ʻO nā mea āpau e pili ana iā Whiskey

ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka honua o ka whiskey ma mua o ka honi ʻana, ka ʻono ʻana a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. No ke aʻo ʻana e pili ana i ka wai ʻeleʻele i loko o kāu kīʻaha e pono ʻoe e kamaʻilio pū me Lew Bryson, kekahi o nā luna alakaʻi o ka honua ma ka whiskey. Inā ʻaʻohe ou manawa e hele ai i kahi papa whiskey me Bryson, hiki iā ʻoe ke kūʻai i kāna puke, “Tasting Whiskey. Kahi alakaʻi a kahi insider i nā leʻaleʻa kū hoʻokahi o ka World Finest Spirits ”(Storey Publishing, 2014).

ʻO ka pia mua

Ua hoʻomaka ʻo Bryson i kāna alakohola i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke ala ʻoihana ma 1995 e ke kākau ʻana e pili ana i ka pia a me nā ʻuhane ma ke ʻano he Managing Editor of Whiskey Advocate (1996-2015). I kēia manawa, hiki ke loiloi i kāna whiskey a me ka pia i nā ʻuhane ʻAmelika, All About Beer, ka Daily Beast a me Scotchwhiskey.com.

Inā laki ʻoe ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi kope o kāna puke i kahi makana. Inā ʻaʻole i hoʻokau ʻia ʻo Tasting Whiskey i kāu stocking Kalikimaka, ʻo kēia ka manawa kūpono loa e hele i Amazon a kūʻai i kāu kope ponoʻī no ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai e mākaʻikaʻi i ka honua o ka whiskey me ke alakaʻi ʻo Bryson ma kou manamana lima e hoʻomaka ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo a mahalo. ka paʻakikī o ka mea i loko o kāu kīʻaha.

I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana iā Whiskey ʻo Bryson e kaʻana like i kāna ʻike encyclopedic a me kona mākaukau ma ke ʻano a me nā wahi o kēia mea inu ʻono. Ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi mākaʻikaʻi akamai, alakaʻi ʻo ia i nā mea heluhelu ma o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā kuʻuna a me nā nuances e pili ana i ka bourbon, Scotch, ʻIlani a me nā whiskey ʻo Iapana, e hoʻohuli ana i kēlā me kēia mea heluhelu i kahi mea hilinaʻi whiskey.

He aha kāu e inu nei?

Ua wehewehe ʻia ʻo Whiskey ma ke ʻano he ʻuhane “ʻōmole ʻia ma lalo o 40 pākēneka ʻona e ka nui (80 proof).” Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka whiskey Scotch i loko o kāu kīʻaha e inu nei i kahi whiskey i hana ʻia ma Sekotia a:

1. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka palaoa ma kahi hale kanu ma Sekotia mai ka wai a me ka palaoa huluhulu (kahi e hoʻohui ʻia ai nā kīʻaha ʻē aʻe wale nō)
2. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia i ka mea puhi i loko o kahi mash
3. Hoʻololi ʻia i kēlā distillery i substrate fermentable wale nō e nā ʻōnaehana enzyme endogenous (ʻo nā enzyme wale nō i hana ʻia e ka malt iho)
4. Fermented ma kēlā distillery wale nō me ka hoʻohui o ka hū
5. Hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia i kahi ikaika ʻona e ka nui o ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o 94.8 pakeneka a no laila he ʻala a me ka ʻono ka distillate i lawe ʻia mai nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia a me ke ʻano o kāna hana.
6. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ʻia i nā pahu ʻoka o kahi kaha ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o 700 liters
7. Ma Skotland wale nō e hōʻike ʻia ai
8. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia no kahi manawa ma lalo o 3 mau makahiki
9. Hoʻohui wale ʻia i loko o kahi hale kūʻai excise a i ʻole kahi i ʻae ʻia
10. Mālama i ke kala, ka ʻaʻala a me ka ʻono i lawe ʻia mai nā mea maka i hoʻohana ʻia a me ke ʻano o kāna hana a me kona ʻano ʻana
11. ʻAʻohe mea i hoʻohui ʻia; hoʻopili ʻia i kaupalena ʻia i ka wai a me / a i ʻole nā ​​waihoʻoluʻu caramel maʻamau
12. Ka palena iki o ka ikaika ʻona ma ka nui o 40 pākēneka (whiskeyinvestdirect.com)

Pono e hana i ka Bourbon mai ka palaoa i hoʻohui ʻia ma ka liʻiliʻi he 41 pakeneka kānana.

