Ua ʻike ka ʻoihana hōkele i nā mea hoʻolaha maikaʻi a me nā mea kūʻai aku akā ʻaʻohe mea like me Ralph Hitz. ʻO kāna mau ʻōlelo punahele ʻelua "E hoʻokaʻaʻike aku iā lākou" a me "E hāʻawi iā lākou i ka walue a loaʻa iā ʻoe ka wolume", i ʻōlelo ʻia ma kāna leo Viennese mānoanoa, he kī ia i kāna ʻoihana ʻoihana. A ua hana.
ʻAʻole kūlana ʻo Hitz me nā hotelmen nui ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano ua kūkulu ʻo ia i aupuni a haʻalele paha i kahi waiwai. ʻAʻole ʻo ia i hana. ʻO kona manawa i ka limelight he 10 mau makahiki wale nō, kahi manawa i ka wā i haʻahaʻa ai ka ʻoihana hōkele ma ka mōʻaukala ʻAmelika. He mea kūʻai a hoʻolaha ʻo Hitz, hiki iā ia ke lawe i nā hōkele maʻi a wānana i loko o kekahi mau kālā i ke ʻano o kā lākou kūʻai ʻana a me ka loaʻa kālā a laila hana i nā kūʻai āna i wānana ai.
Ua hānau ʻia ma Vienna, Austria, i ka lā 1 o Malaki, 1891, holo ʻo Hitz mai ka home ʻekolu lā ma hope o ka hōʻea ʻana o kona ʻohana i New York i ka makahiki 1906. Ma hope o kona hoʻomaka ʻana ma ke ʻano he kaʻa kaʻa, ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā makahiki ʻeiwa e hana ana ma nā hale ʻaina a me nā hōkele a puni ka lāhui. a laila komo i ka hoʻokele hōkele. I ka makahiki 1927, ua lilo ʻo Hitz i luna o ka Hotel Gilson ma Cincinnati kahi āna i hoʻopākolu ai i ka loaʻa kālā o ka hōkele. I ka makahiki 1930, ʻo kāna National Hotel Management Company ka laina nui loa o nā hōkele. Ma New York, ua komo ʻo The New Yorker, The Lexington a me The Belmont Plaza. Eia kekahi, ua hana ʻo ia i ka The Adolphus ma Dallas, The Netherland Plaza ma Cincinnati, The Nicollet ma Minneapolis; ʻO ka Van Cleve ma Dayton a me kekahi ma Chicago.
Ua hoʻohana ʻo ia i $20,000 (he huina nui i ka makahiki kaumaha o 1930) i ka hoʻololi ʻana i kahi mea ʻai meaʻai i hale kūʻai kope. Ua lanakila koke ka hale kūʻai kope. ʻO nā hui kūʻē i ka Name a me nā hōʻike hau he mea punahele pū me Hitz. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i ka hele maikaʻi ʻana o kāna mau hōʻikeʻike a me kāna mau hana ʻoiai inā ʻo 30% a 40% o nā malihini i ka hana mua i ka pō he "poʻo make", nā malihini uku ʻole. ʻO kāna wehewehe ʻana: "ʻO ka ʻoihana lawe mai i ka ʻoihana". ʻO ia ka mea mua, e like me kāna keiki, ʻo Ralph Hitz, Jr., i hoʻolele i ka lumi ʻaina hōkele. Eia hou kahi wehewehe maʻalahi: "ʻAi nui nā kānaka i ka wā maʻalili".
ʻO nā malihini e nānā ana i kahi hōkele a Hitz i hoʻokele ʻia me ka nānā. I ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana o kahi malihini, ua nīnau ʻia ʻo ia, "ʻO kāu kipa mua kēia?" Inā ʻo ka pane "ʻAe," ua kāhea ʻia kahi luna papahele a hoʻomaopopo ʻia. "ʻO Mr. Jones kēia i noho mua ai," a laila ua hoʻokipa maikaʻi ka luna papahele. Kahea aku ke kakauolelo o ke keena i ka bele, a me ka akahele i ka hoohana ana i ka inoa o ka malihini, hai mai la ia "E hoike aku ia Mr. Jones i ka lumi 1012." A laila ka mea hiki ʻole, "Mahalo iā ʻoe, e Mr. Jones".
I ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana o ka lumi 2,500 New Yorker Hotel e wehe, ua hoʻolimalima ʻia ʻo Hitz e hoʻokele i ka ʻoihana hou, i wehe ʻia ma Ianuali 2, 1930, he mau pule ma hope o ka hāʻule ʻana o ka mākeke kūʻai. ʻO ka hiki iā Hitz ke hoʻololi i ka loaʻa kālā i ka wā Depression i alakaʻi i ka mea paʻa moraki o ka hōkele, Manufacturers Trust, e hoʻolimalima iā ia e hana i kāna mau hōkele. I ka makahiki 1932, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka National Hotel Management Company me Hitz ka pelekikena.
Ua ʻimi ʻo Hitz i ka ʻike e pili ana i nā ʻaha kūkā makahiki no 3,000 hui, hoʻouna ʻia i kēlā me kēia pule i kēlā me kēia pule o kāna mau hōkele, a ua hoʻopio ʻo ia e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā ʻaha kūkā ma nā kūlanakauhale ʻehiku kahi i kū ai nā hōkele NHM. Ua ʻike ʻo Hitz i ke koʻikoʻi o ka mālama ʻana i kāna poʻe limahana i ka hauʻoli, uku i ka uku hoʻokūkū, hoʻouna i nā makana i nā manawa kūikawā, a pale i nā hana a kekahi limahana me ka liʻiliʻi o ʻelima mau makahiki o ka lawelawe. ʻO Hitz ka luna mua i hana i kahi waihona mea kūʻai. I nā lā ma mua o nā kamepiula, mālama ʻo Hitz i nā waihona waihona me ka ʻike e pili ana i nā makemake o nā tausani o nā malihini. Ma waena o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻikepili, ʻo ia ke kauoha ʻana i nā nūpepa mai ke kūlanakauhale hānau o kahi malihini, e hāʻawi ʻia i ko lākou mau lumi.
ʻO kekahi manaʻo ʻē aʻe ʻo Hitz he ʻōnaehana lekiō kaapuni, e like me nā kīwī i loko o ka hale ma nā hōkele hou, e hoʻolaha i nā lawelawe ma kēlā me kēia o kāna mau hōkele. Pono ka malihini e hoʻololi i ka lekiō e aʻo ai e pili ana i ka leʻaleʻa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ke ahiahi a me nā menus o ka lā. Ma nā lumi ʻaina hōkele, ua hoʻolimalima ʻo Hitz i kahi chef kūikawā (i kapa ʻia ʻo "Tony") e hana i ka cafe Diablo a me Crêpes Suzette, a e kūʻai aku i ka meaʻai no 50 keneta.
I loko o ke kaʻina hana hoʻopaʻa inoa, ua hoʻohana ʻia ka huaʻōlelo i aloha nui ʻia e ka malihini, ʻo kona inoa, ʻekolu mau manawa. Ua aʻo ʻia ke kanaka bele e ʻōlelo, "Ke kali nei ʻoe i ka leka a i ʻole ka telegrama, e Mr. Jones?" Ma hope mai, haʻi aku ka bele i ka lono maikaʻi i ka mea hoʻokele elevator e kū ana ʻo Mr. Jones ma ka hōkele. "Paena umi, no Mr. Jones." ʻAʻole i pau kēia mele ʻē aʻe o ka inoa a hiki i ka hoʻokipa ʻana o ka malihini i loko o kona lumi. Ma ke ala no ka lumi, ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia ke kākau ʻōlelo papahele ma ka ʻoiaʻiʻo ua hiki mai ʻo Mr. Lawe ka bele i ke kī me "Helu 12 no Mr. Jones". I ka manawa i loko o ka lumi, ua wikiwiki ka bele e wehe i ka ʻaʻahu a me ka pāpale o ka malihini, e wehe ana i kāna mau ukana inā makemake ʻo ia, e wehewehe ana i ka Servidor, nā hale holoi lole a me nā mea lawelawe. ʻO ka hope: "Mr. Jones, hiki iaʻu ke lawelawe hou aku?" I keia manawa, ua manao aloha o Mr. Jones ia Mr. Hitz a me ka hotele. Hiki i kahi malihini noho mua ke manaʻo hou aku i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻulaʻula: i kekahi mau manawa ma hope o kona noho ʻana i loko o kona lumi, ua kāhea ʻia ʻo ia e ka Hale Hoʻokipa a me ka noiʻi noiʻi i hana ʻia e ʻike inā "Hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi mea e hana ai i kāu. noho mālie.
