ka ʻono: ʻO nā mea ʻono o ka manawa i hilinaʻi ʻia i nā waina i mānoanoa a ʻono. Ua hana ʻia kēia mau waina mai nā hua waina i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ma hope o ka oʻo ʻana, e loaʻa ana ka nui o ke kō a me ke ʻano ʻoi aʻe. ʻO ka ʻono e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waina i ka palale kahiko o Roma.

Hoʻohui wai: He mea maʻamau i ka honua kahiko ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i nā waina me ka wai (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka wai mahana, wai paʻakai)

ma mua o ka ʻai ʻana. Ua laha nui keia hana ma ka mo'omeheu Roma, kahi i hui pinepine ia ai na waina me ka nui o ka wai a me na mea e ae (oia hoi, na mea kanu a me na mea ala; waiho pinepine ia i loko o na ipu i uhi ia i ka resine e hana ana i ka ono e like me ka restina) e loaa ai ka ono a me ka waiona. pae.

ʻO ke koʻikoʻi o ka mōʻaukala o nā waina ʻIseraʻela i ka wā o ke aupuni Roma e hōʻike ana i nā kuʻuna a me ka ʻike loea o ka ʻāina. Eia nō naʻe, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, ʻoiai me kahi kumu mōʻaukala ikaika a me nā waina maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka kūleʻa i ka mākeke waina honua hou e pono ai e lanakila i nā pilikia like ʻole e pili ana i ka hoʻokūkū, ʻike, kūʻai aku, a me ka hāʻawi ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ke hoʻomau nei ka hoʻoilina a me ka ʻike i hāʻawi ʻia i nā hanauna o nā mea hana waina i loko o ka ʻIseraʻela i mea waiwai nui i ka ʻoihana waina o ka ʻāina.

Ingenuity

Ma waho aʻe o nā kenekulia o ka ʻike, aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe e hoʻohua ai i nā waina nui - a loaʻa iā ʻIseraʻela nā mea āpau:

Nā ʻano waina: ʻO nā waina ʻIseraʻela e hōʻike pinepine ana i nā ʻano hua waina Farani a me Italia, e like me nā mea i loaʻa ma nā ʻāina hana waina ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai he liʻiliʻi nā waina i hana ʻia mai nā hua waina ʻōiwi, ʻo ka manaʻo e pili ana i nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka honua. ʻO kēia ka mea e hiki ai i nā mea hana waina ke hoʻohana i nā ʻano a me nā ʻano e pili ana i kēia mau ʻano hua waina, i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i nā kenekulia o ka hana waina.

Nā Kūlana Kūlana Mediterranean: Hōʻike ʻia ke aniau o ka ʻIseraʻela e nā kauwela wela, haʻahaʻa a me nā hoʻoilo maloʻo, kahi kūpono no ka mahi waina. Hāʻawi kēia mau kūlana climatic maʻamau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hua waina me nā ʻono ʻono a me ka acidity kaulike. Ma waho aʻe o ke aniau, ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e like me ka wahi o ka māla waina, ka pali, ke kuhikuhi ʻana i ka pali, nā waiwai lepo, a me nā hana mahiʻai e pāʻani i nā kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka kaiaola holoʻokoʻa o ka māla waina. Hoʻopili kēia mau mea i ka maikaʻi o nā hua waina a hiki ke hopena i nā ʻano ʻono ʻokoʻa.

ʻO ka Puʻu Waina: ʻO nā hana i hana ʻia i ka wā e hoʻoili ai i ka waina i loko o ka cellar ka hopena i ka huahana hope. Hoʻoponopono pono nā mea hana waina i ke kaʻina hana fermentation, me ka mālama ʻana i ka wela, ke koho ʻana i ka hū, a me nā ʻenehana maceration e loaʻa ai nā ʻano ʻono i makemake ʻia. ʻO nā kūlana kahiko a me ka mālama ʻana, e like me ke koho ʻana i nā pahu ʻoka a i ʻole nā ​​pahu kila kila, e kōkua pū i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano waina kūikawā. He mea koʻikoʻi ka nānā mau ʻana a me ka manawa kūpono e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō pololei ʻana i kēlā me kēia kaʻina hana o ka hana waina.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole loaʻa kahi meaʻai hoʻokahi no ka hana ʻana i ka waina maikaʻi loa, ʻo ka hui pū ʻana o kēia mau mea, me ka ʻike a me ka ʻike o nā mea hana waina, e kōkua i ka maikaʻi o nā waina Israeli. ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka manawa kūpono, ka nānā ʻana i nā kikoʻī, a me ka nānā mau ʻana i loko o ka cellar e kōkua i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā waina i ko lākou mana piha.