Nui ka inu rama

Ua ulu ka whiskey ʻAmelika i ka 6.4 pakeneka o ka nui ma 2017, a ua hōʻea 23.2 miliona mau hihia 9-lita. Ua hoʻonui ka nui o Bourbon i ka 6.7 pakeneka ma 2017 a 20 miliona mau hihia. Ua ulu mau kekahi ma ka wiski Kanada a me ʻIlani a hoʻomau ʻia ka hoʻonui ʻana e manaʻo ʻia.

Alakaʻi ʻoihana

Wahi a Vinepair.com ʻo ka top 5 whiskeys pū kekahi:

1. ʻO Jack Daniel's, ke poʻo nei i ka papa inoa me $ 309,725,503 i nā kūʻai aku. ʻO kēia inoa ʻo Brown-Forman ka mea i makemake nui ʻia a me ka ʻuhane kūʻai aku maikaʻi loa ma ka ʻāina a me ka ʻuhane kūʻai maikaʻi loa ma ka honua.
2. ʻO Whiskey Royal Royal Kanada. Ua hana ʻia ka Crown Royal Deluxe no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana iā King George VI. ʻO ia kahi whiskey Kanada i kāwili ʻia e Diageo a ʻo ia ka whiskey Kanada kūʻai kiʻekiʻe ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. Hāmole ʻia ia ma 80 hōʻoia a ʻoi paha.
3. ʻO Whiskey Kina Kinā Fireball. Hana ʻia ma Kanada me ka whiskey Kanaka kanikau a ʻelemakule.

Hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo Fireball me ka 33 pākēneka ABV (66 hōʻoia) a ua manaʻo ʻia he whiskey ʻono a i ʻole he ʻuhane hoʻomaʻamaʻa "loea".

4. ʻO Whiskey ʻO Jim Beam Bourbon. ʻO kahi kāwili ʻana o ke kō, ka rai a me ka palaoa, ʻo kēia bourbon kūʻai maikaʻi loa ma kahi o 220 mau makahiki. Kūʻai ʻia ia ma nā ʻāina he 200 me ka US, Kelemania, a me ʻAukekulia e alakaʻi nei i ka pūʻolo.
5. ʻO Whiskey ʻO Jameson ʻIlani. ʻO kēia ka whiskey Irelani kūʻai maikaʻi loa i ka honua, me 90 pākēneka o kāna hana i lawe ʻia aku. ʻO Pernod Ricard ka hui ma hope o 1988.

ʻOkoʻa ma Whiskkey

Hoʻokumu ʻo Skotlandia i ka hapa nui o ka whiskey o ka honua a ʻo ia ke alakaʻi mākeke no 100 mau makahiki. Hana ʻia ʻo Whiskey ma USA (37 miliona mau hihia), Kanada (21 miliona mau hihia), ʻIlani (7 miliona mau hihia), Iāpana, ʻEnelani, Wales, ʻApelika Hema, Australia, Taiwan, Sepania a Kuekene.

Aia he ʻano nui ʻelua o ka whiseki ʻo Scotch: hoʻokahi malt a ua kāwili ʻia. Hoʻokahi malt helu no 10 pakeneka o nā kūʻai honua āpau e ka leo; Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hapanui o ka whiskey Scotch i kūʻai ʻia aku ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa ua kāwili ʻia a hana ʻia mai kahi hui ʻana o kekahi mau ʻano malt a me nā palaoa palaoa. ʻO Iapana wale nō ka ʻāina ʻē aʻe e hana i ka whiskey i hoʻohana i ka hoʻohālikelike whiskey i hui ʻia hoʻokahi malt.

Hoʻopuka ka USA ma kahi o 37 miliona mau hihia o ka whiskey i kēlā me kēia makahiki. ʻO nā cereala i makemake nui ʻia e hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻAmelika ʻo ka bale, ka rai, ka palaoa a me ka palaoa. ʻO kahi hiʻohiʻona o ka whiskey ʻAmelika ka mea ʻono, momona vanilla momona i loaʻa mai i ka moʻo obligatory i nā pahu ʻoka hou.