ʻO kahi malihini i kū ma kahi hōkele ʻo Hitz he 100 mau manawa i lilo i lālā o ka Century Club, ua kahakaha ʻia kona inoa i ke gula ma kahi puke makana. Ua hoʻomaka ʻo EM Statler i ka manaʻo e hoʻoheheʻe i ka nūpepa o kēlā me kēia lā ma lalo o ka puka o ka lumi hoʻokipa. "Hoʻomaikaʻi o ka hoʻokele". Ua hele ʻo Hitz i kahi ʻanuʻu a hāʻawi i kahi nūpepa kamaʻāina no ka malihini (inā ua hele mai ʻo ia mai kekahi o nā kūlanakauhale kahi i loaʻa ai ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana o ka hōkele).
Hāʻawi ʻia ka poʻe kiʻekiʻe me nā moena ʻehiku kapuaʻi. Ua hoʻouna ʻia nā mākua me nā keiki i kahi leka a nā keiki kūikawā ma hope koke o ke kau inoa ʻana. Ua kipa ponoʻia nā poʻe maʻi e nā luna papahele. Ua hoʻouna ʻia nā malihini e haʻalele ana i ka huakaʻi moana. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapa nui o nā hōkele e koi ana i nā malihini me ka ʻole o ka ukana e uku ma mua, ua hāʻawi ʻia kahi malihini ʻaʻohe ukana ma kahi hōkele ʻo Hitz me kahi pahu pō e loaʻa ai nā pajama, nā pulupulu niho, nā niho niho a me nā mea kohu.
Ua aʻo ʻia nā mea a pau ma nā hōkele ʻo Hitz a ua manaʻo ʻia e lilo i mea kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻouna ʻia nā kākau ʻōlelo lumi ma waho o ka ʻāina no hoʻokahi mahina a ʻoi aku paha i kēlā me kēia makahiki e kiʻi i ka ʻoihana a kamaʻāina mua i kā lākou mea kūʻai aku. Ua manaʻo ʻia he kanaka Hitz e hāʻawi i kāna mau mea a pau no ka hōkele, a ua manaʻo ʻia e kelepona nā kākāʻōlelo lumi i loko o ko lākou kūlanakauhale ponoʻī i ko lākou mau hola hoʻomaha. No ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻokō, mālama kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai aku i kahi kāleka faila ma kēlā me kēia manaʻo a ʻike i ka manawa o ka ʻaelike. Ua hoʻolimalima ʻo Hitz i kahi mokulele 7-pāpaʻa e kūʻai-blitz i nā kūlanakauhale āpau o 100,000 a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka heluna kanaka.
Ua hoʻomau ke kūʻai aku i nā manawa a pau e noho ana ka malihini ma ka hōkele. Inā wehe ʻo ia i ka puka keʻena keʻena, aia ka nānā ʻana iā ia ma ka maka he palapala hoʻolaha i kekahi o nā lawelawe hōkele a i ʻole kahi lumi ʻaina. ʻO nā aniani i loko o nā keʻena lāʻau ʻauʻau i mālama ʻia i nā hoʻolaha. Inā noho ka malihini ma luna o kahi moe e hoʻolohe i ka lekiō, aia nō ʻo ia i loko o ka leo leo o ka haku kūʻai. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka lekiō i nā manawa i hoʻonohonoho ʻia i mea e hoʻonani ʻia ai nā lawelawe hōkele a kāhea ʻia i ka manaʻo o ka malihini.
