ʻAʻole wale nā lāʻau lapaʻau akā ke hoʻomohala ʻia nei nā lāʻau e mālama ai iā COVID-19. Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hōʻike ma ka noiʻi i paʻi ʻia ma ʻEulopa a hāʻawi ʻia i unuhi ʻia a unededed no nā hana ʻike.

ʻO ka hōʻike no ka ʻoihana pharma, akā ke hāʻawi nei i kahi ʻike kikoʻī kikoʻī kahi e alualu ai ka lāʻau lapaʻau a lāʻau lāʻau paha i kū i ʻEulopa.

ʻOiai ke holomua nei ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau āpau e kūʻē i ka maʻi corona hou ma kahi kō mua o ka wā ma mua, ʻaʻole paha e loaʻa ʻia lākou no nā lāʻau ākea ma ka makahiki 2020. No laila, lana ka manaʻo e ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi lāʻau ma mua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Nā papahana e hoʻomau nei no ka hoʻolaʻa hou ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau

ʻO ka nānā nui ʻana i nā huahana lāʻau i ʻae ʻia no kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe a i ʻole i ka hoʻomohala ʻana. Hiki i ka repurposing iā lākou ke kūleʻa i ka wikiwiki ma mua o kahi hoʻomohala hou maʻamau.

Ke ho'āʻo ʻia nei kekahi mau lāʻau e kū nei i kēia manawa no ko lākou kūpono no ka maʻi corona Covid-19. Pili lākou i kekahi o nā hui ʻekolu aʻe:

Nā lāʻau Antiviral ua hoʻomohala mua ʻia no ka maʻi HIV, Ebola, hepatitis C, flu, SARS a i ʻole MERS (ʻelua mau maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā coronaviruse ʻē aʻe). Hoʻolālā ʻia lākou e ālai i ka hoʻonui ʻana o nā mea ʻino a pale aku iā lākou mai ke komo ʻana i nā hunaola māmā. Ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei kekahi lāʻau malaria kahiko, a ua ʻike ʻia kona hopena e kūʻē i nā virus.
ʻO nā immunomodulators , e laʻa me B. kūʻē i ka rheumatoid arthritis a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻōpala i hoʻomohala ʻia. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia lākou e kaupalena i nā hopena pale o ke kino i mea e hana ʻole ai i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia ma mua o nā virus iā lākou iho.
ʻO nā lāʻau no nā mea maʻi māmā , eg B. ua hoʻomohala ʻia e kūʻē i ka fibrosis pulmonary idiopathic. Kūpono lākou e pale i nā ake māmā o ka mea maʻi mai ka hiki ke hāʻawi i ke koko me ka lawa o ka oxygen.

Eia nō naʻe, aia nō nā papahana no ka hoʻomohala lāʻau hou.

Loaʻa ka akāka koke e pili ana i ke kūpono o ka lāʻau

I loko o kekahi mau ʻano noiʻi kahi i mālama ʻia ai ia ʻano lāʻau a e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei no ka pono i Kina a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, he mau kakena wale nō i pili. a ʻaʻohe pinepine e hoʻohālikelike pololei ʻia me nā mea maʻi e loaʻa wale ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau hou. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho koke ʻia ia ʻano ʻike, akā kānalua pinepine kā lākou hopena. Nui aʻe paha nā mea Covid-19 maʻi i nā haukapila ma waena o ka honua, akāʻaʻole nui nā mea i hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia e hōʻike āpau i nā lāʻau lapaʻau a pau e noiʻia nei.

No laila ua noi aku ka European Medicines Agency (EMA) i nā ʻoihana a me nā keʻena noiʻi e hoʻonohonoho i nā noiʻi hoʻomanawanui multinational, multi-pūʻali koa, kaohi a me nā randomized no kā lākou mau lāʻau i hiki.

"Multinational" ʻo ia hoʻi, pili nā keʻena lapaʻau i nā ʻāina he nui.
ʻO ka "multi-arm" a me ka "control" ka mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea maʻi i nā hui i hāʻawi ʻia i kēlā me kēia lāʻau i kahi lāʻau ʻokoʻa: loaʻa like i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole, akā loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hui ke loaʻa kekahi o nā lāʻau e hoʻokolohua ʻia. I ka hui hope (ka pūʻulu mālama), eia nō naʻe, koe ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau.
"Randomized" ʻo ia hoʻi, hāʻawi ʻino nā mea maʻi makemake i kekahi o nā hui.

