Haʻawina hou no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kou mau ʻāʻā

ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i kahi kaʻina hana e hoʻolohi i ko mākou mau makahiki ke pale aku i ke atherosclerosis, kahi kumu nui o ka puʻuwai a me ka hahau ʻana. Ma nā ʻike i paʻi ʻia ma ka pūnaewele i kēia lā ma Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), nā kānaka ʻepekema ma Albert Einstein College of Medicine i alakaʻi ʻia e Ana Maria Cuervo, MD, Ph.D., ua hoʻemi maikaʻi ʻia ka plaque narrowing artery i nā ʻiole e hoʻomohala i kēlā mau mea. nā ʻeha. Ua hana nā mea noiʻi ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA), kahi kaʻina hana mālama hale kelepona i ʻike ʻia e Kauka Cuervo ma 1993 a i kapa ʻia ma 2000. 

"Ua hōʻike mākou i loko o kēia noiʻi e pono iā mākou ka CMA e pale aku i ka atherosclerosis, e lilo i mea koʻikoʻi a holomua i ka wā e emi ai ka CMA-kekahi mea e hana pū ana i ka wā e ʻelemakule ai nā kānaka," wahi a Kauka Cuervo, ke kaukaʻi o ka biology developmental and molecular a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. , ka Robert a me Renée Belfer Chair no ka Study of Neurodegenerative Diseases, a me ka luna hoʻomalu o ka Institute for Aging Research ma Einstein. "Akā ʻo ka mea nui, ua hōʻike mākou i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana CMA hiki ke lilo i hoʻolālā kūpono no ka pale ʻana i ka atherosclerosis a hoʻopaʻa i kona holomua."

ʻO kahi CV CMA maikaʻi loa

Mālama ʻo CMA i ka hana maʻamau ma o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā protein he nui i loko o nā cell. I loko o CMA, hoʻopaʻa nā protein "chaperone" kūikawā i nā protein i loko o ka cytoplasm a alakaʻi iā lākou i nā hale pūnaewele piha i ka enzyme i kapa ʻia ʻo lysosomes e ʻeli a hana hou ʻia. Ua wehewehe ʻo Kauka Cuervo i ka nui o nā mea pāʻani molekala i komo i loko o CMA a hōʻike ʻo CMA, ma o kona hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i nā protein kī, hoʻoponopono i nā kaʻina intracellular he nui e like me ka glucose a me ka metabolism lipid, nā mele circadian a me ka hoʻoponopono DNA. Ua ʻike pū ʻo ia i ka CMA i hoʻopau ʻia e ʻae i nā protein i hōʻino ʻia e hōʻiliʻili i nā pae ʻawaʻawa, e hāʻawi ana i ka ʻelemakule a-i ka wā e ulu ai nā mea ʻawaʻawa i loko o nā pūnana nerve-i nā maʻi neurodegenerative e like me ka maʻi Parkinson, Alzheimer, a me Huntington.

Ua ʻike ʻia nā hana a Kauka Cuervo i ka makahiki 2019 i kona koho ʻia ʻana i ka National Academy of Science (NAS). I ka makahiki 1996, ua hoʻomaka ka NAS e kono i kona mau lālā i koho hou ʻia e waiho i kahi ʻatikala Inaugural kūikawā i ka PNAS e hōʻike ana i nā haʻawina ʻepekema o ka lālā. Ma muli o ka lohi o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi COVID-19, ʻo ka pepa o kēia lā e pili ana i ka hana pale a CMA i ka atherosclerosis ʻo ia ka pepa PNAS inaugural a Kauka Cuervo a hoʻohui i kāna kino o ka hana i ke koʻikoʻi o CMA.

Ke Kaua Hou me ka Plaque

ʻO ka maʻi cardiovascular (CVD) ke kumu nui o ka make ma ka honua, me ka 80% o kēlā mau make CVD ma muli o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau. ʻO ka CVD, ʻo ia hoʻi, pili pinepine ʻia me ke atherosclerosis: ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o ka plaque (he mea paʻa i loko o ka momona, cholesterol, calcium, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe) i loko o nā paia o ke aʻa. ʻO ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana i ka pāpaʻi e paʻakikī a hōʻemi i nā ʻaʻa, e pale ana iā lākou mai ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko oxygenated i ka ʻiʻo puʻuwai (e alakaʻi ana i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai), ka lolo (nā hahau), a me ke koena o ke kino.

No ka noiʻi ʻana i ke kuleana o CMA i ka atherosclerosis, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Kauka Cuervo a me nā hoa hana i ka atherosclerosis i nā ʻiole ma o ka hānai ʻana iā lākou i ka momona momona o ke Komohana no nā pule he 12 a me ka nānā ʻana i ka hana CMA i nā aortas i hoʻopili ʻia e nā holoholona. Ua hoʻonui mua ka hana CMA i ka pane ʻana i ka paʻakikī meaʻai; ma hope o 12 pule, akā naʻe, he mea nui ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ka plaque, a aneane ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi hana CMA ma nā ʻano ʻelua o nā keena-macrophages a me nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo maʻemaʻe arterial-i ʻike ʻia i ka hana ʻino i ka atherosclerosis, e alakaʻi ana i ke kūkulu ʻana o ka plaque i loko o nā aʻa.