Ua koho kekahi iā Coke ma ke ʻano he mea kāwili no ka wisiki ʻAmelika ʻoiai ʻo nā makana makana (Maker's Mark a me Woodford Reserve) e leʻaleʻa ʻia a i ʻole i nā cocktails whiskey maʻamau (ie, Manhattan, Old Fashioned, Whiskey Sour).

Hoʻokumu ʻo Kanada i 21+ miliona mau hihia o ka whiskey me Crown Royal, Black Vvett, a me Kanada Club e hōʻike ana i ka hapalua o nā kūʻai aku āpau. Kahi ʻia ka whiskey Kanada no kona ʻano māmā a laumania, a ua hui ʻia ka hapa nui o ia. Kau ʻia nā kānāwai o Kanada e pono ke ʻelemakule ka huahana no ka liʻiliʻi o 3 mau makahiki i nā pahu ʻoka a ʻae ʻia e hoʻohui ʻia ka caramel.

Manaʻo kekahi poʻe loea ʻo ʻIrelani kahi hānau o ka whiskey ʻoiai i kēia manawa he 7 wale nō distilleries e hana ana i ka ʻāina a ʻekolu mau distillery hou loa i hoʻokumu ʻole i nā huahana i ka mākeke.

Hoʻopuka ʻo ʻIlani ma kahi o 7 mau hihia o ka whiskey a ʻo ka hapa nui o nā kūʻai aku e pili iā Jameson, ke kūʻai aku nei i nā hihia 4.5m, a i ʻole 64 ka pākēneka o ka huina nui o nā kūʻai whiskey ʻIlani. Ma ka lua, ʻo Tullamore Dew, ke ulu nei ma mua o 10 pakeneka i kēlā me kēia makahiki akā aia naʻe ma lalo o 1 miliona mau hihia. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka hapanui o ka whiskey ʻIlani i 3 mau manawa (distill nā kekeke ʻē aʻe ʻo Scotch i nā manawa 2). Ma muli o ka lohi o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka peat i ke kaʻina hana malting, ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻopau ʻana o ka whiskey ʻIlani ma kahi kūʻē i ka uahi, nā ʻano o ka honua i ʻike pinepine ʻia i kekahi poʻe Sekotia.

Hoʻomaʻalike ʻo Iapana i kāna whiskey i loko o ka ipu keleawe a hoʻohana i ka ʻoka i ke oʻo ʻana o ka ʻuhane. I Iapana, ua kapa ʻia ʻo Suntory's Yamazaki Single Malt Sherry Cask 2013 i "whiskey maikaʻi loa ma ka honua," na Jim Murray (Whiskey Bible). Hoʻomaka ʻo Iapana e hana i ka whiskey i nā 1920 mua a hoʻohālikelike i ka hana ma ka hana Scotch a Suntory's master distiller, ʻo Masetsaka Taketsuru, i hoʻopaʻa ai no 3 mau makahiki ma Kekokia. I kona hoʻi ʻana i Iapana, ua kōkua ʻo ia e hoʻokumu i ka distillery Yoichi.

Hana ʻia ʻo Whiskey ma India, ke kūʻai aku nei ma kahi o 120 miliona mau hihia. ʻAʻole ka hapanui o ka whiskey India i hana ʻia mai nā cereal akā mai nā molakeke, ʻono me ka unaged. No kēia kumu, ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia e kūʻai aku ma ke ʻano he whiskey i ka EU. I India, ka hapa nui o nā huahana i hana ʻia kūloko e hoʻohui i ka whiskey ʻo Scotch e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻono.

ʻO Whiskey Fest. Mālama ʻia

Ma kahi Whiskey Fest hou loa ma New York City, ua loaʻa iaʻu ka manawa kūpono e ʻono ai i kekahi o nā whiskey maikaʻi loa ma ka mākeke.

Forester Kahiko. Hana ʻia ma Shively, Kentucky

Ua hoʻomaka ʻia e George Garvin ka bourbon Old Forester a ʻo ia ka bourbon mua i kūʻai ʻia i loko o nā ʻōmole aniani i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi. Ua hana ʻia e like me ka hana o Brown i ka hana 1870 o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i nā pahu o 3 distilleries e hana i kahi ʻono ʻono kūlike ʻole.

