Ua hōʻike ka Alzheimer's Association 2022 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures i nā ʻike hou e pili ana i nā luʻina o nā kauka a me ka lehulehu o ʻAmelika i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka maʻi cognitive impairment (MCI), kahi i ʻike ʻia e nā loli maʻalahi o ka hoʻomanaʻo a me ka noʻonoʻo. Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo 10% a 15% o nā poʻe me MCI e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka dementia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. A ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka nui o ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ka makahiki 65 a ʻoi aku (mai 58 miliona i 2021 a i 88 miliona ma 2050), pēlā pū ka helu a me ka hapa o nā ʻAmelika me Alzheimer a i ʻole nā dementias ʻē aʻe i hāʻawi ʻia i ka piʻi ʻana o ka dementia me ka ulu ʻana o ka makahiki. .

Hāʻawi ka hōʻike makahiki ʻo Facts and Figures i kahi ʻike hohonu i ka helu aupuni a me ka mokuʻāina e pili ana i ka laha o ka maʻi Alzheimer, ka make, ka mālama ʻana a me nā kumukūʻai o ka mālama. Aia pū ka hōʻike o kēia makahiki i kahi ʻāpana hou e pili ana i nā limahana mālama dementia. He hōʻike kūikawā i hui pū ʻia, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka ʻelemakule maʻamau: Understanding Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), no ka manawa mua i nānā ʻia i ka ʻike o nā kauka lehulehu a me nā kauka mālama mua (PCP) i ka ʻike honua maoli, ka maʻi a me ka mālama ʻana o MCI a me MCI ma muli o Alzheimer's. maʻi ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.

"Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka hōʻino ʻana o ka naʻau me ka 'ʻelemakule maʻamau,' akā ʻaʻole ia he ʻāpana o ke kaʻina hana ʻelemakule maʻamau," wahi a Maria Carrillo, Ph.D., luna ʻepekema nui, Alzheimer's Association. "ʻO ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana ma waena o nā pilikia cognitive e pili ana i ka ʻelemakule maʻamau, ʻo nā mea pili me MCI a me nā mea e pili ana i ka MCI ma muli o ka maʻi o Alzheimer he mea koʻikoʻi ia i ke kōkua ʻana i nā poʻe, ko lākou ʻohana a me nā kauka e hoʻomākaukau no ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana."

Ua manaʻo ʻia ʻo 12% a 18% o ka poʻe makahiki 60 a ʻoi paha ka MCI. ʻOiai e hoʻi hou ana kekahi poʻe me MCI i ka ʻike maʻamau a noho paʻa paha, hōʻike nā haʻawina he 10% a 15% o nā kānaka me MCI e hoʻomau i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka dementia i kēlā me kēia makahiki. Ma kahi o ka hapakolu o ka poʻe me MCI ma muli o ka maʻi o Alzheimer e hoʻomohala i ka dementia o Alzheimer i loko o ʻelima mau makahiki. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka poʻe e noho pū ana me MCI e hoʻomohala i ka dementia kahi pahuhopu nui o ka noiʻi o kēia manawa, hiki ke ʻae i ka hana maʻi mua a me ka mālama ʻana.

ʻAʻole ʻike akā hopohopo mau

ʻOiai ka laha ʻana o ka poʻe ʻAmelika ʻelemakule, ua ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike hou ma mua o 4 ma 5 ʻAmelika (82%) ʻike liʻiliʻi a ʻaʻole ʻike i ka MCI. Ke koi ʻia me ka wehewehe ʻana o ka MCI, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua (55%) e ʻōlelo ʻo MCI me he "ʻelemakule maʻamau."

Ke wehewehe ʻia ka MCI ma muli o ka maʻi Alzheimer, kokoke i ka hapalua o ka poʻe pane (42%) e hōʻike i ka hopohopo no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka wā e hiki mai ana. Me kēia mau hopohopo, makemake ka hapa nui (85%) e aʻo e pili ana i ka maʻi o Alzheimer i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kona ulu ʻana, i ka wā o ka MCI phase (54%) a i ʻole ka pae dementia haʻahaʻa (31%).