Ma ka hola 8:00 AM, hoʻomaka ka ʻōnaehana radio me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka ʻaina kakahiaka; ma ka hora 12 awakea o ka la o ka paina awakea me na kumu kuai; i ka hola 6:00 PM, ua aʻo ka malihini e pili ana i ka hui hula kupanaha e pāʻani nei i loko o ka lumi ʻaina; i ka hola 7:00 PM, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻekolu mau minuke i kahi kamaʻilio liʻiliʻi i hana ʻia e ka luna hoʻolaha i haʻi e pili ana i nā malihini hoihoi a me nā hanana o ia lā. ʻO ka hope loa, i ke aumoe, ua hōʻike ʻia ka lawelawe valet, ka holoi lole a i ʻole kekahi lawelawe hōkele ʻē aʻe, a hiki i ka malihini ke hiamoe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo me nā huaʻōlelo, "Goodnight ma ka inoa o ka hoʻokele a me nā limahana holoʻokoʻa."
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo Hitz ʻo ia ka mea mua i hoʻomohala a hoʻohana i ka mōʻaukala malihini. ʻO Cesar Ritz, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia, ua hoʻouna ʻo ia i nā leka pilikino i kāna mau hōkele e wehewehe ana i nā idiosyncracies, a me nā makemake kūikawā a me nā makemake ʻole o kāna mau malihini. Ua hōʻiliʻili ʻo Hitz i ka ʻike āna i makemake ai i kēlā me kēia malihini a hoʻonohonoho i kahi keʻena mōʻaukala malihini. ʻO kēia keʻena, i mālama ʻia e kekahi limahana kaʻawale, mālama i nā moʻolelo malihini a hahai i ka ʻōnaehana Hitz o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka malihini i ka hōkele.
Ua hana maʻamau ka ʻōnaehana i ka ʻohi ʻana i ka lā hānau o kēlā me kēia malihini a me ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka male ʻana, kona kūlana hōʻaiʻē a me nā ʻike ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka hōkele. ʻO ka maʻamau nō hoʻi ka hoʻouna ʻana i leka i nā malihini a pau i ka manawa mua, i kēlā me kēia malihini i kū i ka hōkele i iwakāluakūmālima manawa, kanalima manawa a hoʻokahi haneli.
Ma ke kanalima kipa, ua loa'a i ka malihini kahi suite ho'omaika'i. Me ka hele ʻana he haneli ua hoʻouna ʻia kahi makana kūpono me kahi leka. Aloha lā hānau a me ka hoʻolauleʻa makahiki male i nā malihini maʻamau a pau. Hōʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona kala ma nā kāleka hoʻopaʻa inoa inā ʻaʻole hoʻolaha ʻia, inā makemake ʻole ke kanaka a ʻaʻole hoʻokipa ʻia a i ʻole he kānalua ka helu i hāʻawi ʻia.
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē kūikawā no nā poʻe koʻikoʻi i ka hōkele e ka hoʻokele Hitz. Ua hāʻawi aku ʻo Statler i nā kāleka gula i kāna mau hoaaloha i hāʻawi iā lākou i ka maikaʻi o ka lawelawe a me ka noho ʻana. Ua hāʻawi pū ʻo Hitz i kahi Kāleka Kāleka gula i nā poʻe i hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ka ʻaha kūkā a i ʻole nā ʻoihana hui ʻē aʻe.
I kēlā me kēia manawa i nānā aku ka mea paʻa Kāleka gula i loko o ka hōkele, ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ʻo ia i nā ʻoluʻolu kūikawā a ua ʻoluʻolu ʻo ia e hoʻomāʻewaʻewa i ka wahine a me nā mea kūʻai aku me kahi hōʻaiʻē palena ʻole. Pēlā nō hoʻi nā "Star", nā poʻe i manaʻo nui i ka manaʻo no kekahi kumu.
