ʻO nā Uruguayans a me nā mea mākaʻikaʻi mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e pakele i ke koʻikoʻi o ke ola kūlanakauhale a aʻo e pili ana i ka noho ʻana ma ke kuaʻāina i nā mahiʻai waiu momona a me nā māla liʻiliʻi nani kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Colonia ma ke komohana o Uruguay, kahi i loaʻa ai nā ʻohana i kahi ola hou - a me ke ʻano o ke ola - ma " agro-ecotourism”.
ʻO nā ʻohana ma ke kūlanakauhale mahiʻai liʻiliʻi ʻo San Pedro, kokoke i ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Colonia, ua huli lākou i kēlā koho e lanakila ai i ka pilikia hoʻokele waiwai o 2002, ka mea i hoʻoweliweli e holoi i kā lākou mahiʻai mai ka palapala ʻāina.
ʻO ka wahi kahi home o nā mea mahiʻai liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā mamo a nā malihini mai Italia a me Swiss i noho i ka waena o ke kenekulia 19 ma kahi ʻāina nui o Pelekane, e hoʻopaʻa ana i nā pilina kaiāulu ma muli o ka hana ikaika a me ka mahalo i ke ʻano. .
Ua hilinaʻi wale nā ʻohana i ka mahiʻai liʻiliʻi no ko lākou ola ʻana, a hiki i ka waena o 1990s, i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai lākou e ʻike i ka hopena o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka waiwai i hoʻoikaika nui ʻia i kēlā manawa, e hoʻonui ana i ke kaʻe kaiāulu, e like me ka noiʻi " Uruguay 1998-2002: Hoʻokaʻawale kālā i ka wā pilikia", na Marisa Bucheli lāua ʻo Magdalena Furtado.
A laila hiki mai ka 2002 hoʻokele waiwai a me ke kālā hāʻule ma Uruguay, ka mea ma hope o ka hopena o ka 2001 debacle ma Argentina kokoke, e koi ana i nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi he nui ma ia wahi e koho ma waena o ka hui ʻana i ka nui o nā ʻohana e pehu nei i nā slums a puni ke kapikala, Montevideo, a me nā kūlanakauhale nui ʻē aʻe. , a i ʻole e piʻi mai ana me nā kumu waiwai hou.
No ka paʻa ʻana i ka ʻino, ua koho nā ʻohana ma San Pedro i ka koho hope.
Ua hoʻomaka nā wāhine o ke kaiāulu e hui pū no ke aʻo ʻana a me nā papa ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, kamepiula, hana hīnaʻi a me ka ulu lāʻau, ʻoiai e lawe ana i nā papa mai nā kauka a me nā psychologists.
I ka hopena o ka makahiki 1999, ua koho ka Instituto Plan Agropecuario (Agricultural Plan Institute), kahi hui lehulehu-private, "koho i kahi hui o nā wahine mai ka San Pedro Farming Cooperative (Casspe) a me nā hui ʻē aʻe a puni ka ʻāina, e hoʻokō i ka 'Participative Microplanning. ' papahana, i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻoulu i ka hoʻolālā kūloko, "i ʻōlelo ʻo Maria del Carmen Agesta, he kumu a me ka mea hana mai San Pedro, i haʻi aku iā IPS.
"Ua hoʻomaka ka ʻuhane o ka hui ikaika, me ka hoʻololi ola ʻana o nā manaʻo a me nā noiʻi," wahi a Agesta, nāna i hoʻohui i ka kamaʻilio ʻana i hāpai i ka manaʻo o ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā ʻoihana kūloko e hakakā i ka nalowale o nā hana a me ka hāʻule ʻana o ka loaʻa. e hoʻopaʻa i ka ulu ʻana o ka poʻe ʻōpio e komo i ka huakaʻi mai ke kuaʻāina a i nā kūlanakauhale.
No laila i puka mai ai ka Rural Tourism Group (Grutur), i hana ʻia i kēia lā o ka Vivero Yatay - kahi kahu hānai a me ka paka o nā mea kanu maoli - ke kahua hoʻomoana ʻo Parque Brisas del Plata, ka mahiʻai 'Los Tres Botones', kahi e holo ai nā malihini ma luna o ka lio. a i ʻole i loko o ke kaʻa a ʻai i nā meaʻai maʻamau ma lalo o ka lani uliuli, a me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Tourn, kahi i loaʻa nā mea hana kahiko a me nā mīkini mahiʻai i hana ʻia e ka Tourns, he ʻohana o nā malihini Italia.