Nā pilikia ma ke kamaʻilio a me ka ʻike

ʻO nā ʻike hou aʻe e hoʻomālamalama i ke kumu e makemake ʻole ai ka poʻe e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona MCI e kūkākūkā iā lākou me kā lākou mau kauka, ka poʻe e kū nei i nā luʻi hoʻomau i ka maʻi o kā lākou mau maʻi. Ma waena o nā ʻike:

• ʻOi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka poʻe pane (40%) i ʻōlelo e ʻike koke lākou i ke kauka inā loaʻa iā lākou nā hōʻailona MCI, ʻoiai ʻo ka hapa nui (60%) e kali a ʻike ʻole paha i ke kauka.

• Ma kahi kokoke i 8 ma 10 mau mea pane (78%) i hōʻike i nā hopohopo e pili ana i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kauka no nā hōʻailona o ka MCI, e hōʻike ana i nā kumu e like me ka makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona hewa (28%); ke aʻo ʻana he pilikia koʻikoʻi lākou (27%); makaʻu i ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi lāʻau lapaʻau pono ʻole (26%); a i ʻole nā hōʻailona manaʻoʻiʻo e hoʻopau i ka manawa (23%).

• ʻO 75% o nā PCP e ʻōlelo nei aia lākou ma ka laina mua o ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi me MCI. Eia nō naʻe, ʻelua hapakolu wale nō e ʻoluʻolu i ka pane ʻana i nā nīnau maʻi e pili ana i ka MCI (65%) a/a i ʻole ke kūkākūkā ʻana pehea e pili ai ka MCI i ka maʻi o Alzheimer (60%).

• Hoʻoikaika nā PCP e aʻo hou e pili ana i ka MCI ma muli o ka maʻi Alzheimer a ʻike i nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hana ʻana i kahi hōʻailona kikoʻī (90%). Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻekolu hapahā o nā PCP (77%) e hōʻike ana i ka MCI ma muli o ka paʻakikī o Alzheimer e ʻike, a ʻo ka hapalua (51%) ʻaʻole ʻoluʻolu i ka ʻike ʻana.

"He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana a me ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi cognitive haʻahaʻa ma muli o ka maʻi o Alzheimer no ka mea hāʻawi ia i kahi manawa mua e komo ai i ka hoʻomau o ka maʻi Alzheimer," wahi a Carrillo. "ʻOiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi Alzheimer i kēia manawa, ʻo ke komo ʻana ma mua e hāʻawi i kahi manawa e hoʻokele maikaʻi ai i ka maʻi a hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana i ka wā e hana kūʻokoʻa ana nā kānaka a mālama i ka maikaʻi o ke ola."

Nā manaʻo lāhui a me ka lāhui

ʻIke ʻia nā hopohopo a me ka huikau e pili ana i ka MCI ma waena o nā lāhui like ʻole.

• He haʻahaʻa ka ʻike a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka MCI ma waena o nā hui lāhui a me nā lāhui a pau i noiʻi ʻia: ʻAmelika Keʻokeʻo (18%), ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (18%), ʻAmelika ʻōiwi (18%), ʻAmelika ʻeleʻele (18%) a me ʻAmelika Hepanika (17%). .

• Hepanika (79%) a me ʻEleʻele (80%) hōʻike ka poʻe ʻAmelika i ka makemake e ʻike inā loaʻa iā lākou ka maʻi o Alzheimer i ka wā ma mua (MCI a i ʻole ka dementia Alzheimer haʻahaʻa), he haʻahaʻa iki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me White (88%) a me ʻAsia (84 %) a me nā ʻōiwi ʻAmelika (84%).

• ʻO ʻAsia (54%) a me Hispanic (52%) ʻo ʻAmelika e hopohopo nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka MCI i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me Native (47%), White (45%) a me ʻAmelika ʻeleʻele (44%).

