He leo kāhea no nā aupuni Caribbean e ʻauhau hou aku i ka ʻāpana hoʻokele a me ka emi o ka nui o ka poʻe ʻauhau ʻauhau

na Robert MacLellan, Luna Hoʻokele, MacLellan & Associates

Hiki ke hilinaʻi i ka mākaʻikaʻi Caribbean aʻo nā aupuni i kekahi mea mai nā ʻāina hana ʻaila? I ka wā i ʻimi ai nā aupuni mea ʻaila liʻiliʻi a maikaʻi ʻole e kiʻi i ke kumu kūʻai kūpono no ka aila - ʻo kā lākou kumu nui o ka loaʻa kālā o ka ʻāina - ua hui pū lākou e kūkākūkā maikaʻi me nā hui aila lehulehu a me nā ʻāina ulu nui, ʻo ia ka poʻe kūʻai nui. ko lakou aila. I ka makahiki 1960, hui pū ʻelima o kēia mau ʻāina e loaʻa iā OPEC - ka Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries - a ua hui pū ʻia me ʻeiwa mau mokuʻāina ʻē aʻe. Ma muli o ko lākou mana kūʻai ikaika, ua piʻi mālie nā kumukūʻai aila mai US $ 1.63 no ka barela i ka makahiki 1960 a i ka awelika ma kahi o US $ 77 i nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala.

ʻO ke kūlana kūkākūkā nāwaliwali o kēlā me kēia aupuni Karipiano e kūʻē i nā hui moku holo moana nui, pili i nā ʻauhau awa, ua like ia me ke kūlana o OPEC he kanaono makahiki i hala aku nei a ʻo ka hoʻolālā like ʻole "rebalancing" pono e hahai ʻia i ka Caribbean. Inā hui pū nā aupuni ma ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa, me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a hoʻokumu i ka OTEC - ka Organization of Tourism Economy Countries - hiki iā lākou ke kūkākūkā ma ke ʻano he cartel mai kahi kūlana ʻoi aku ka ikaika me nā laina holo moana. I kēia manawa, ke hoʻāʻo nei kēlā me kēia ʻāina e hoʻonui i nā ʻauhau awa, hoʻoweliweli ʻia lākou e hoʻokuʻu ʻia mai nā huakaʻi holo moana a hiki ke koho ʻia e nā laina holo moana ikaika.

Mai kahi kūlana kūʻai maikaʻi aʻe, ua kūkākūkā mua nā mokuʻāina a i ʻole nā ​​aupuni aupuni me nā huakaʻi holo moku hoʻokahi - Alaska, Bermuda a me Hawaiʻi. moku peʻa ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ke awa ma mua o nā mea ma ka ʻāina ʻo Caribbean. Noho nā moku holo moku i ʻelua pō ma Bermuda a uku ma ka liʻiliʻi o US $50 no kēlā me kēia mea holo. No nā huakaʻi holo moku ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada, ʻo ka awelika o 33% o ke kumukūʻai tiketi holo moku e hele i nā ʻauhau awa, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka awelika 14% no kahi huakaʻi Caribbean. Ma ke kūkākūkā pū ʻana, hiki i nā aupuni ma ka moku Karipiana Nui ke hoʻokō i nā hopena like me kēia mau wahi me nā ʻauhau awa kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO kahi ʻōlelo hou mai ke Aupuni Antigua & Barbuda i hōʻuluʻulu i ka mōʻaukala a me ke kūlana o kēia manawa o nā ʻauhau moku holo moku, penei. I ka makahiki 1993, ua ʻae mua nā ʻāina ʻo Caricom e kau i ka ʻauhau poʻo nui he $10 no nā poʻe holo moku holo moana akā ʻaʻole i hoʻokō ʻia kēia ma muli o nā kuʻikahi kūloko. ʻO ke ʻano o nā ʻauhau poʻo o kēia lā ma ka Caribbean penei: US$18 – The Bahamas and The British Virgin Islands, US$15 – Jamaica, US$13.25 – Puerto Rico, US$7 – Belize, US$6 – St Kitts & Nevis, US$5 – St Lucia, US$4.50 – Grenada, US$1.50 – Dominican Republic.

E noʻonoʻo i ka pōmaikaʻi hoʻokele waiwai, inā hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia kēia mau ʻauhau holo moku a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma ka ʻāina ma nā pae kiʻekiʻe i helu ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kekahi pilikia kūpono a me kēia manawa - hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia nā ʻauhau mokulele kiʻekiʻe o ka lani a me nā ʻauhau ea ma ka ʻāina e kōkua i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka nui o nā malihini kipa ma ka Caribbean.