ʻO Kauka William Forrester kahi mea kūʻai aku na Brown iā ia e hana ana ma ke ʻano he mea kūʻai aku lāʻau lapaʻau. I ka wā i hoʻomaha ai ʻo Forrester, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Brown i ka lua o ka inoa R i ka inoa. I ka wā pāpā, ʻoiai ua koi ʻia nā distillery he nui e noi, ua noi aku ʻo Brown-Forman a loaʻa iā ia kahi laikini pekelala e hoʻomau i ka hana ʻana i Old Forester no nā hana lapaʻau.

ʻO Ben Riach. Hana ʻia ma ka moku Speyside o Sekotia

Hana ʻia ka BenRiach 10 Makahiki i ke kaila Speyside maʻamau. ʻO nā pahu i hoʻohana ʻia ʻo ex-bourbon a me ex-sherry. Hauʻoli ka maka me ka melemele kauwela ʻoiai ʻike ka ihu i kahi hui o nā ʻōpala ʻōmaʻomaʻo, ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā ʻōkana o ka tangerine e hui pū me ka vanilla momona, ka mint, ka ʻalani a me ka palaoa momona. ʻIke ka palate i nā mea ʻoka ʻoka, nā ʻāpala ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā apricots maloʻo e alakaʻi i nā peach o ka peach a me ka maiʻa palupalu. Aia nā manaʻo o ka anise, lemon zest a me ka bale i ka hopena.

Slane. Hana ʻia ma Slanecastle Demesne, County Meath, ʻIlani

Ua kapa ʻia ma hope o Slane Castle, aia ka hale distill ma kahi o 45 mau minuke mai Dublin. Hana pū ka ʻohana Conyhgham me Cooley Distillery e hoʻokumu i ka ʻuhane a me ka hue ma lalo o kā lākou inoa ponoʻī. I kēia manawa ua launa pū lākou me Brown Forman e kōkua i ka hoʻolālā ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi lumi distillery a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma ke kahua o ka hale aliʻi o nā kūpuna ma ke kumukūʻai o $ 50 miliona.

Hoʻohui ʻia ʻo Slane Irish Whiskey a komo pū ka malt a me ka whiskey palaoa. Mālama ʻia ia i loko o ʻekolu mau pahu pahu ʻē aʻe 1. nā pahu toast / light char hou mai ka Brown Forman alu like, 2. hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Tennessee whiskey a me nā pahu bourbon a me 3. Nā pahu sherry Oloroso mai Jerez, Sepania.

Hana ʻia ka mākua i nā pahu hoʻokaʻawale a kāwili ʻia ke pau ka hana makua. ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ʻōlelo o ka makahiki, i hiki ai ke hoʻohana i ka inoa “whiskey” ma ʻIlalani, e hoʻolilo ka ʻuhane ma kahi o 3 mau makahiki i ka ʻoka.

ʻO ka wahine kāne make ʻo Jane. Hana ʻia ma Red Hook, Brooklyn, NY

ʻO ka wili wahine hana lima a ka wahine kāne make a me ka hale kūʻai, kahi ʻelemakule, barreling, kāwili ʻana a me ka ʻōmole hana ʻana i ka hale. Hoʻonui ka barela Bourbon a me ka wai i kuhi ʻia i ka limestone i nā ʻono kūlohelohe o nā ʻuhane.

ʻO ke kaʻina hana me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ipu hao a me nā kolamu distillation serial mau. Hāʻawi nā mea ʻono i nā ʻono ʻokoʻa i ka whiskey. Hāʻawi ka distillery i nā huakaʻi lehulehu a pilikino.

Hana ʻia ʻo Widie Jane i hana ʻia ma Brooklyn, NY, me ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka bourbon a oʻo i nā ʻāpana barela me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻana i ke kānana a hōʻoia ʻia me ka wai mineral mai Rosendale Mines o NY. E nānā i ka pilau o vanilla i ka ihu, me nā ʻōuli o ka ʻalani, maple, nutmeg, cherry a me nā ʻalemona ma ka lepa. Hāʻawi ka hopena i kahi lāʻau ʻoka ahi a me nā mea ʻala.

ʻO Bourbon Yellowstone. Hana ʻia e Limestone Branch Distillery, Lebanona, Kentucky

ʻO Yellowstone Bourbon (i kapa ʻia ma hope o ka pāka aupuni) i ka makahiki waena i ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19 kahi i hoʻomaka ʻia e JB Dant, DH Taylor a me JT William. I ka wā pāpā (1920s) ʻōmole ʻia ʻo Yellowstone Bourbon no nā lāʻau lapaʻau wale nō. I nā makahiki 1960 ʻo ia ka inoa kūʻai nui loa ma Kentucky. Hoʻohui ʻia ka mana me Luxco a distill ka huahana a ʻelemakule ma Kentucky a ʻōmole ʻia ma Lebanona, Kentucky.

