Ua kūʻai ʻo Kiyoshi Watanabe i nā ʻāpana ʻo Japan Airlines Corp. i ka makahiki i hala ma kahi o 100 yen ($ 1.10) a ua lilo ma luna o 90 pākēneka o kāna hoʻopukapuka kālā ma ke kuhi manaʻo ʻana e faila ka hae mua no ka panakalupa. Kākoʻo naʻe ʻo ia i kā ke aupuni hoʻoholo ʻana e haʻalele i kahi bailout.
"Me ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, e ola wale ana ʻo JAL ma ke ʻano he zombie," wahi a Watanabe, 44, ka luna o kahi hui waiwai ʻole ma Tokyo. "He mea maikaʻi kēia. Pono e hoʻoponopono hou ʻia ʻo JAL. ”
ʻO ka haʻaheo o ka ʻāina ma JAL, i ʻōlelo pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he "piʻi ʻana o ka lā ma lalo o ka malu o ke aupuni," ua iho mai ia mai nā makahiki 1970, ke kūlana ʻelima mau manawa ma waena o nā ʻoihana i makemake nā haumāna puka o ke koleke e lawelawe, e like me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o kahi hui ʻo Recruit Co. o Tokio. ʻO ka moku lawe Tokyo, nāna i hōʻike ka hapa mua o ka lilo he 131 biliona yen, i kākoʻo ʻia e nā mokuʻāina moku ʻehā i loko o ʻeiwa mau makahiki.
"I koʻu wā haumāna ma ka US, ua loaʻa iaʻu kahi manaʻo maikaʻi ke ʻike wau i kahi mokulele JAL ma ke kahua mokulele," wahi a Yukio Noguchi, he polopekema kālā ma ke Kulanui ʻo Waseda ma Tokyo. "ʻO ko mākou haʻaheo me he Kepanī ia."
Ua hoʻopau ʻo JAL i ka lā 14 ma ke ana a Recruit i ka makahiki i hala, ʻoiai ʻo All Nippon Airways Co. ke kolu.
ʻO Enterprise Turnaround Initiative Corp. o Iapana, ke keʻena pili pili aupuni e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka mea lawe, e hoʻoholo hope loa i kāna papa hana Ian 19, i haʻi aku ke Kuhina Kālepa ʻo Seiji Maehara i ka poʻe kūkala i ka pule i hala.
Nā Kūpono
Hoʻomaka ʻo JAL ma 1951 ma ke ʻano he lawe pilikino i kapa ʻia ʻo Japanese Air Lines. Ua lilo ia i mokuʻāina i ka makahiki 1953, ua kapa inoa ʻia ʻo Japan Airlines a ua hoʻomaka i nā lawelawe kūwaho. Ua kūʻai aku ke aupuni i kāna kuleana ma 1987 a ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka mokulele.
Ua hōʻaiʻē ʻo JAL i kahi kālā i hōʻike ʻole ʻia mai ke aupuni i ʻOkakopa 2001 e kū ai i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka huakaʻi ma hope o ka hoʻouka kaua ʻana o Sept. I ka 11, ua loaʻa iā JAL he 2004 biliona yen i nā hōʻaiʻē pōpilikia mai ka Bank Development of Japan e like me ka maʻi SARS a me ke kaua ʻIraka i hōʻemi ai i ka noi no ka huakaʻi.
Ua noi aku i ke kōkua aupuni hou i ʻApelila 2009, e noi ana i kahi hōʻaiʻē 200-biliona yen mai ka Development Bank o Iapana i ka wā o ka recession global. I ka mahina aʻe ua hoʻolaha ʻo JAL i ka ʻokiʻoki hana 1,200 a ʻōlelo e hōʻemi ʻia nā kumukūʻai e 50 biliona yen i kēia makahiki makahiki.
Nā hoʻolaha hoʻohoka
Ua hoʻohiki ʻo Kuhina Nui Yukio Hatoyama i kāna wā koho balota i ka makahiki i hala e hoʻololi i ka pilina ma waena o ke aupuni, ka ʻoihana a me ka ʻoihana nui - i kapa ʻia ʻo Iapana ʻo "triangle hao."
"E loli ka panakalupa i ke kiʻi o ke aupuni ma Iapana a me ka pilina ma waena o ke aupuni a me nā ʻoihana," i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Martin Schulz, ka ʻoihana waiwai nui ma ka Fujitsu Research Institute ma Tokyo. "Makemake nui ka lehulehu e ʻoki ʻia kekahi o nā pili kahiko."
Ua ʻōlelo ke aupuni e hoʻomau ka hana o ka mea lawe. Ma mua o 100 mau mokulele i hala i ka panakalupa mai 1978, e like me ka hui ʻoihana Wakinekona ʻo Air Transport Association. ʻO Delta Air Lines Inc., UAL Corp. ʻo United Airlines, Northwest Airlines Corp., US Airways Group Inc. a me Continental Airlines Inc.
Swissair a pili pili Sabena SA i kūleʻa i ka 2001, a ʻo New Zealand i hoʻāla ʻia ʻo Air New Zealand Ltd. i kēlā makahiki e pale i ka hāʻule ʻana.
Ua faila ʻo Mesa Air Group Inc. i hoʻokumu ʻia ma Phoenix no ka panakalupa i ka mua o kēia makahiki.
"Manaʻo wau he pauma paʻakikī loa kēia e ale no nā limahana a me nā penihana ʻo JAL," i ʻōlelo ʻo Kenta Kimura, 31, he mea hoʻopukapuka JAL e hana nei i ka hoʻomohala papahana ma Tokyo's Japan International Cooperation Center. "I ka holo lōʻihi, manaʻo wau e nānā mākou i hope a ʻōlelo he kūpono e hoʻoponopono i ka ʻoihana."
Hanohano o ka wā i hala
Hōʻole ka lōʻihi lōʻihi o JAL i ka waiwai haʻalulu o ka panakalupa, i ʻōlelo nā mea hoʻopukapuka. ʻO ka hiolo ʻana o Long Bank Term Bank a me Yamaichi Securities i ka hopena o ka 1990s i hoʻokūʻiwa i kahi lāhui e kū nei me ka wāwahi ʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai, ʻoiai ʻo JAL ka panakalupa paha, ʻo ia paha ke ono o ka nui ma Iapana, he mau makahiki i ka hana ʻana.
"Inā he ʻelima mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua paʻakikī ka waiho ʻana o JAL i ka banekorupa," i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Mitsushige Akino, nāna e kiaʻi ma kahi o $ 450 miliona o nā waiwai ma Tokyo-based Ichiyoshi Investment Management Co. "ʻAʻohe manaʻo like i waena o ka poʻe Kepanī e makemake nei. e mālama iā JAL, nona wale nō ka hanohano o ka wā i hala. "
Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Watanabe ʻo JAL "he kia o ke kulekele aupuni" ma lalo o ke aupuni i hala, e hana ana i ka panakalupa a ʻoi aku paha o kahi hoʻomohala kamahaʻo.
"He hoʻoholo wiwo ʻole loa kēia i ka hāpai ʻana i ke koʻi," i ʻōlelo ʻo ia. "Ma ke ʻano he mea kuleana a ma ke ʻano he kamaʻāina Kepanī, manaʻo wau ʻo ia ka mea kūpono loa e hana."