ʻO ka poʻe huakaʻi noho, inā ʻokoʻa a i ʻole ma waho o ka Caribbean, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻolimalima ʻana ma mua o ka poʻe holo moku holo moku a hoʻonui i ka ʻoihana kūloko ma mua o ke ʻano ʻoihana moku holo moku i kēia manawa, ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā ʻāina Caribbean. ʻO ka hoʻonui ʻia ʻana o ka poʻe malihini kipa e hoʻoikaika i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā hōkele a me nā marinas, a me nā ʻano ʻano waiwai ʻē aʻe a me nā ʻoihana hoʻokele hoʻokele. Hoʻemi ʻia nā kumukūʻai tiketi ea e mālama i nā mokulele intra-regional, e like me LIAT, lele a hoʻonui i ka helu o nā noho mokulele i nā huakaʻi Caribbean mai ke koena o ka honua.

Ua loli nui ka ʻoihana ʻoihana holo moku i nā makahiki he ʻumikumamālima i hala a ʻaʻole pono e nānā hou ʻia he "hoa" kūpono no nā ʻāina o ka Caribbean. Ke ulu nei ka manaʻo ma nā mokupuni me ka nui o nā moku holo moku, e like me St Thomas a me Sint Maarten, ʻaʻole i lawa nā ʻauhau awa o kēia lā no ka piha ʻana o nā wahi o ke kūlanakauhale, ka haumia mai ke ahi ʻana i ka aila kaumaha a me ka liʻiliʻi loa. e hoʻolilo i uka o ka poʻe holo moku holo moku o kēia lā. Loaʻa i nā moku mega nā hale kūʻai he nui, nā casinos, nā hale ʻaina a me nā kaola e hāʻawi ana i nā pūʻulu komo āpau e hoʻohuli i nā poʻe kaʻa mai ka hoʻolimalima ʻana i uka. I nā makahiki he iwakālua i hala iho nei, ua piʻi aʻe nā komisina o nā moku ma nā huakaʻi kahakai mai ka 10% a i ka 50%, e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ana i nā poʻe holo kaʻa mai ka holo ʻana i uka a me ka ʻoki ʻana i nā palena waiwai no nā mea hoʻokele kaʻahele kūloko. I kēia lā, ʻoi aku ma mua o 80% o ka hoʻolilo ʻo DISCRETIONARY o ka mea holo moku holo moku ma luna o ka moku.

ʻO ka hapa nui o nā moku holo moana e hauʻoli i ka manawa kiʻekiʻe ʻelua - ʻo Caribbean no ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ʻeono mahina a me ke koena o ka makahiki ma Alaska a i ʻole ke Kaiwaenahonua - e hana ana me ka ʻole o ka ʻauhau ʻoihana a me nā bila uku haʻahaʻa loa. ʻO nā moku nui loa ke kumu kūʻai ma lalo o US $ 300,000 no ke kaʻa e kūkulu ai, aʻo nā lumi hōkele hou ma ka Caribbean e uku pālua i kēlā helu no ka lumi e kūkulu ai a hoʻokahi wale nō kau kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ke kumu hoʻokūkū hoʻokūkū nui o ka moku holo moku a me ka ulu hou ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi holo moana ma ka ʻāina ma ke ʻano he kumu ʻole no ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana a me ka hoʻopukapuka hou ʻana i ka Caribbean.

ʻO ka nui o nā poʻe holo moku holo moku ma mua o 27 miliona ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i 2018, ma kahi o 10% mai ʻelua mau makahiki ma mua. I nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana, manaʻo ʻia he 106 mau moku hou e komo i ka lawelawe a, i kēia manawa, ʻoi aku ma luna o 50% o nā ʻauwaʻa holo moana o ka honua i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka Caribbean no ka hoʻoilo. Hiki i ka ʻoihana holo moku waiwai nui ke loaʻa i nā ʻauhau awa kiʻekiʻe ma ka Caribbean a e hana ʻo ia, i ka wā e kū ana me kahi hui kūkākūkā ikaika.

Mai manaʻoʻiʻo i nā ʻōlelo hoʻoweliweli e hiki iā lākou ke huki i waho o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka Caribbean wale nō ka pae ʻāina me ka nani maoli a me nā ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi koʻikoʻi, aia ma waena o nā mākeke holo moana feeder i hoʻokumu ʻia o ʻAmelika ʻAmelika a me ʻEulopa a me ka mākeke hānai ulu o ʻAmelika Hema.

ʻAʻole anei i maopopo loa i kēia manawa, aia ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, aia kahi manaʻo kūpono e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kaumaha ʻauhau ma waena o ka malihini kipa o ka Caribbean a me ka mea holo moku holo moku?