ʻO Global Center Resilience Center e alakaʻi ana iā Caribbean Recovery

ka UNWTO ua wehewehe ka maʻi ahulau o kēia manawa ʻoiai ke kūpilikiʻi ʻoi loa i kū i mua o nā mākaʻikaʻi honua mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā moʻolelo ma 1950. Ua manaʻo ʻia no 2020, ma waena o US $ 910 biliona a hiki i US $ 1.2 trillion e nalo ana i nā loaʻa kūwaho mai ka mākaʻikaʻi a 100 a 120 miliona mau huakaʻi huakaʻi mākaʻikaʻi ma muli o ke kaohi o nā huakaʻi hele honua a hoʻemi i ka noi honua.

Mai ke kuanaʻike o ka Caribbean, ua ʻōlelo ke Komisina Waiwai no Latin America a me ka Caribbean e pili ana ka maʻi ahulau i nā ʻoihana o Latin America a me ka Caribbean ma o nā mea kūwaho a me nā kūloko kahi e hoʻopili ai ka hopena i ka contraction ʻoi loa o ka ʻāina. ʻike ʻia mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā moʻolelo ma 1900. 

ʻO ka ʻāpana hoʻokipa ka mea i kaumaha i kēia kuʻikahi. Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka mākaʻikaʻi Caribbean e 20-30% i kēia makahiki me ka hōʻea ʻana o nā poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e hāʻule ana i 75% i nā 3 hapaha hope o 2020. ʻO kēia contraction i ka mākaʻikaʻi ke lohi loa nei i ka hana hoʻokele waiwai ma Caribbean me ka ulu ulu i manaʻo ʻia e ʻaelike e 6.2 pakeneka ma 2020. . E hilinaʻi nui ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi ma pehea a i ka wā e wehe ʻia ai nā palena a puni ka honua.

Nā hana hoʻōla e alakaʻi ai

ka Global Resilience & Crisis Management Center (GTRCMC) hana ʻia me ke alakaʻi ʻana i nā hana hoʻōla o ka moku Caribbean. Ke nānā nei i ka wā e hiki mai ana, e hoʻomau ka GTRCMC i ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i ka laulima ʻana me kāna hui o nā hoa kūloko, kūloko, a me nā hui kūwaho e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka hopena o ka maʻi ahulau ma nā wahi e hele ana a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā hoʻolālā kūpono no kā lākou hoʻōla a hoʻonui i ka mākaukau a me ka pane ʻana i haʻalulu i ka wā e hiki mai ana. ʻIke ke kikowaena he mea koʻikoʻi ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ke kūpaʻa hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina. ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o ka nohona kūlohelohe mai kahi hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi i ka ʻāpana hoʻokipa e hoʻohua paha i nā hopena weliweli no ka Caribbean.

Hōʻike ka International Labor Organization (ILO) i ka mākaʻikaʻi ma ke ʻano he kumu waiwai nui a loaʻa nā hana ma ka moku Caribbean. Ma mua o ka maʻi ahulau, ua kākoʻo ka ʻāpana hoʻokipa iā 16 mai 28 mau waiwai i Caribbean. ʻO ka Caribbean ka mea ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ia ka hilinaʻi nui loa i ka honua me 10 o 20 ka nui o nā ʻāina mākaʻikaʻi i ka honua e kū nei i ka wahi i alakaʻi ʻia e The British Virgin Islands me ka hilinaʻi 92.6%. Hāʻawi ka ʻāpana huakaʻi a me nā mākaʻikaʻi kokoke US $ 59 biliona i ka huahana kūloko nui o ka Caribbean ma 2019. Ma ka awelika, hāʻawi pono ka ʻoihana hoʻokipa i kahi o 33 pākēneka o ka Gross Domestic Product (GDP) a ma luna o 52 pākēneka o nā loaʻa hoʻolilo. Ma Antigua a me Barbuda, loaʻa nā mākaʻikaʻi no 54% o GDP, 42% ma Belize, 41% ma Barbados, 38% ma Dominica, a 34% ma Jamaica.

