ʻO Anacardium occidentale (Ao), ka lāʻau cashew maʻamau, kahi mea kanu i ʻike lōʻihi ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana lāʻau kuʻuna no kona hiki ke hoʻōla. No ka laʻana, ʻike ʻia nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kēia kumulāʻau, nā lau, ka ʻili, ka ʻanoʻano, a me ka ʻōpala, he hopena anti-diarrheal. Eia nō naʻe, he mea pohihihi ka hana pololei o ka hana.

Ua hoʻāʻo ʻo Kauka Kayode E. Adewole mai ke Kulanui o ʻEpekema Lapaʻau, Nigeria, a me nā hoa hana e hoʻokaʻawale i nā hana ma o ka noiʻi ʻana i ka hana anti-diarrheal o ka ʻili ʻili o nā kumulāʻau cashew. Ua paʻi ʻia kā lākou ʻike hoʻohiki i ka Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis.

Ma muli o nā kumu like ʻole e like me ka ʻae ʻole i ka meaʻai, nā maʻi microbial, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a me nā maʻi ʻōpū, ʻo ka maʻi ʻaʻai kahi pilikia olakino nui o ka lehulehu, a ʻo nā helu no ka make nui o nā keiki. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻike ʻia ka maʻi ma ke ʻano he hoʻonui ʻia o ka ʻōpū. No ka ʻimi ʻana i ke ʻano anti-diarrheal o ka cashew stem bark extract, ua kālele ka poʻe noiʻi i nā ala kelepona a me nā mea pāʻani molekala nui e pili ana i ka motility gut abnormal a hoʻolālā i kahi ʻano o nā hoʻokolohua e pili ana i ka lab.

Ua wehewehe ʻo Kauka Adewole, "ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ma muli o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana ʻiʻo maʻemaʻe o ka ʻōpū, ka mea maʻamau e mālama ʻia e nā ala neurophysiological ʻekolu, dopaminergic, cholinergic, a me serotonergic. No laila, ʻo kā mākou hana hoʻokolohua, ʻo ia ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka neʻe o ka ʻōpū ma kēlā me kēia ala a laila e ʻike i kahi o ia mau mea i kāohi ʻia e ka ʻili ʻili ʻōpala. Ua māhele ʻia kā mākou mau hoʻokolohua i ʻelua ʻāpana, in vivo, i alakaʻi ʻia i nā ʻiole ola, a me in vitro, i hana ʻia ma nā cell intestinal.

Hāʻawi ka hui i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻoulu ai i ka motility, ʻo ia hoʻi metoclopramide (he antagonist dopamine receptor antagonist), carbachol (he agonist acetylcholine receptor agonist), a me ke serotonin (e hoʻoulu ai i nā mea hoʻokipa serotonergic), e hoʻokaʻawale i nā pūʻulu ʻiole. ʻEkolu pūʻulu ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā lāʻau like akā ua mālama mua ʻia me ka ʻili ʻili o ka cashew stem.

Ua ʻike lākou ʻo kahi hakina ethyl acetate i hoʻomākaukau ʻia o ka extract (i kapa ʻia ʻo AoEF) ka mea i kāohi nui i ke ala cholinergic o ka ʻōpū a me ka transit gastrointestinal akā ʻaʻohe hopena i nā ala ʻelua ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻike maikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka hana o ka extract.

Ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻokolohua in vitro, ua hoʻokaʻawale ka poʻe noiʻi i nā ʻāpana mai ka ʻōpū o nā puaʻa guinea a ʻike ʻia ma kahi kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, ua hoʻomaha maikaʻi ʻo AoEF i kēia mau ʻāpana. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ma nā ʻāpana i mālama mua ʻia me AoEF a laila mālama ʻia me nā molekele prokinetic e like me histamine, serotonin, a me acetylcholine.

Eia hou, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka chromatography-mass spectroscopy, ua ʻike ka hui i 24 mau mea i loaʻa ma AoEF. Ua hōʻike ʻia nā haʻawina e pili ana i ka bioinformatics ma waena o kēia mau pūhui, ʻo ka octadecanoic acid 2-(2-hydroxylethoxy)ethyl ester ka mea paʻa kiʻekiʻe loa i ka muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M3 (CHRM3). Ua ʻae kēia i ka hui e hōʻuluʻulu i nā hōʻike mai nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole a hiki i kahi ʻano hana o ka extract.

ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mana o ka ʻike kuʻuna a me ka ʻepekema hou, ke manaʻolana nei ʻo Kauka Adewole a me kāna hui i kā lākou ʻike e paipai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau haʻahaʻa hou no ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi maʻi.

He aha e lawe ʻia mai kēia ʻatikala:

Ua ʻike lākou ʻo kahi hakina ethyl acetate i hoʻomākaukau ʻia o ka extract (i kapa ʻia ʻo AoEF) ka mea i kāohi nui i ke ala cholinergic o ka ʻōpū a me ka transit gastrointestinal akā ʻaʻohe hopena i nā ala ʻelua ʻē aʻe, e hāʻawi ana i kahi ʻike maikaʻi i ke ʻano o ka hana o ka extract.
To explore the anti-diarrheal mechanism of cashew stem bark extract, the researchers focused on the cellular pathways and key molecular players involved in abnormal gut motility and designed a series of lab-based experiments.
As part of the in vitro experiments, the researchers isolated strips from the intestine of guinea pigs and found that at a higher concentration, AoEF efficiently and reversibly relaxed these strips.