ʻO ia mau noiʻi, e like me ka EMA, e alakaʻi ʻia ana i ka hopena o ka hopena o ke kūpono o nā lāʻau i hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā haʻawina liʻiliʻi, a laila e ʻae ʻia hoʻi nā lāʻau kūʻē iā Covid-19.

Ua hoʻolaha aku nei ka World Health Organization (WHO) i kahi noiʻi penei: ʻo kēia noi, i kapa ʻia ʻo SOLIDARITY, i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohālikelike i ʻehā mau lāʻau me nā huahana lāʻau i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia me kekahi me kekahi a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe maʻamau maʻamau. No laila e loaʻa i ka noiʻi nā "lima hoʻopaʻa lima" e pili ana (= ʻano o ka mālama ʻana) kahi e manaʻo ʻia ai he mau kaukani maʻi e komo - kaʻana like ʻole ʻia:

ʻO ka mālama maʻamau wale nō
Ka lapaʻau maʻamau + Remdesivir (mea hōʻoki o ka RNA polymerase o ka maʻi maʻi)
Ka lapaʻau maʻamau + ritonavir / lopinavir (lāʻau HIV)
Ka lapaʻau maʻamau + ritonavir / lopinavir (ka lāʻau HIV) + beta interferon (ka lāʻau MS)
ʻO ka maʻamau maʻamau + chloroquine (lāʻau lapaʻau malaria)

Pono nā keʻena lapaʻau mai Argentina, Iran a me ʻApelika Hema e komo i ka noi. E nānā pinepine kahi papa kiaʻi i nā hopena manawa o ka hoʻopaʻa a hoʻopau ʻana i nā lima aʻo kahi i maikaʻi ʻole ai nā mea maʻi (a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi) ma mua o ka pūʻulu kaohi. Hiki nō hoʻi ke hoʻohui i nā lima hou i ke aʻo ʻana, kahi e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe.

I ka manawa like, ua hoʻomaka ka ʻike HIKI i ʻEulopa a me UK me kahi ʻano like, hoʻohui ʻia e ka hui noiʻi Palani INSERM. 3,200 mau mea maʻi mai Kelemania, Pelekiuma, Palani, Lukemapuka, Nekelana, Sepania, Kuekene a me Pelekane e komo pū. Ma kahi o chloroquine, pono e hoʻohana i ka lāʻau malaria like hydroxychloroquine.

Nā lāʻau Antiviral

Hoʻomanaʻo ua hoʻomohala mua ʻia e Ke Kulaʻo Gileada e kūʻē i nā maʻi Ebola (ʻaʻole ia i hōʻoia ʻia), akā ua hōʻike ʻia he maikaʻi e kūʻē i nā maʻi MERS ma ka hale hōʻikeʻike. ʻO ka lāʻau me kēia mea hana e hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā ʻano noiʻi e kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2.

ʻO CytoDyn ʻo e hoʻāʻo ana inā ʻo kāna lāʻau hoʻomāinoino Maikaʻi ʻo Leronlimab kūʻē i ka coronavirus. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia no kahi manawa lōʻihi e kūʻē i ka maʻi HIV a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻekolu-ʻole, no ia mea ua hoʻāʻo ʻia i loko o nā noiʻi. Ke kali ʻia nei kahi hoʻokolokolo pae II no Covid-19.

He lāʻau HIV hou kā AbbVie me ka me ka hui pu o nā mea hana lopinavir/ritonaviri hoʻolako ʻia no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma ke ʻano he Covid-19 therapeutic. Ke hoʻomau nei nā noiʻi me nā mea maʻi, me kahi noiʻi kahi a nā mea maʻi pū kekahi inhale Novaferon mai ʻO Beijing Genova Biotech . Ua ʻae ʻia kēia interferon alpha ma Kina no ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi hepitis B. E hoʻāʻo ʻia ka lāʻau i kēia manawa i nā noiʻi nui a puni ka honua.

Hoʻohui ka hui ʻo Ascletis Pharma ritonavir ma kahi o kahi i ʻāpono ʻia ma Kina no ka lāʻau hepatitis C me ka mea hana ʻO Danoprevir . Ke hoʻomau nei nā aʻo ʻana.

