ʻAʻohe kānalua liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā makahiki Covid no ka poʻe e hana ana i ka palekana mākaʻikaʻi. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a me nā aupuni ʻē aʻe he nui wale ka pilikia o nā mākaʻi i ka makaʻu i kā lākou, a i kā lākou poʻe aloha paha, e maʻi ana akā mai ka George Floyd syndrome kekahi. ʻO kēia nā makahiki i haʻi aku ai ka poʻe kālai'āina hema i ke kaua i ka hoʻokō kānāwai a koi aku i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mākaʻi a me ka hoʻopau ʻana. ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19 i hala ʻekolu makahiki. I loko o kēia mau makahiki, ʻōlelo ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ua aʻo nui lākou e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO ka nīnau e pono e nīnau ʻia: ua aʻo anei ka ʻoihana i kēia mau haʻawina a i ʻole ua hoʻi ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi a me ka huakaʻi i kāna mau kuhi mua o Covid? Ke nānā nei i kēlā mau makahiki, akā naʻe, pono nā alakaʻi ʻoihana e nīnau iā lākou iho i nā haʻawina a lākou i aʻo ai. ʻAʻole lawe wale ka loiloi ʻatikala i kēia manawa i ka noʻonoʻo koʻikoʻi i nā hopena lōʻihi o COVID-19 i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi akā ʻo kona mau wā e hiki mai ana a me nā pilikia i nā makahiki e hiki mai ana.
I ka nānā ʻana o nā alakaʻi mākaʻikaʻi a me nā loea i nā makahiki Covid-19 a me ka manawa koke o Covid, hiki i nā ʻōlelo a Charles Dickens i wehe i nā laina i loko o ka Tale of Two Cites (1859) i ka manaʻo: "ʻO ia ka manawa maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka manawa maikaʻi loa, ʻo ia ka makahiki o ka naʻauao, ʻo ia ka makahiki o ka naʻaupō, ʻo ia ka manawa o ka manaʻoʻiʻo, ʻo ia ka manawa o ka manaʻoʻiʻo, ʻo ia ka manawa o ka manaʻoʻiʻo. ʻO ka manawa ia o ka pouli, ʻo ia ka pūnāwai o ka manaʻolana, ʻo ia ka hoʻoilo o ke kaumaha, aia nā mea a pau i mua o mākou, ʻaʻohe mea i mua o mākou, hele pololei mākou a pau i ka lani, hele pololei mākou a pau ma ke ala ʻē aʻe - ʻo ka pōkole, ua lōʻihi ka manawa e like me kēia manawa, ua koi kekahi o kāna mau mana hauʻoli e loaʻa iā ia, no ka maikaʻi a no ka hewa, ma ke ʻano kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana. Inā ʻo ka Covid-19 ka manawa ʻoi loa ka maikaʻi o nā manawa, ʻo ka boom huakaʻi i ukali ʻia no nā mea he nui i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ʻo ia ka manawa maikaʻi loa. Ma muli paha o ka laka Covid a i ʻole ka makemake e huakaʻi hou, ma hope o ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19, ua ulu ka mākaʻikaʻi e like me ka wā ma mua. I kēia manawa i ka honua post-Covid-19, ua kū ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i nā pilikia hou e like me ka over-tourism a me ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā kānaka me nā robotics. ʻO nā mokulele mokulele a me nā alanui, me nā kahakai ākea, nā hale ʻaina a me nā hōkele i hoʻopuka i nā luʻi a me nā hoʻoweliweli hou i ka olakino a me ka hoʻomau ʻana o ka ʻoihana huakaʻi a me ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO ka ʻoihana i loko o nā makahiki pōkole wale nō i hele mai ka puʻupuʻu a i ka boom, a ua lilo nā noho mokulele kaʻawale i nā mokulele. He mea weliweli nā makahiki maʻi maʻi no ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi honua. No ka laʻana ma 2022, kākau ʻo Xiufang Jiang a me kāna mau hoa hana huakaʻi:
"ʻAʻole paha he hanana i ka mākaʻikaʻi hou i loaʻa (a hoʻomau ʻia) kahi hopena koʻikoʻi i ka makemake huakaʻi, ʻike ʻia ka pilikia huakaʻi, a me ka ʻoihana hoʻokipa ma mua o ka 2020 outbreak a me ka hoʻolaha honua o COVID-19."
ʻOiai ka piha ʻana o nā mokulele a me nā hōkele ma nā ʻano he nui ke manaʻo nei ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i nā hopena o ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19. I kēia ao post-Covid-19, ʻo ka nīnau a nā alakaʻi o ka ʻoihana e nīnau ʻaʻole pehea ka hopena o Covid-19 i ka huakaʻi akā he aha nā haʻawina i aʻo ʻia e ka huakaʻi a me nā ʻoihana huakaʻi mai ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19? Pehea e hiki ai i ka mākaʻikaʻi ke hōʻoiaʻiʻo i kahi kūlana palekana a palekana i kahi honua e loli mau ana? I ka manawa o Covid-19, ua loaʻa i nā alakaʻi mākaʻikaʻi a me nā haumāna ka manawa e hana i nā hana hoʻonaʻauao koʻikoʻi? ʻO ka nīnau, ʻaʻole he aha kā lākou i aʻo ai, akā he aha nā mea a lākou i aʻo ai, a ua lilo nā haʻawina o kēia wā pōuliuli i alakaʻi no ka wā e hiki mai ana? No ka laʻana, ua hōʻike ka maʻi maʻi maʻi Covid-19 i ka wā i nele ai ka palekana, a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o ka palekana, pilikia nā ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi, a ma nā hihia koʻikoʻi hiki ke make nā ʻāpana. Ma muli o ka makaʻu i nā maʻi i nā manawa he nui i hoʻōki ka poʻe i ka huakaʻi. I ka wā o nā makahiki Covid, ua mālama nā mokulele a me nā hale ʻaina i nā hana kūikawā e hōʻoia i kahi ʻike huakaʻi olakino. Pēlā nō i nā keʻena palekana mākaʻikaʻi, e like me nā luna palekana lehulehu (nā mākaʻi) a me nā ʻoihana palekana pilikino.