Loaʻa iā Hitz kahi ʻōnaehana no nā mea āpau. Inā he pēpē kā kekahi o kāna mau limahana, loaʻa iā ia kahi puke waihona kālā me kahi waihona kālā $5.00. No nā māhoe, ua loaʻa i nā limahana he $25.00, a inā loaʻa nā triplets, $100.00.
Ua aʻo ʻia nā mea lawelawe ʻaʻole e nīnau i nā malihini "Makemake paha ʻoe i ka pata?" akā mau, "makemake ʻoe i ka pata?" Hāʻawi ʻia ka pia ma 45°F i ka hoʻoilo, 42°F i ke kauwela. Inā ho'āʻo kekahi kanaka makemake ʻole e hoʻopaʻa inoa ma kahi hōkele ʻo Hitz, ua mālama ʻia kēia pilikia liʻiliʻi me ka adroitness a me ka ʻoihana ʻoihana: hāʻawi ʻia lākou i nā lumi kiʻekiʻe loa.
No ka hōʻoia ʻana he maʻemaʻe maoli nā lumi hoʻokipa a ma ke ʻano maikaʻi ʻole, hele kahi luna nānā lumi manawa piha i kēlā me kēia lumi e nānā i nā mea a pau o loko o ka lumi. Ua hoʻohui ʻia kāna nānā ʻana i ka OK i kau ʻia ma luna o ka lumi e nā mea nānā mau.
Ua haʻi ʻo Hitz i ka lawelawe malihini i hoʻokō ʻia e kahi ʻōnaehana i noʻonoʻo pono ʻia. Mai kona mau lā ma ke ʻano he keiki kaʻa a me ka waiter, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻōnaehana he "hoʻonohonoho". Loaʻa iā ia kahi hoʻonohonoho no kēlā me kēia hoʻomaʻamaʻa hōkele. Ua lawelawe ʻia kahi hōkele ʻo Hitz e nā helu. Ua ʻaʻahu ʻia nā Bellmen a wili ʻia e kahi mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua o Roxy Theatre. Ua koi nui ʻo Hitz i kāna mau limahana a no ka mea he manawa ia o ke kaumaha o ka hoʻokele waiwai, ua loaʻa iā ia ka hana kiʻekiʻe. Ua uku ʻo ia i nā uku kiʻekiʻe. He $85 ka uku no ke kakauolelo lumi; Ua uku ʻo Hitz i $135. ʻO kāna mau poʻo ʻoihana ka uku kiʻekiʻe loa ma ka ʻoihana no ka mea ua ʻike ʻo ia ma o lākou e hoʻokō ʻia ai kāna mau ʻōnaehana.
ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana he ʻāpana o ka ʻano Hitz a ua hoʻohana ʻo ia e hoʻolaha iā ia iho a me kāna mau hōkele. Ma 1927, ua hāʻawi ʻia ʻo ia i ka hoʻokele o ka Cincinnati Gibson Hotel e loaʻa ana nā pilikia kālā. ʻAʻohe mea i ʻoi aku ka pīhoihoi ma mua o ka papa alakaʻi i ka wā i hoʻohiki ai ʻo Hitz e loaʻa $150,000 i ka loaʻa kālā i kāna makahiki mua o ka hana. Ua oi aku ka pihoihoi o na alakai mamua o ka pihoihoi ana i ka loaa ana o kona makahiki mua he $158,389.17.
Ma muli o kona hāʻawi ʻana i nā malihini i uku i nā uku maʻamau i ka lawelawe ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi e pili ana me nā uku deluxe, ua holo nui kona mau hōkele. I ka wā o ka Depression, i ka wā i noho ai ka hōkele ma luna o ka ʻāina ma 50% a haʻahaʻa, koi nui ʻia ka mea hana. ʻO ka poʻe panakō a me nā luna ʻinikua i komo ʻole i ka ʻoihana hōkele ma o nā moraki i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, makemake nui lākou i kāna lawelawe.