I Kina, ka hui ʻO Zhejiang Hisun ʻOihana lāʻau Nā noiʻi noiʻi ʻana ma Covid-19 therapy me kahi lāʻau antiviral i loaʻa ka mea hana aloha aponoia. I kēia manawa, ʻae wale ʻia ka favilavir no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa flu (i Iapana a me Kina).

Eia nō naʻe ke kūʻē nei i ka maʻi flu ATR-002 , kahi mea kāohi kinase o ka hui Atriva Therapeutics ma Tübingen. Ke nānā nei ka ʻoihana inā hiki i ka mea hana hana ke kāohi i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o SARS-CoV-2.

ʻO APEIRON Biologics (Vienna) a me ke Kulanui o British Columbia makemake i ka lāʻau APN01test i puka mai ka noiʻi a SARS a ua hoʻāʻo mua ʻia i nā noiʻi hoʻomanawanui ʻana e kūʻē i nā maʻi o ka lolo. Paʻa ia i kahi mole ma ka ʻili o nā huna puʻupuʻu e hoʻohana ai nā mea ʻino ma ke ʻano he māka no ke komo ʻana i nā hunaola.

Chloroquine ua ʻike maoli ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hana i ka lāʻau malaria, akā ua kau ʻia wale nō i nā makahiki i hala iho nei. Eia nō naʻe, ʻike ʻia ia i kēia manawa hiki ke hoʻohana i ka mea hana i antivirally. Ma hope o nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua maikaʻi e kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2. Ua loaʻa pū kekahi nūhou e nā kānaka noiʻi Kina i ka manawa o ka chloroquine i hōʻike ʻia he maikaʻi i kahi noiʻi hoʻokolohua. A laila hoʻomaka hou ka hui ʻo Bayer i ka hana o kāna hoʻomākaukau mua ʻana me chloroquine. Haʻawina ma

lāʻau malaria me ka mea hana like himia kikoo ke nānā ʻia nei hoʻi i kēia manawa. Ua ʻae ka hui ʻo Novartis e kākoʻo i kēia mau hoʻāʻo a hāʻawi i ka hihia o nā hoʻoholo maikaʻi e nā luna hoʻomalu i ka hopena o Mei a hiki i 130 miliona mau ana hana o ia mea no ka mālama ʻana i ka poʻe ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. Eia kekahi, ʻo Sanofi e hāʻawi i kahi lāʻau malaria me kēia lāʻau i loaʻa.

Mai ka papa o ka noi mua. ʻO Camostat Mesilat ʻaʻole ia he agena antiviral - ua ʻae ʻia kahi lāʻau me ia i Iapana no ka mumū o ka pancreas. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi mai kahi hui Kelemania o nā hale noiʻi i alakaʻi ʻia e ka German Primate Center ma Göttingen e kāohi ana ia i kahi ʻenemema mai nā hunaola o ka lolo i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua e pono ai no ke komo ʻana o nā virus SARS-CoV-2. No laila ke hoʻolālā nei ʻoe e hoʻāʻo iā ia i nā noiʻi maʻi.

Eia kekahi mea hana Brilacidin mai ka hui Innovation Pharmaceuticalswas ʻaʻole i hoʻomohala mua ʻia e kūʻē i nā virus. Akā, ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi ʻōpū a me ka mumū o ka mucosa waha. Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo ʻia hiki iā ia ke hoʻouka i ka envelope o waho o ka maʻi maʻi SARS-CoV-2. Ke nānā ʻia nei kēia i nā moʻomeheu paʻa.

Makemake ka hui Sepania ʻo PharmaMar e hoʻāʻo i kāna lāʻau me plitidepsin i kahi noiʻi kūʻē iā Covid-19 ma hope o ka paipai ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua hale hana. ʻO ka lāʻau, i ʻae maoli ʻia ma Nūhōlani a me Hikina Hema ʻo Asia no ka mālama ʻana i ka myeloma maha (kahi ʻano o ka maʻi ʻaʻa pū iwi), e kāohi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka maʻi ma muli o ka palaka ʻana i ka protein pono ʻo EF1A i loko o nā hunaola ʻeha.