Hoʻokomo pū ʻia i ka ecotourism ma San Pedro, ʻoiai ʻaʻole lākou he ʻāpana o Grutur, ʻo ka Villa Celina, kahi mahiʻai waiu e ulu pū ana i nā mea kanu, a me San Nicols, nāna e hāʻawi i ka holo lio.
Ua hoʻohui hou ʻia kēia ʻano ākea o nā hale mākaʻikaʻi kuaʻāina i ka hiki ke hoʻolimalima i nā hale noho ma kuaʻāina.
I ka makahiki 2002, ua mālama ʻo Grutur i ka "Fiesta del Campo", he ʻahaʻaina kuaʻāina a ʻahaʻaina paha, ma San Pedro e hōʻike i nā mea hoihoi a me nā huahana. I ka makahiki 2004, ua mālama ʻia ka ʻaha ma Colonia del Sacramento, ke kapikala o ka panalāʻau o Colonia, ma lalo o ke kumumanaʻo "ʻo ka ʻāina ka hoʻoilina o ke kanaka," kahi kuhikuhi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kūlanakauhale colonial he UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Ke hoʻi nei i ko mākou aʻa
ʻO ka mākaʻikaʻi kuaʻāina, hāʻawi ʻia e nā māla nui a me nā mahiʻai liʻiliʻi a liʻiliʻi e like me kā San Pedro, ua lawe ʻia ma Uruguay i ka makahiki 2002 ma ke ʻano he ʻokoʻa no ka pilikia, a ua lilo i kēia lā i kumu nui o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ma kēia ʻāina ʻAmelika Hema. ʻO 3.3 miliona i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma waena o Argentina a me Brazil.
ʻO ke kiʻi nui no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ma Uruguay, ʻo ia ka mea nui mai Argentina, akā mai Brazil hoʻi, Chile a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o 700 km o nā kahakai one ākea ma ka Rio de la Plata a me ka Moana ʻAkelanika.
ʻO ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi o Uruguay i kēia manawa he hoʻokahi piliona kālā i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ʻoiai ʻo ia ka hāʻawi ʻana i 50,000 mau hana pololei a ʻoi aku ma mua o 120,000 mau hana kūʻokoʻa, e pili ana i kahi kumu hoʻokele waiwai e mahalo i ke kaiapuni a me ka moʻomeheu kūloko.
Ke hoʻolālā nei ka Ministry of Tourism, i hui pū me nā aupuni o nā panalāʻau 19 o ka ʻāina, i kahi hoʻolālā hoʻomohala no ka manawa 2009-2020 kahi e pōmaikaʻi ai nā kamaʻāina kūloko mai ka mākaʻikaʻi ma o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumu waiwai kūlohelohe.
ʻO kahi hana nui o ka papahana e hoʻokani ʻia e ka mākaʻikaʻi kuaʻāina, kahi e hiki ai i nā malihini ke nānā a komo i ka hana ma nā mahiʻai a me nā hana holoholona, ka holo lio ma nā kuaʻāina, a ʻai i nā meaʻai kuʻuna.
ʻO kekahi mea ʻē aʻe ʻo ka nānā manu, wahi a ka loea ʻo Maren Mackinnon Gonzlez, nāna i kuhikuhi he 450 mau ʻano ʻano like ʻole i hiki ke ʻike ʻia i kā lākou kaiaola ma Uruguay.
I kēia manawa, aia he 80 mau mahiʻai i hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻia ma ke kānāwai ma ka ʻāina i komo i ka ecotourism. ʻO ka 15 e kū nei a puni ʻo Colonia e huki nui i nā malihini mai ke koena o Uruguay a me Buenos Aires, aia ma waena o 45 mau minuke a ʻekolu paha hola ma ka moku, e hilinaʻi ana inā ʻoe e lawe i ka ferry wikiwiki a i ʻole ke ala ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi.
ʻO nā hale waina, nā hale hānai malihini a me nā moena a me nā ʻaina kakahiaka, a me kahi ʻāpana ʻili kahiko i lawe aku i ka ʻiliʻili a me ke one i ke kapikala ʻo Argentine a ke hāʻawi nei i nā holo i kahi locomotive kahiko i ʻāpana o ka hiʻohiʻona ecotourism.