Nā alanuihele

Aia kekahi mau mea e kaupalena ana i ka hiki o ka ʻIseraʻela ke hoʻokūkū maikaʻi ma ka pae waina honua. Aia kēia mau mea:

ʻEka pā waina palena ʻia: He ʻāina liʻiliʻi ko ʻIseraʻela i kūpono no ka mahi waina i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina e like me Italia, Sepania, a me Farani. Hoʻopili kēia i ka nui o nā hua waina i hiki ke ulu a, ma hope, ka nui o ka waina i hana ʻia.

Nā pilikia o ke aniau: ʻO ke aniau o ka ʻIseraʻela ma ke ʻano he Mediterranean, me ke kauwela wela a maloʻo. ʻOiai he maikaʻi kēia ʻano no kekahi mau ʻano hua waina, hiki iā ia ke hōʻike i nā pilikia e like me ka nele o ka wai a me ka pilikia o nā maʻi waina. Hiki i kēia mau mea ke hoʻopili i ka maikaʻi a me ka nui o nā hua waina i ʻohi ʻia.

Ka nele o ka ʻike honua: Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina hana waina maʻamau e like me Italia, Farani, a me Sepania, he moʻolelo pōkole ka waina Israeli a ʻaʻole kaulana loa ma ka honua. ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi kaulana a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ʻike no nā waina ʻIseraʻela e pono ai ka manawa a me ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ke kālepa.

Mākeke kūʻokoʻa liʻiliʻi: He liʻiliʻi ka heluna kanaka o ʻIseraʻela, a ʻo ka mākeke kūloko no ka inu waina ʻaʻole i koʻikoʻi e like me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe. Hāʻawi kēia i ka manaʻo nui i ka lawe ʻana aku i nā mea kanu waina ʻIseraʻela e hoʻokō i nā ʻoihana waiwai a me ka loaʻa kālā.

Nā kumu Geopolitical: ʻO ke kūlana geopolitical o ʻIseraʻela, me kona kokoke i nā wahi hakakā, hiki i kekahi manawa ke hoʻopili i nā hana kālepa a me nā hana hoʻoiho. Hiki i ka paʻa ʻole o ka politika ma ka ʻāina ke hana i nā pilikia a me nā pilikia logistic e pili ana i ka ʻoihana waina.

ʻOiai kēia mau palena, ua holomua nui ka poʻe winemakers Israeli i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, e hana ana i nā waina kiʻekiʻe i loaʻa ka mahalo i nā hoʻokūkū honua. Me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā māla waina, nā ʻenehana hana waina, a me nā ʻoihana kūʻai aku, hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻoihana waina a ʻIseraʻela a hoʻomaikaʻi i kona kūlana ma ka pae honua.

Ke hoʻololi

Aia ma hea ka ʻIseraʻela ma ka mākeke waina honua? I ka makahiki 2021, ua kūʻai ʻia nā mea kūʻai aku o ka ʻIseraʻela ma $64.1M, ʻo ia ka 29.^th ka mea lawe waina nui loa ma ka honua. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana, ʻo nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe loa e lawe ana i ka waina (2021) ʻo Italia ($ 8.4 biliona), Sepania ($ 3.5 biliona), Farani ($ 13.1 biliona), Chile ($ 2 biliona), Australia ($ 1.7 biliona), a me US ($ 1.5 biliona) (worldstoexports.com).