ʻAʻole hakakā ka hui o nā lāʻau i nā mea ʻino, akā paipai ia i ka pale o ke kino ponoʻī i nā mea hoʻomaʻi: ka hoʻohuihui . He ʻokoʻa lākou o nā ʻelele ponoʻī o ke kino i hana ʻia e ka ʻenekini. Māhele nā meaola lāʻau i kēia mau mea elele i kekahi mau pūʻulu, a ʻo nā alpha a beta interferon mea nui e kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2:

Nā mea kōkua Alpha: I ke kaʻina o nā noiʻi me Covid-19 maʻi, nā lāʻau me nā mea hana interferon alpha-1b , interferon alpha-2b (mai ka hui Cuban BioCubaFarma a me ka hui Cuban-Chinese ʻo Changchun Heber Biological Technology), peg-interferon alpha-2a (hana ʻia e Roche), Peg-Interferon-alpha-2b or ʻO Novaferon (na ka hui Kina ʻo Genova Biotech) i hoʻohana hoʻokahi a i ʻole me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe. I kekahi mau hihia i lawelawe ʻia ka interferon alpha pakahi i kahi ʻano inhalable. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia mau lāʻau āpau no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi mau maʻi viral, e like me ka maʻi hepatitis B a i ʻole C, ma kekahi mau ʻāina. Ua hoʻolaha ʻo BioCubaFarm hiki iā ia ke hāʻawi i nā nui o kāna lāʻau i ka honua holoʻokoʻa.
Nā interferon Beta: Nā lāʻau me interferon beta-1a a interferon beta-1b ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i nā noi e kūʻē iā Covid-19. Ke hoʻolako nei ka hui Kelemania ʻo Merck i kāna lāʻau interferon beta-1a i loaʻa no kahi noi aʻoi aku e ka INSERM institute ma Palani. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia nā mea hana ʻelua no ka antiviral therapy ma ka EU, akā i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua interferon beta-1a hiki iā ia ke hoʻopau i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā maʻi maʻi SARS e pili ana. No kahi ʻano inhalable o interferon-beta-1a, ka hui Pelekane Loaʻa iā Synairgen ua ʻae ʻia no kahi noi ʻana ma nā mea maʻi ʻo Covid-19.

ʻO Pfizer ʻo ia i kēia manawa ke hoʻāʻo nei i nā mea hou aʻe nā mea antiviral i loko o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua a ka hui i hoʻomohala ai i mua no ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi viral ʻē aʻe. Inā hoʻokahi a ʻoi paha o lākou e hōʻoia iā lākou iho i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, e hoʻokau ʻia ʻo Pfizer iā lākou i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻowalewale kūpono a hoʻomaka i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana me nā kānaka ma ka hopena o 2020. Eia kekahi, MSD ke ʻimi nei i kēia manawa i kahi o kāna lāʻau antiviral kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2 hiki ke hoʻokō pono. Ke ʻimi nei ʻo Novartis i kahi o kāna huahana ponoʻī a me nā mea mai kāna waihona waiwai ponoʻī no ka hoʻomohala lāʻau ʻana i hiki ke kūpono no ka mālama ʻana i nā mea maʻi ʻo Covid 19 - ma ke ʻano he lāʻau antiviral a i ʻole ma kahi ʻano ʻē (e nānā ma lalo).

Hoʻoiho i nā immunomodulator

Makemake nui ʻia nā hopena pale i nā poʻe maʻi; ʻaʻole pono nui loa lākou e hoʻonui i nā mea i hōʻino ʻia ma mua o ke kōkua i nā māmā.
No kēia kumu, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia nā hopena pale pale i nā mea maʻi maʻi nui i nā papahana he nui.

No laila ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Sanofi lāua ʻo Regeneron i kā lāua modulator pale sarilumab i kahi noiʻi me nā maʻi Covid-19 i loli ʻia. Ua ʻae ʻia kēia antagonist interleukin-6 no ka rumatika.

Ke hoʻāʻo nei ʻo Roche i kāna antagonist interleukin-6 aililizumabme nā mea maʻi Covid-19 i loaʻa i ka maʻi pneumonia koʻikoʻi. Ua ʻae ʻia ka lāʻau no ka mālama ʻana i ka rheumatoid arthritis. Ke hoʻāʻo nei nō hoʻi nā kauka Kina iā ia i nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka puaʻa no kekahi mau pule.

Ke hoʻāʻo nei nō hoʻi nā kauka Kina i ka manamana lima immunomodulator me nā mea maʻi. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia e Novartis no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa o nā sclerosis he nui a ʻae ʻia no ia.