• ʻAsia (50%), Hispanic (49%) a me ʻEleʻele (47%) ʻO ka poʻe ʻAmelika e hopohopo nui e pili ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka MCI ma muli o ka maʻi o Alzheimer, a ukali ʻia e Native (41%) a me ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (39%).

• ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona hewa ka mea hopohopo nui no ka ʻike ʻole ʻana i ke kauka no nā hōʻailona MCI ma waena o ʻAsia (38%), ʻEleʻele (31%) a me ʻAmelika Keʻokeʻo (27%). ʻO ke kumu nui i haʻi ʻia e Hispanic (27%) a me nā ʻAmelika ʻAmelika (31%) ke aʻo nei he pilikia koʻikoʻi ko lākou.

• Ma ka holoʻokoʻa, 43% o nā ʻAmelika i hōʻike i ke komo ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i kumu no ka ʻike mua ʻana o ka maʻi o Alzheimer. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka poʻe ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa (50%) ʻelua mau manawa e like me nā ʻAmelika Hispanic (25%) e haʻi i ke komo ʻana i ka hoʻokolohua lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he kumu no ka maʻi maʻi mua, a ukali ʻia e ʻAsia (40%), Native (35%) a me ʻAmelika ʻeleʻele (32% ).

"He mea koʻikoʻi nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau no ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea e pili ana i ka mālama ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana o ka maʻi Alzheimer i kēia manawa," wahi a Carrillo. "I ka wikiwiki ʻana o ka noiʻi, pono mākou e hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i nā hopohopo moʻomeheu, nā pilikia komo a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke komo ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau ma waena o nā ʻano āpau, ʻoi aku ma waena o nā lāhui like ʻole."

Koʻikoʻi o ka hana mua, nā ʻōlelo aʻo a ke kauka

ʻO nā mea pane noiʻi i makemake e aʻo e pili ana i ka maʻi o Alzheimer i ka wā MCI, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka hapalua (70%) i ʻike i ka pono o ka hoʻolālā a me nā manawa kūpono no ka mālama ʻana. Hāʻawi ka ʻike mua ʻana i nā ʻohana i ka manawa e hoʻoholo ai i ke kānāwai, ke kālā a me ka mālama ʻana no ka wā e hiki mai ana, ma muli o nā manaʻo hopohopo a me nā mea nui o ka mea maʻi, a pili pū me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o ka mālama ola kino. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā PCP (86%) i ʻōlelo e hiki ke hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka naʻau.

Akā, ʻo 1 wale nō ma 5 PCP (20%) hōʻike i kamaʻāina i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau i loaʻa i kā lākou poʻe maʻi me MCI, a ʻo 1 wale nō ma 4 PCPs (23%) i ʻōlelo ua kamaʻāina lākou i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i ka pipeline e hoʻoponopono i ka MCI ma muli o Alzheimer's. maʻi maʻi. Ke ʻike ʻia ka MCI, ʻōlelo pinepine nā PCP i nā loli ola (73%).

"He ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hana e hana ʻia i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka mākaukau o nā kauka mālama mua e ʻike i ka hemahema o ka cognitive, me ka MCI a me MCI ma muli o ka maʻi o Alzheimer, ʻoiai ke hana ʻia nei nā holomua diagnostic," wahi a Morgan Daven, hope pelekikena, ʻōnaehana olakino. , ʻAhahui ʻo Alzheimer. "E pili ana kēia i ka ʻike o nā kauka mālama mua i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou a me ke komo ʻana o ka poʻe maʻi i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau pili pili i ka maʻi Alzheimer a me ka noiʻi."