Ma kahi o 40 miliona mau hue i hana ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hana waina a Israel i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā pae hana waina o ka honua. ʻO ka 60,000 tons o nā hua waina i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i kēlā me kēia makahiki e hōʻike ana i kahi hoʻoikaika nui i ka mahi ʻana i ka māla waina a me ka hana hua waina.

ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o 350+/- ka hapa nui o nā hana boutique a me 70 mau hale kūʻai waina e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻano ʻano like ʻole o nā mea hana waina ma ʻIseraʻela. Hōʻike kēia i kahi ikaika o nā hale waina liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi e kālele ana i ka hana ʻana i nā nui liʻiliʻi o nā waina maikaʻi loa. He mea pono e hoʻomaopopo i ka ʻumi o nā wineries nui loa ma ka ʻIseraʻela e mālama i ka 90 pakeneka o ka hana, e hōʻike ana i kahi pae o ka hoʻohui ʻana i loko o ka ʻoihana. Hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia kēia ʻano o ka hana ʻana ma waena o nā mea pāʻani nui e like me ka ʻoihana waiwai, ka mana o ka mākeke, a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala mōʻaukala.

Hāʻawi ʻia i ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka ʻoihana waina ʻIseraʻela, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kumu o ka haʻahaʻa ʻana o kāna waiwai kūʻai aku i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻāina nui e hana ana i ka waina. Eia naʻe, he mea nui e hoʻomaopopo i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻoihana waina ʻIseraʻela i ka ʻike ʻia no kona ʻano a me kona ʻano ʻokoʻa i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, a ke piʻi mau nei kona waiwai kūʻai aku.

Me ka hoʻomau ʻana i ka hoʻolilo ʻana i nā māla waina, nā ʻenehana hana waina, a me nā hana kūʻai aku, hiki i nā mea inu waina ʻIseraʻela ke hoʻomohala hou i kā lākou ʻoihana a hoʻonui i ko lākou hele ʻana ma ke kahua waina honua.

Pipiʻi?

Pīhoihoi nā mea kūʻai aku ʻAmelika i ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o nā waina mai ka ʻIseraʻela. ʻAʻole ka ʻāpana kosher e hoʻonui i ke kumukūʻai; Kosher vinification ua like ia me ka hana waina maʻamau koe wale no nā mea hū kosher a me ka pono o kahi luna e nānā i ke kaʻina hana. Hoʻopili ʻia ke kumu kūʻai maʻamau i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka noho ʻana ma ʻIseraʻela a me nā kumukūʻai e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka waina ma kēia ʻāpana o ka honua.

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe loea e pili ana ke kumukūʻai o nā waina ʻIseraʻela i ka ʻōpio o ka ʻoihana a me ka mākeke liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka heluna kanaka o ka ʻIseraʻela he 8 miliona; e unuhi i nā mea a pau ma lalo o ka makahiki inu kānāwai o 18 a unuhi i nā Mahometa (ʻaʻole ka hoʻomana i ka inu ʻona) a waiho kēia i kahi mākeke mea kūʻai liʻiliʻi ma kahi o 4 miliona.

Lawe mai nā mea hana waina ma ʻIseraʻela i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o nā mea hana a loaʻa kēia i kēlā me kēia mea pono e pono ai, mai nā mīkini ʻokiʻoki a hiki i nā barela a me nā pahu. Ua like nā lilo o ke poʻo no kahi hale waina e hana ana i nā ʻōmole 30,000 i kēlā me kēia makahiki a i ʻole 300,000 mau hue. ʻO nā mea pono ʻē aʻe no ka ulu ʻana i nā hua waina, e like me ka ʻāina, a me ka wai, he pipiʻi loa ia ma ka ʻIseraʻela. Ke uku mau nei ka ʻoihana no 40 mau makahiki o ka hoʻopukapuka kālā (mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi moʻomeheu waina kūloko). Manaʻo ka poʻe winemakers ʻEulopa he 100-200 mau makahiki e hoʻokumu ai i kahi kumu kūʻai kūʻai kūpaʻa, aʻo nā hoa ʻIseraʻela e laʻa inā loaʻa iā lākou kahi mea kūʻai kūpaʻa lua.