Ma Kanada, colchisin ʻo ia ke hoʻāʻo ʻia nei i ka hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolokolo i hana nā pane pale kino nui, alakaʻi ʻia e ka Montreal Heart Institute. Ua ʻae ʻia ka lāʻau e kūʻē i ka gout (a i kekahi mau ʻāina hoʻi e kūʻē i ka pericarditis).

Ma kahi ākea ākea hiki iā ʻoe kekahiʻO ka paʻakai metaarsenite (NaAsO ₂ ) ʻo ia kekahi o nā modulator immune no ka mea hoʻohaʻahaʻa ia i ka hana ʻana o kekahi mau mea elele o ka ʻōnaehana pale (nā cytokine), kahi e hoʻonāukiuki ai i nā hopena immune ʻoi loa. ʻO ka hui Kōlea Hema Komipharm ua hoʻomohala i kahi lāʻau no ka ʻeha pili i ka tumor (inoa papahana PAX-1-001). Ua noi i kēia manawa i nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e hoʻāʻo i ka lāʻau i nā mea maʻi Covid-19.

ʻO nā lāʻau no nā mea maʻi māmā

Makemake nā kānaka noiʻi Kina e hoʻāʻo i kahi lāʻau Roche me ka mea hana pirfenidone i ʻae ʻia no nā mea maʻi me ka fibrosis pulmonary idiopathic. Hoʻopili kēia lāʻau i ka scarring o nāʻiʻo māmā i hōʻino ʻia.

Hoʻolālā ka hui Kanada ʻo Algernon Pharmaceuticals e hoʻāʻo i kāna lāʻau lāʻau NP-120 me ka mea hana ʻo Ifenprodil no ke kūpono. I kēia manawa ʻaʻohe patent-Ifenprodil i Iapana a me Kōlea Hema e kūʻē i nā maʻi neurological. Ke hoʻomohala nei ʻo Algernon i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e kūʻē i ka fibrosis pulmonary idiopathic me kēia mea hana no kekahi manawa.

ʻO ka hui Biotech Viennese ʻo Apeptico makemake i kāna mea hana Solnatidee kūʻē i nā kūleʻa o ka maʻi o kēia manawa (ARSD) no ke kūpono no nā mea maʻi Covid-19 me ka hōʻino nui o ka māmā. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia e hoʻihoʻi i ka paʻa o nā membrane i kaʻiʻo māmā.

ʻO ka hui US ʻO Bioxytran ke hoʻomohala nei i kēia manawa i kahi lāʻau me ka mea hana ʻO BXT-25 no nā mea maʻi me ARDS. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka lawe ʻana o ka oxygen i loko o kahi māmā i hōʻino ʻia a kōkua i nā mea maʻi i hiki ke hoʻolako pono ʻia me ka oxygen ma o ka lung hana. Makemake pū ka ʻoihana e hoʻāʻo i kāna lāʻau me kekahi hoa no nā mea maʻi maʻi loa me Covid-19.

Nā lāʻau hou e kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2

Ke hoʻāʻo nei kekahi mau papahana e ulu nei i nā lāʻau hou e kūʻē iā Covid-19. ʻEkolu ʻano o nā papahana:

Nā papahana no nā mea pale mūhune no ka pale ʻana i ka passive
ʻO nā papahana e kū nei i nā wā mua no nā lāʻau antiviral
Nā papahana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea hana kūpono

Eia kekahi mau laʻana o nā papahana mai kēia mau wahi:

Nā Antibodies no ka pale ʻana i ka passive

ʻO kekahi o nā hana kahiko o ka lāʻau e hakakā ai i nā pathogens ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā mea maʻi me nā lāʻau ʻino mai ke serum koko o nā kānaka (a i ʻole nā holoholona) i ola i ka maʻi. ʻO ka diphtheria antiserum na Emil von Behring mai 1891 i loaʻa i kēia hopena, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe mea i ʻike e pili ana i nā mea ʻino i kēlā manawa. ʻO kekahi laʻana ʻo ka syringes no ka pale ʻana i ka passive (“vaccine passive”) o ka poʻe i hiki ke maʻi ʻia me ka tetanus no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou i wili iā ia I kēia mau lā, ua hōʻike ʻia kekahi mau lāʻau anti-antibody i loaʻa i loko o nā lāʻau lapaʻau he maikaʻi loa i nā noi ʻana.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā papahana no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lāʻau hou e kūʻē iā SARS-CoV-2 no laila e nānā i ka serum koko o nā mea maʻi Covid 19 ma mua, ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "convalescent serum". ʻO ka manaolana e hiki i kekahi o nā mea ʻino i loaʻa ke hāʻawi iā SARS-CoV-2 hiki ʻole ke hana hou i loko o ke kino.