Hāʻawi ka ʻoihana i ka hana pololei i nā limahana 413,000 ma ka Caribbean, e hōʻike ana, ma ka awelika, 18.1 pakeneka o ka huina hana. Ke kuhi ʻia ka hana kūpono ʻole a hoʻokomo ʻia, hiki i kēia kuhi ke piʻi aʻe i 43.1 pakeneka me kahi mahele i hoʻonui ʻia i luna i nā ʻāina mākaʻikaʻi e hilinaʻi ʻia ana ma Caribbean. E pili ana i ka hana pololei, 48% o ka poʻe i hana ma Antigua a me Barbuda e hana i nā hana e pili ana i ka mākaʻikaʻi, 41% ma Barbados, a 31% ma Jamaica. 

Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka mākaʻikaʻi me nā pahuhopu nui o ka Sustainable Development Goals Agenda. ʻO ka mākaʻikaʻi kahi mahele hana nui e hana i nā hana no ka poʻe o nā makahiki āpau a me nā pae mākau ʻaʻole wale ma ka mahele akā ma o ke kaulahao waiwai i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe e like me nā ʻoihana moʻomeheu, mahiʻai, kūkulu, hana, halihali, hana lima, olakino, kālā. nā lawelawe a i ʻole ka ʻike, a me nā ʻenehana kūkā kamaʻilio. Hāʻawi pū ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka like o ke kāne ma ke kākoʻo ʻana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o nā wahine. ʻIke ʻo Caribbean mākaʻikaʻi i ka hapa nui o ka hana wahine, ma waena o 50 a 60 pākēneka. Kōkua pū ka mākaʻikaʻi e hōʻeleu i ka hoʻomohala kaiāulu ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lehulehu kūloko i kāna hoʻomohala ʻana a hāʻawi i nā kaiāulu i ka manawa e holomua ai i ko lākou wahi i hānau ai. Ua haʻalele ka hāʻule o kēia manawa i nā kaiaulu he nui a ma nā wahi o nā wahi e kū pono ana i mua o ka hoʻokahuli waiwai.

Hāʻule honua

ʻO nā ʻoihana hoʻokipa hilinaʻi e like me nā mea ma ka Caribbean ʻike maopopo ʻole ʻia e pili ʻole ʻia e ka hāʻule ʻana o ka nohona waiwai mai ka pilikia o ka honua i kēia manawa. He palena nā ʻāpana palekana kaiāulu o ka moku Caribbean. ʻO kēia ka manaʻo o nā poʻe o ka Caribbean, ka hoʻokele waiwai, a me ka wā e hiki mai ana e hoʻopau ʻia e COVID-19 ma mua o nā lāhui me nā ʻoihana ʻokoʻa like ʻole. Ma nā wahi āpau, ke piʻi nui nei ka nele o ka hana a me ka hapa o ka hana ʻole no ka mea ua hoʻokau ʻia he mau kaukani ʻoihana hana aʻo kekahi e hoʻomau nei i ka hana maʻamau ma lalo o nā kūlana o nā hola i hoʻemi nui ʻia. Wahi a ka ILO kokoke i ka hapalua miliona mau limahana hoʻokipa e kū nei i kēia manawa i ka manaʻolana o nā hemahema hana kūpono ma ke ʻano he nalowale hana, hoʻemi i nā hola hana, a me nā lilo o nā loaʻa kālā.

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻaʻole hiki i nā aupuni o ka Caribbean ke hāʻawi i nā hoʻolālā furlough uku uku e like me kā lākou mau hoa i hoʻomohala ʻia e like me UK a me US. Hoʻohui hou kēia i ka pilikia. Ua ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi ma kēia wahi e ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o nā kumu waiwai ʻē aʻe o nā loaʻa kālā / loaʻa kālā, nā hoʻopukapuka pololei ʻē aʻe, a me nā hoʻoili kālā ʻana e hāʻawi ʻia i nā mea hoʻolako mua - ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻo United Kingdom a me Kanada. ke kū nei hoʻi i ka haʻalulu waiwai.