Ua hana ʻo Hitz ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana, ua hoʻolauna ʻo ia i ka standardization āpau i ka mālama hōkele. ʻO kāna mau lumi kuke he mau hiʻohiʻona maikaʻi o ka maikaʻi a me ke kūlike. Ua hoʻokomo ʻia nā mana o nā ʻano a pau a ua ukali ʻia nā hana moʻohelu holoʻokoʻa. ʻO ka loaʻa kālā mai kāna mau hale ʻai, a me nā lawelawe e like me ka valet a me ka holoi lole malihini, ua kiʻekiʻe loa ia e hoʻohilahila ai i kona mau hoa. ʻO nā mea a nā mea ʻē aʻe i hana ai, hiki iā ia ke hana maikaʻi.
He kanaka hoʻokele paʻakikī, ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia no ka noʻonoʻo wikiwiki a me ka hoʻomohala maikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻakaʻaka. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kiʻi ʻoiaʻiʻo nona, pono e ʻike kekahi iā ia e hele ana i kēlā me kēia lā i kona hale, me ka lawe nui ʻana i nā memo, a ma hope, i nā hola hoʻopaʻa inoa, e ʻike iā ia i loko o ke keʻena, he kanaka pōkole, ebullient aloha aloha hou. hōʻea mai i kāna leo Viennese aneane hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia.
Ua maʻi ʻo Hitz i ka hopena o 1939 a ua make ʻo ia i ka puʻuwai ma ka Post Graduate Hospital ma New York City ma Ianuali 12, 1940 i kona makahiki he 48. Ua mālama ʻia kona hoʻolewa ma ka Hale Pule Nui ma mua o ka ʻākoakoa ʻana o nā haneli haneli. Ua puhi ʻia ʻo ia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma Fresh Pond Crematory ma Long Island New York.
ʻO ka Ralph Hitz Memorial Scholarship, e kākoʻo i nā haumāna lae pua e aʻo ana i ka hoʻokele Hotel, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ma ʻApelila 1941 e ka Hotel Ezra Cornell ma ke kula ʻo Cornell University of Hotel Administration. Mālama ʻia a hiki i kēia lā.
ʻO ka mea kākau, ʻo Stanley Turkel, kahi mana a me ke kākā'ōlelo i ʻike ʻia ma ka ʻoihana hōkele. Hoʻohana ʻo ia i kona hōkele, hoʻokipa a me ka hana aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo loea i ka hoʻokele waiwai, nā loiloi hana a me ka maikaʻi o nā ʻaelike franchise hotel a me nā kuleana kākoʻo litigation. ʻO nā mea kūʻai aku nā mea hōkele, nā mea hoʻopukapuka a me nā ʻoihana hōʻaiʻē. ʻO kāna mau puke e pili pū ana: Nā Hōkele ʻAmelika Nui: Nā Paionia o ka ʻOhana Hotel (2009), Kūkulu ʻia E Noho Hou: 100+ Mau Hōkele Makahiki Ma NūIoka (2011), Kūkulu ʻia E Noho Hou: 100+ Mau Hōkele Makahiki Ma ka Hikina o ka Misisipi (2013 ), Hotel Mavens: Lucius M. Boomer, George C. Boldt and Oscar of the Waldorf (2014), Great American Hoteliers Volume 2: Pioneers of the Hotel Industry (2016), a me kāna puke hou loa, Built To Last: 100+ Makahiki -Old Hotels West o ka Misisipi (2017) - i loaʻa ma ka hōʻano paʻa, paperback, a me ka puke Ebook - kahi a Ian Schrager i kākau ai i ka ʻōlelo mua: "Hoʻopau kēia puke kikoʻī i ke kolamu o 182 mau moʻolelo hōkele o nā waiwai kahiko he 50 mau lumi a ʻoi paha ... Manaʻo maoli wau e pono i kēlā me kēia kula hōkele ke hoʻonohonoho i kēia mau puke a koi iā lākou e heluhelu no kā lākou mau haumāna a me nā limahana. "
Hiki ke kauoha ʻia nā puke a ka mea kākau mai ka AuthorHouse e ke kaomi maʻaneʻi.