Ukali ʻia kēia kumu kūpono e kahi papahana e ka hui Takeda: Ma loko o ke ana o ka TAK-888 papahana, ʻo ka pahuhopu ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hoʻohuihui antibody mai ka plasma o ke koko o ka poʻe i ola mai Covid-19 (a i ʻole ma hope mai ka poʻe i hana ʻia me vaccine iā Covid-19). Kapa ʻia kēlā ʻano hui anti-SARS-CoV-2 polyclonal hyperimmune globulin (H-IG) ; ka lapaʻau me ka "passive immunization".

ʻO nā hui ʻē aʻe a me nā pūʻulu noiʻi i ka honua e ukali pū kekahi i kēia manaʻo kumu, akā e hele i kahi ʻanuʻu hou aʻe e pili ana i ka biotechnology: Hoʻomaka pū lākou me ka serum convalescent, akā e koho i nā antibodies kūpono a laila "kope" iā lākou me nā ʻano biotechnical e hana i lāʻau lāʻau. Ke alualu ʻia nei kekahi o kēia mau papahana e ka Sweden Karolinska Institute. Ua hoʻolaha aku kekahi hui, ʻo AbCellera lāua ʻo Lilly, i loko o nā mahina ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoi aku o 500 mau antibodies i loaʻa e hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomohala i kahi lāʻau i hiki ke hoʻāʻo ʻia i nā mea maʻi. Eia pū kekahi ʻo AstraZeneca (UK), Celltrion (Kōlea Hema) a (e like me nā hōʻike pāpāho) Ke hana nei ʻo Boehringer Ingelheim a me ka German Center for Infection Research (DZIF) e hoʻomohala i kahi lāʻau i kēia ala.

ʻO kahi consortium o nā keʻena noiʻi ma USA e hele i kahi ʻanuʻu aʻe ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka DARPA Pandemic Preparedness Platform. I ka hopena, ʻaʻole pono i kā lākou lāʻau i loko o nā kope o nā antibodies ʻoi loa mai ka plasma convalescent ponoʻī, akā ma kahi o nā genes nona - ma ke ʻano o ka mRNA. ʻO kēlā me kēia mea i ʻino ʻia me kēia mRNA e hana i nā mea ʻino iā lākou iho i loko o kona kino no kekahi manawa a pale ʻia. ʻO ka maikaʻi o kēia kaʻina hana: Hiki paha ke hana i nā nui o nā lāʻau lāʻau i ka wikiwiki ma mua o ka hana ʻana i nā antibodies biotechnologically. ʻO ka maikaʻi ʻole: I kēia manawa, ʻaʻohe lāʻau ʻē aʻe e like me kēia. Alakaʻi ʻia ka papahana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e James Crowe, Ke Kulanui ʻo Vanderbilt, Tennessee, i loaʻa ka makana Future Insight mai ka hui Kelemania ʻo Merck ma 2019 no kāna hana paionia ma kēia kahua.

Hoʻololi nā papahana he nui no nā lāʻau hou i ke ʻano o ka "convalescent serum". Pela ʻo Vir Biotechnology ma mua nā mea ʻino mai ke serum koko o nā mea maʻi ua loaʻa hou mai kahi maʻi SARS o 2003. Ke nānā nei ka hui me nā keʻena o US NIH a me NIAID inā hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopau i ka hoʻonui ʻana o SARS-CoV-2. Ke hui pū nei ʻo Vir Biotechnology me ka hui US Biogen a me ka hui Kina ʻo WuXi Biologics no ka hana biotechnological o nā "kope" o kēia mau antibodies.