Kupale

ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana he kosher nā hana o ka māla waina a me ka hana ʻana i ka waina e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i ke kaʻina hana e nā Iudaio nānā a me ka hele ʻana o kahi mashgiah e hōʻoia i nā hana.

ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka mālama ʻana i ka palapala hōʻoia kosher he waiwai kālā koʻikoʻi, pili ia i nā noʻonoʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i nā limahana a me ka pili ʻana i nā alakaʻi kosher kikoʻī. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā limahana i hui pū me nā hua waina he mau Iudaio nānā a loaʻa kahi makana mashgiah hiki ke hoʻohui i kahi papa o ka paʻakikī i ke kaʻina hana waina.

E pili ana i ka hōʻailona a me ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā waina ʻIseraʻela, he mea hoihoi ia e ʻike ʻia kekahi mau waina i hana ʻia ma ka ʻIseraʻela i kapa ʻia ʻo "KOSHER" ma mua o "ISRAEL" ma nā papa ma nā hale kūʻai kūʻai ʻAmelika. Hiki i kēia ke hana i nā pilikia e pili ana i ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi ʻike kūʻokoʻa a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike o nā waina Israeli holoʻokoʻa. Hiki ke alakaʻi i nā waina i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he waina kosher ma mua o ka ʻike ʻia no ko lākou ʻano maikaʻi a me nā ʻano ʻāpana.

Hoʻololi Kūʻai

ʻElua ʻano waina kosher: mevushal a me non-mevushal. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā waina Mevushal i kahi kaʻina hana pasteurization flash, e ʻae iā lākou e mālama ʻia e ka poʻe Iudaio ʻole Orthodox, ʻoiai ʻo nā waina non-mevushal he mau waina maikaʻi loa i hana ʻia me nā ʻano kuʻuna.

Hiki i ka lepili KOSHER ke kaupalena i nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻike i nā koho kiʻekiʻe ma waena o nā waina kosher. Hōʻike ka noiʻi ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā waina ʻIseraʻela, akā ʻaʻole hiki i nā ʻoihana kūʻai kūʻai kūʻai i kēia manawa ke kamaʻilio i kēia ʻokoʻa, me ka maikaʻi, hiki ke uhi i ka ʻike o ka maikaʻi.

Ma mua o ka hoʻokūpaʻa ʻana i ka lepili kosher, pono e helu ʻia nā waina mai ka ʻIseraʻela ma ke ʻano he "waina mai ka ʻIseraʻela" ma nā menus me ka nānā ʻana i ka mahalo ʻana i nā waina ʻIseraʻela ma ke ʻano he huahana maikaʻi loa me ka nānā ʻole ʻana i ka hōʻoia kosher kikoʻī (e like me ka hōʻailona OU).

No ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi ʻoi aku ka ikaika ma ka mākeke, e komo pū ana ma ka hale, nā hale kūʻai waina ma ka pūnaewele, nā hale kūʻai nui, nā hale ʻaina, a me nā hale ʻē aʻe, a no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ʻike holoʻokoʻa, pono paha i nā waina ʻIseraʻela ke loaʻa i kahi hōʻike koʻikoʻi ma kahi "ISRAEL" papa a mahele paha. E kōkua kēia i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa a me ka ʻokoʻa o nā waina ʻIseraʻela ma mua o ko lākou koho kosher, e ʻae ana i nā mea kūʻai aku e ʻimi a mahalo i nā waina e pili ana i kā lākou terroir a me nā ʻenehana hana waina.

No ka laʻana, ʻo nā huahana e like me M&Ms, lawe i ka hōʻailona Orthodox Union (OU) akā ʻaʻole i hoʻololi nui i nā hoʻoholo kūʻai. Malia paha ʻo ka manawa kēia no ka mea kūʻai aku ʻAmelika e ʻike i nā waina Israeli no ko lākou maikaʻi a hauʻoli iā lākou me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokau nui ʻana i ko lākou kūlana kosher.

© Kauka Elinor Garely. ʻAʻole hiki ke kope ʻia kēia ʻatikala kope, me nā kiʻi, me ka ʻole o ka ʻae palapala ʻia mai ka mea kākau.