"He mea koʻikoʻi ka CMA i ka pale ʻana i nā macrophages a me nā ʻiʻo ʻiʻo maʻemaʻe - e kōkua ana iā lākou e hana maʻamau ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻai pro-atherosclerotic-i ka liʻiliʻi loa no kekahi manawa, a hiki i ka wā i hoʻōki ai kā lākou CMA hana," wahi a Kauka Cuervo. Ua ʻike ʻo ia ʻo ka hānai ʻana i ka meaʻai momona momona i nā ʻiole nele loa i ka hana CMA i hōʻike ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke koʻikoʻi o CMA: ʻoi aku ka nui o nā plaques ma kahi o 40% nui ma mua o ka poʻe mālama holoholona i ka meaʻai momona.

Na Iole a me na Kane

Ua loaʻa i nā mea noiʻi nā hōʻike e pili ana ka hana CMA nāwaliwali me ka atherosclerosis i nā kānaka pū kekahi. ʻO kekahi poʻe maʻi i loaʻa i ka hahau ʻana e hana i kahi kaʻina hana, i kapa ʻia ʻo carotid endarterectomy, e hoʻoneʻe ana i nā ʻāpana i hoʻopili ʻia i ka plaque o ko lākou mau aʻa carotid e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ka lua o ka hahau. Ua kālailai ʻo Kauka Cuervo a me kāna mau hoa hana i ka hana CMA ma nā ʻāpana carotid artery mai 62 mau maʻi maʻi maʻi mua i hahai ʻia no ʻekolu makahiki ma hope o kā lākou ʻoki ʻana.

"ʻO kēlā mau maʻi me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o CMA ma hope o kā lākou mau hahau mua, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka lua, ʻoiai ʻo ka lua o nā maʻi i loaʻa i ka kokoke o nā maʻi āpau me ka haʻahaʻa CMA haʻahaʻa," wahi a Kauka Cuervo. "Hōʻike kēia i kāu pae hana CMA post-endarterectomy hiki ke kōkua i ka wānana i kou pilikia no ka lua o ka hahau ʻana a i ke alakaʻi ʻana i ka mālama ʻana, ʻoi aku hoʻi no ka poʻe me ka CMA haʻahaʻa."

Hoʻololi i ka CMA, hoʻoponopono i ka Atherosclerosis

ʻO ka haʻawina ka mea mua e hōʻike i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka CMA he ala maikaʻi loa ia e pale aku ai i ka atherosclerosis mai ka lilo ʻana a i ʻole ka holomua. ʻO nā mea noiʻi genetically "upregulated" CMA i nā ʻiole i hānai ʻia i ka pro-atherosclerotic, momona momona ʻai Western a ma hope mai hoʻohālikelike iā lākou me nā ʻiole mana i hānai ʻia i ka meaʻai like no 12 pule. Ua hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi nā ʻiole CMA-hoʻonui i ka ʻike lipid koko, me ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa nui ʻana o ka cholesterol i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻiole hoʻomalu. ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o nā ʻiole i hana ʻia i loko o nā ʻiole genetically i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā plaques i nā ʻiole mana. ʻO ka mea pōmaikaʻi, ʻaʻole pono nā kānaka i ka hoʻololi genetic e pōmaikaʻi mai kēia ʻike.

"Ua hoʻomohala wau a me koʻu mau hoa i nā pūhui lāʻau i hōʻike i ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki no ka hoʻonui palekana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka hana CMA ma ka hapa nui o nā ʻiole a me nā cell i loaʻa i ke kanaka," wahi a Kauka Cuervo. Ua waiho ʻo Einstein i ka waiwai naʻauao ma kēia ʻenehana kumu.

Ua kapa ʻia ka pepa PNAS "Ka hana pale o ka chaperone-mediated autophagy against atherosclerosis." ʻO nā mea kākau Einstein ʻē aʻe ʻo Julio Madrigal-Matute, Ph.D., Dario F. Riascos-Bernal, Antonio Diaz, MD, Ph.D., Inmaculada Tasset, Ph.D., Adrian Martin-Segura, Ph.D., Susmita Kaushik, Ph.D., Simoni Tiano, MD, Matthieu Bourdenx, Ph.D., Gregory J. Krause, MS, Nicholas Sibinga, MD, Fernando Macian, MD, Ph.D., a me Rajat Singh, MD ʻO ka pepa ʻē aʻe ʻO Judith C. Sluimer, Ph.D., ka mea kākau hui pū me ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike Lapaʻau o Maastricht University ma Netherlands a me ke Kulanui o Edinburgh ma United Kingdom.