ʻO ka hāʻule ʻana o ka huakaʻi, ka hohonu, a me ka lōʻihi paha o ka huakaʻi a me ka mākaʻikaʻi nui i nā ʻāina Caribbean e hilinaʻi nui nei i ka mākaʻikaʻi haole e pili nui ana i kā lākou kālā. ʻO ka hōʻole ʻana i nā loaʻa kālā mākaʻikaʻi e hiki i nā aupuni ke lilo i hiki ʻole ke hoʻonui i nā loaʻa kūpono e hoʻokele kālā i kā lākou moʻohelu kālā a e hilinaʻi nui aʻe i nā kōkua kūwaho a me nā hōʻaiʻē, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia e noʻonoʻo ana i ka nui o ka hōʻaiʻē kūwaho o ka ʻāina. Ke hoʻi haʻahaʻa nei nā mālama ʻāina ʻē i nā ʻāina he nui.

He aha kēia no ka Caribbean

ʻO ka pane wikiwiki o nā aupuni āpana i ka maʻi ahulau e pili ana i nā pani palena, nā palena i ka ʻaha lehulehu, nā kamaʻilio kuhi ʻia, ke kaulike o ka ʻike ma waena o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a me ka hōʻoia ʻana, a me ke kōkua ʻana ma waena o nā lālā i kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā hihia COVID -19 ma kahi liʻiliʻi o ka ʻāina. heluna kanaka. Ma ke ʻano he hopena i hoʻoikaika ʻia i waena o nā mea kuleana, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā pilikia i ka wā mua a hoʻokō i ka pale a me nā hana kaohi i ka pae kaiāulu i hoʻonui hou ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoiai ʻo ka poʻe loea olakino lehulehu e ʻōlelo nei he koʻikoʻi ka nohona kaiāulu a me nā quarantine, ʻo ka maopopo ʻole o ka hoʻokele waiwai e pili ana i kēlā mau ana e hāʻawi ana i kahi counterweight ikaika - keu hoʻi i kahi ʻāpana o ka honua kahi e kiʻekiʻe ai ka hilinaʻi ʻana i ka hana maka.

ʻIke loa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Caribbean mai ka pōʻaiapili o ka honua i lalo e pili ana i ka hilinaʻi nui o ka ʻāina i nā mākeke ma ʻAmelika Hema a me ʻEulopa, kahi i hōʻeha loa ʻia e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ʻEnelani, Sepania, a me ʻItalia. Inā ʻaʻole e ola wikiwiki kēia mau ʻoihana ʻoi aku ka nui, ʻo ka lōʻihi o ka hana hou ʻana i ka Caribbean. ʻO ka hoʻokele waiwai honua pū kekahi e kahe ana ka maʻi mai ka COVID-19 i hoʻokomo ʻia. Kūʻē kēia i ka backdrop e hāʻawi ana ka mākaʻikaʻi i US $ 8.9 trillion i ka GDP o ka honua a i ʻole 10.3% o ka GDP honua. 330 miliona mau hana, 1 ma 10 mau hana a puni ka honua; 28.3% o nā lawelawe o ka honua holoʻokoʻa; a me US $ 948 biliona i ka hoʻopukapuka kālā.  

Palekana ia e ʻōlelo ʻo ka hoʻōla hou ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi e lilo i mea kiʻekiʻe loa o nā mea hoʻokele kulekele a me nā pae honua i ka Caribbean. ʻO ka launa pū ʻana ma waena o nā mea āpau āpau - ponoʻī, lehulehu, ʻāpana, a me ka honua - no laila, e hoʻoikaika ʻia e hoʻokō i kēia pahuhopu like.

# pūnaehulehu