Manaʻo a me nā manawa e hiki mai ana

ʻOiai ke hoʻomau nei ka maʻi pōʻino o ka maʻi Alzheimer ma luna o kēlā me kēia kanaka a me nā ʻohana a puni ka ʻāina, ua hōʻike ka poʻe maʻi a me nā PCP i ka manaʻolana aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e hakakā ai i ka maʻi Alzheimer ma ka lewa. Ua ʻike ʻia nā noiʻi ma mua o 7 ma 10 ʻAmelika (73%) ke manaʻo nei e loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi o Alzheimer i loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana. ʻOi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā ʻAmelika e manaʻoʻiʻo e loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e hoʻōki i ka holomua (60%) a e pale aku (53%) i ka maʻi Alzheimer. Ma waena o nā PCP, 82% manaʻo e loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e hoʻopaneʻe i ka holomua o ka maʻi o Alzheimer i loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi e hiki mai ana. ʻOi aku ma mua o ka hapalua o nā PCP (54%) e manaʻo e loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻōki i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi a he 42% ka manaʻo e loaʻa nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pale ai i ka maʻi o Alzheimer.

ʻO nā makahiki ʻelua i hala iho nei ua hōʻailona ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kahi papa lāʻau hou e kuhikuhi ana i ka biology kumu a manaʻo e hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka maʻi o Alzheimer. Ma Pepeluali 2022, aia he 104 mau lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻololi ʻana i nā maʻi e loiloi ʻia i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau a i ʻole ma nā ʻano like ʻole o ka ʻae kānāwai. Kuhi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolōʻihi i ka piʻi ʻana o ka MCI ma muli o ka maʻi o Alzheimer a me ka dementia o Alzheimer haʻahaʻa, e like me ka Alzheimer's Association.

Ka hopena o COVID-19

Ua nānā pū ka hōʻike i ka hopena pōʻino o ka maʻi maʻi COVID-19 i ka poʻe e noho ana me ka maʻi Alzheimer. ʻOiai ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia pehea e hoʻololi ai ka COVID-19 i ka helu a me ka hapa o ka poʻe i ka US me Alzheimer, ua maopopo ka COVID-19 i ka hopena koʻikoʻi i ka make mai Alzheimer a me nā dementias ʻē aʻe. Wahi a ka hōʻike, aia he 44,729 mau make mai ka maʻi o Alzheimer a me nā dementias ʻē aʻe i 2020 i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā awelika i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala - he 17% ka piʻi.

Hōʻike ka hōʻike i ka ʻikepili mua a me ka anecdotal e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi maʻi i nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i nā mea mālama ʻohana. Hoʻomaopopo ʻo ia i nā pilikia mālama mālama maʻi maʻi, me ka pani ʻana i nā keʻena mālama lā makua a me ka hiki ʻole o nā ʻohana ke kipa a kamaʻilio pū me nā ʻohana i nā hoʻonohonoho mālama lōʻihi, ua hoʻokumu ʻia ka "pilikia naʻau a me nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole i waena o nā mea mālama."

Aia nā ʻikepili hou aʻe mai ka hōʻike ma lalo a me nā helu helu kiʻekiʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi maʻi o Alzheimer, ka make, ke kumu kūʻai o ka mālama, mālama a me nā limahana mālama dementia i loaʻa ma aneʻi. ʻO ka kikokikona piha o ka hōʻike 2022 Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures, me ka hōʻike kūikawā e pili pū ana, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka Normal Aging: Understanding Mild Cognitive Impairment hiki ke ʻike ʻia ma alz.org/facts. E ʻike ʻia ka hōʻike ma ka pukana ʻApelila 2022 o Alzheimer's & Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association.

He aha e lawe ʻia mai kēia ʻatikala:

“While currently there is no cure for Alzheimer’s disease, intervening earlier offers an opportunity to better manage the disease and to potentially slow progression during a time when individuals are functioning independently and maintaining a good quality of life.
population age 65 and older continues to grow (from 58 million in 2021 to 88 million by 2050), so too will the number and proportion of Americans with Alzheimer’s or other dementias given increased risk of dementia with advancing age.
“Distinguishing between cognitive issues resulting from normal aging, those associated with MCI and those related to MCI due to Alzheimer’s disease is critical in helping individuals, their families and physicians prepare for future treatment and care.