Huihui wahine
Akā ʻo kekahi o nā hana hoihoi loa e ʻike ʻia ma San Pedro, kahi i hoʻololi ai kahi kaiāulu holoʻokoʻa iā ia iho ma ka huki pū ʻana i nā manawa pilikia.
Ma San Pedro, ʻike ʻia nā bipi e hele palaualelo ana ma ke alanui lepo; ʻO nā ʻīlio, nā lio, nā moa, a me nā holoholona pā hale ʻē aʻe e hele a puni i nā pā hale; a ʻo kekahi wahine e hoʻohana ana i ka puna lāʻau e hoʻoulu ana i kahi ipu nui o ka jam i hana ʻia ma ka home ma luna o kahi umu wahie kahiko, ma muli o kahi ʻano meaʻai i hāʻawi ʻia mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna.
"Makemake ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e noho e like me ka poʻe ma ka ʻāina," i haʻi aku ai kekahi o nā poʻo o ka Uruguayan Association of Rural Tourism (Sutur) i ka IPS. I ka hele ʻana o nā malihini ma ke alaloa 21, e zigzags ana ma ke kahakai komohana o ka ʻāina, e hōʻea i nā māla nani o San Pedro, hiki mai ka ʻōlelo a ka haku mele Uruguayan ʻo Lucio Muniz: "He mea minamina ka loaʻa ʻole o nā maka."
ʻO ka poʻe kipa ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo 60 ka nui o nā Uruguayans, 30 ka nui mai Argentina a ʻo ke koena mai nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe, ʻEulopa a i ʻole ʻAmelika ʻĀkau.
Ma "Los Tres Botones", hōʻike haʻaheo ka mea nona kāna māla pua a hāʻawi i nā mea ʻono i hana ʻia i ka home, ʻoiai hiki i nā malihini ke nānā i nā hula kuʻuna o Uruguayan i hana ʻia e kahi hui.
Ma "Villa Celina" hiki i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ke kūʻai aku i 22 ʻano like ʻole o nā jams homemade a me nā mālama mālama e lawe ana i ka hōʻailona "Las Sanpedrinas", a hōʻike ʻia iā lākou ʻelua mau kī nui "e hōʻike ana i ke kumu o ka ʻāina Pelekane kahiko," e like me ka wehewehe ʻana ʻo Miriam Rigo iā IPS.
Ma ka mahiʻai, aia nā mākaʻikaʻi o nā māla mea kanu organik, nā kamaʻilio e pili ana i nā ʻike paleontological e nui ana ma nā kahakai kokoke a me nā awāwa o Rio de la Plata, a kipa aku i ka hale waiu o ka mahiʻai, kahi e hiki ai iā lākou ke nānā i ka waiu ʻana o nā bipi.
ʻO "Villa Celina", i kēia manawa, ʻo ia wale nō ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ka ecotourism kūloko e mālama i ka ʻikepili systematic i ka helu o nā malihini e loaʻa iā ia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Hōʻike nā moʻolelo mai ke kauwela hema o 2008-2009 ua kipa ʻia e 1,500 mau mākaʻikaʻi, a ua hoʻohana lākou i ka awelika o 13 mau kālā i kēlā me kēia kanaka.
Hōʻike ʻo Nury Pagalday, ma ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Tourn, i ka poʻe malihini kipa i ka hana ʻana o nā lako mahiʻai kahiko a hāʻawi i ka ʻono o ka waiʻona homemade me nā ʻono ʻē aʻe, e like me "yerba mate", kahi mea kanu lāʻau e like me ke kī ma Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay a me Brazil hema. .
ʻO Ana Berretta a me kāna kāne, ʻo lāua ʻelua agronomists, e ulu i nā ʻano pua maoli a me nā kumulāʻau i ka nursery Yatay. Ua haʻi ʻo ia iā IPS e hāʻawi lākou i nā kamaʻilio hoʻonaʻauao ma ka paka, me kāna mau kumulāʻau kahiko a me nā lāʻau nui, pehea e pale ai iā lākou.
Ke kokoke mai nei ka pō, hoʻomaka nā kukui e ʻā ma waho o nā pā, ʻoiai ke kani ʻana o nā ʻokiki.