Ua hoʻāʻo pū kekahi ka ʻepekema mai ke Kulanui o Utrecht (Netherlands) i nā mea ʻāpala mai ke serum koko o nā convalescents SARS mai ka makahiki 2003. Ua loaʻa iā lākou kahi lāʻau ʻino e hiki ke pale i ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka SARS-CoV-2 i ka moʻomeheu. E ho'āʻo hou ʻia i kēia manawa. ʻO Regeneron ʻo ke holo nei i kahi papahana like: Ke hoʻāʻo nei ka ʻoihana i kahi lāʻau me nā ntibodies monoclonal REGN3048 a REGN3051 i kahi pae aʻu e hoʻopaʻa nei me nā mea manawaleʻa. Ua hoʻomohala ʻia kēia mau mea ʻino e mālama ai i ka MERS coronavirus, e pili ana me SARS-CoV-2. ʻO nā papahana e kū nei i nā wā mua no nā lāʻau antiviral Ke ʻimi nei kahi hui noiʻi ma ke Kulanui o Lübeck i kahi ala ʻē aʻe

Ke hoʻomohala nei i nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo alpha-ketoamides ma ke ʻano he agiviral agents e kūʻē iā corona a me enteroviruses (nā kuleana o ka waha popopo i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe). I nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua, nā mea hoʻokolohua hou e kāohi i ka hoʻonui ʻana o kēia mau virus. ʻO kekahi o lākou, i kapa ʻia ʻo "13b", optimized against corona virus. I kēia manawa e hoʻāʻo ʻia i nā moʻomeheu pūnaewele a me nā holoholona a, inā loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi, e hoʻāʻo ʻia i nā noi me nā kānaka pū me kahi ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO nā papahana hoʻomohala lāʻau hou

Ua hui pū kekahi mau ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau nui e hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou (e like me nā lāʻau āpau a me nā diagnostics) e kūʻē iā Covid-19. I kahi hana mua, e hoʻolako lākou i kā lākou mau hōʻiliʻili o nā mole i loaʻa, kahi e loaʻa ai kekahi ʻikepili e pili ana i ka palekana a me ke ʻano o ka hana. ʻO kēia mau mea e hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka hale ʻo "Covid-19 Therapeutics Accelerator" i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka Gates Foundation, Wellcome a me Mastercard. No nā mole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia e like me ka hoʻohiki ʻana, pono e hoʻomaka i nā hoʻokolohua me nā holoholona i loko o ʻelua mau mahina. ʻO ka hui o nā hui pū me BD, bioMérieux, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Eisai, Eli Lilly, Gileada, GSK, Janssen (Johnson & Johnson), MSD, Merck, Novartis, Pfizer a me Sanofi.

Ke alualu nei nā ʻoihana i kahi hoʻolālā ʻokoʻaVir Pharmaceuticals a me Alnylam Pharmaceuticals. Ua hoʻolaha aku ʻoe e hoʻomohala i nā mea i kapa ʻia he siRNA e kāohi ana i ka maʻi ma o ka hoʻōki ʻana i kekahi o kāna mau ʻāpana i ka hana. Kapa ʻia ke ala e pili ana i ka gen silencing.

Pehea ka wikiwiki?

Pono e nānā i kēlā me kēia lāʻau e ʻike inā kūpono ia no ka mālama ʻana i nā poʻe me Covid-19. Pili kēia i nā lāʻau i ʻae ʻia i ʻae ʻia no nā mea maʻi ʻē aʻe a i hoʻokolokolo nui ʻia paha. Hiki i nā luna hoʻomalu ke hoʻohana i nā hopena e hoʻāʻo i kēlā me kēia lāʻau no ka pono, ke ahonui a me ka maikaʻi ʻenehana. Eia naʻe, ua hōʻailona nā luna hoʻomalu e hana mua lākou i nā kaʻina ʻae ʻelua no nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua a me nā kaʻina hana ʻae no nā lāʻau i hoʻāʻo maikaʻi. E hiki nō i nā ʻoihana ke waiho i nā noi i ʻae ʻia "mokuna ma ka mokuna", kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka loiloi e nā luna.

Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻike a me nā kumuwaiwai e hiki ai ke lawe i nā ʻoihana e hoʻomohala nei a kūʻai aku i ka lāʻau no nā makahiki he mea nui ia no ke ala wikiwiki i ka lāʻau kūpono i ka mālama maʻi. ʻO kahi laʻana, ua hāʻawi ka ʻoihana Pfizer e hāʻawi i kāna ʻike ākea me nā noiʻi, nā kaʻina ʻae a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaʻina hana a me ka hiki ke hana me ka hui pū me nā ʻoihana liʻiliʻi e hoʻomohala i nā lāʻau corona. E hana pū ka ʻoihana i nā ʻano hana keʻena hoʻokolohua āna i hoʻomohala ai no kāna noiʻi corona ponoʻī i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia mea ma kahi "kumu wehe".