Kuhi kahi aniani caramel ʻalani i ka maka ʻoiai ka ihu e ʻike ai i ka caramel, nā mea kanu, ke kō kō, nā mea ʻala me kahi hua ʻeleʻele a me ka pā. Ma ka pākaha aia nā kihi o ka peanuts, nā hazelnuts, ke kope, ka caramel a me nā mea ʻala i hoʻopili ʻia i ka ʻili citrus, ka lāʻau a me ka vanilla E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ke kanakē i ka hopena - nā pī a me nā hua sugared.

Whiskey ʻo Wyoming. Hana ʻia ma Kirby, Wyoming

ʻO Wyoming Whiskey ka mea nona ka ʻohana Mead, kahi ʻoihana kūʻokoʻa i hoʻokumu ʻia ma ka Big Horn Basin o Wyoming. Ua hōʻea ka ʻohana ma Wyoming ma 1890 a no 125 mau makahiki i hānai ʻia nā pipi a me ka mauʻu ma nā mahi hānai ma Spring Gulch a me Kirby. Hoʻomaka ka hui e Brad a me Kate Mead a ʻo ka Distiller ʻo Sam Mead i hui pū i ka hui ma 2014 a kāohi i nā huahana āpau e like me Small Batch, Single Barrel a me Barrel Strength.

ʻO Brad Rageth ma Byron, koho ʻo Wyoming i nā kānana o ka palaoa non-GMO, ka palaoa, ka palaoa a me ka rai hoʻoilo no ka starch kikoʻī a me nā kō kō, nā hale kūkulu o ka bourbon. Hoʻohana lākou i kahi kānana i oʻo i nā lā 92 a koho ʻia i ka lima. Hāʻawi pū ka Rageth Farm i ka palaoa kauwela a me ka hoʻoilo i ulu wale ʻia no Wyoming Whiskey a me kahi rai hoʻoilo no nā huahana hou.

ʻO ka wai no ka whiskey mai kahi aquifer limestone, aia ma kahi mile ma lalo o Manderson, Wyoming i ka Madison Formation. He mea kahiko ka pōhaku limestone a ʻo ka wai e kānana ai ʻaʻole ia i ʻike i ke ao mai ka wā ʻo Bronze, ma mua o 6000 mau makahiki i hala.

ʻO Future o Whiskey

Whiskeywatch.com Ua kākau nui i nā mea e pili ana i nā mea e pono ai no kahi Whiskey maikaʻi.

Ke hana nei nā mea hana Whiskey i ka pilikia o ka noho pili ʻana a me ka haʻohaʻo pehea e hoʻomau ai e hoʻopiʻi i nā makemake o ka poʻe kūʻai ke noho nei i loko o nā palena o nā ʻōnaehana loio. ʻO ka ... ”nīnau aku ka mea kūʻai aku, ʻike a me ka walaʻau,” e like me kā Ian Palmer o InchDairnie Distillery. Hoihoi ʻo Palmer i ka neʻe ʻana i kāna huahana i nā mākeke kūloko, ʻĀkau o ʻEulopa, ʻAkau ʻĀkau a me ʻAmelika Hema a me ka Hikina Hikina, “Ma laila mākou e ʻike ai i ka hiki…”

Wahi a Becky Paskin (ScotchWhiskey.com), “Ke kani nei ka honua whiskey me ka walaʻau o… nā leo nui a me nā manaʻo kūpilikiʻi…. ʻO ka hope loa, aia ka manaʻo o ka whisky i kā mākou leʻaleʻa i nā mea i loko o kā mākou kīʻaha. ʻO ka manawa kēia o mākou a ʻoi iki aku ʻo Bean a hoʻi i kahi ala i hope e ʻoliʻoli wale ai i ka nani i mua o mākou. ”

E hāhai wale paha kāua i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a ʻAberahama Linekona, “ʻĀ, makemake wau e haʻi mai kekahi o ʻoukou iaʻu i ka mana o ka wiski e inu ai ʻo Grant. Makemake wau e hoʻouna i kahi barela o ia i kaʻu mau pūkaua ʻē aʻe. ”

- Abraham Lincoln