ʻAʻohe kānalua liʻiliʻi ʻaʻole maʻalahi nā makahiki Covid no ka poʻe e hana ana i ka palekana mākaʻikaʻi. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, a me nā aupuni ʻē aʻe he nui wale ka pilikia o nā mākaʻi i ka makaʻu i kā lākou, a i kā lākou poʻe aloha paha, e maʻi ana akā mai ka George Floyd syndrome kekahi. ʻO kēia nā makahiki i haʻi aku ai ka poʻe kālai'āina hema i ke kaua i ka hoʻokō kānāwai a koi aku i ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā mākaʻi a me ka hoʻopau ʻana.
ʻO ka hopena, ʻo ia ka piʻi ʻana o ka hewa, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi ʻilihune a me ka noʻonoʻo bunker police. I kēia mau lā, pilikia nā keʻena mākaʻi a puni ka honua i ka nele o ke kāne / wahine, ʻo ka hapa nui o ia mau mea e hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia i ka ʻōlelo politika hema hema o kēlā mau makahiki maʻi.
Ua hoʻomaka ka maʻi maʻi honua i ka makahiki 2020 a ua hoʻomau ʻia a hiki i 2023. Ua hōʻike ka maʻi maʻi i ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻano āpau o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi, mai nā ʻano kino o ka palekana a me ka palekana a hiki i kona ʻano olakino a olakino. Ua hoʻoikaika pū ka maʻi maʻi i ka nui o nā manaʻo. Ua aʻo hou ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻokumu pinepine ʻana o nā malihini i kā lākou mau hoʻoholo huakaʻi ʻaʻole wale ma luna o nā ʻoiaʻiʻo paʻakikī akā mai ko lākou ʻike a me ka naʻau o kēlā mau ʻike.
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19 i hala ʻekolu makahiki. I loko o kēia mau makahiki, ʻōlelo ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ua aʻo nui lākou e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO ka nīnau e pono e nīnau ʻia: ua aʻo anei ka ʻoihana i kēia mau haʻawina a i ʻole ua hoʻi ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi a me ka huakaʻi i kāna mau kuhi mua o Covid? Ke nānā nei i kēlā mau makahiki, akā naʻe, pono nā alakaʻi ʻoihana e nīnau iā lākou iho i nā haʻawina a lākou i aʻo ai.
ʻOiai ua ʻōlelo lōʻihi nā alakaʻi o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ʻo ka palekana a me ka palekana o ka poʻe kipa ka mea nui i ka helu ʻekahi i ka manawa pinepine ʻo kēia mau ʻōlelo he ʻōlelo wale nō. ʻO ka loiloi ʻana i nā pūlāwai kālā o ka ʻaha kūkā a me nā keʻena mākaʻikaʻi a i ʻole ke keʻena ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e hōʻike ana i ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kākoʻo kālā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka poʻe mālama mākaʻikaʻi ma mua o nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e like me nā hoʻolaha kūʻai. Nui ka poʻe ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i ke kūlana e hiki i kahi hoʻolaha kūʻai maikaʻi ke uku i nā pilikia palekana a i ʻole nā hāʻule, a ʻo ka manawa pinepine ke manaʻo ʻia e hoʻoponopono ka ʻoihana i nā pilikia i kēlā me kēia hihia. I loko o nā makahiki maʻi maʻi, ua hoʻokūpaʻa ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi a me ka ʻoihana malihini i ke koʻikoʻi o nā ʻano āpau o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi, i nā manawa he nui, akā naʻe, ua ʻoi aku ka hoʻopunipuni o ka ʻoihana ma mua o ka mea maoli. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e pilikia mau ana i ka manaʻo ʻaʻole hoʻololi wale ke kālepa maikaʻi i ka ʻike o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nō hoʻi. Hoʻoikaika ʻo IMS Technology i kēia manaʻo ke heluhelu mākou ma kāna pūnaewele: "Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia kanaka kona ʻike ponoʻī i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻO ka manaʻo o kēlā me kēia no ka ʻike ʻana o kēlā me kēia o ka honua i ko mākou mau maka ponoʻī, hoʻololi ʻia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo mai kēlā me kēia kanaka.
Manaʻo mākaʻikaʻi
E like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia, ua aʻo ka honua post-pandemic i ke koʻikoʻi o ka manaʻo o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi e like me ka ʻokoʻa mai ka palekana a i ʻole ka palekana. Hiki iā mākou ke wehewehe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻo ia kahi e hui ai ka palekana, ka palekana, ke olakino lehulehu, ka waiwai a me ka maikaʻi. Mai ka manaʻo o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi, ʻaʻohe ʻokoʻa (a liʻiliʻi paha) ma waena o nā pilikia palekana a me nā pilikia palekana. ʻO nā hana i hoʻolaha maikaʻi ʻia e hōʻino a luku paha i nā ola, ʻo ia nā maʻi maʻi maʻi maʻi e ʻai i ke kumu waiwai a me ka maikaʻi o kahi wahi. ʻAʻole pilikia ka ʻoihana huakaʻi a me nā malihini i nā ʻano huna a me nā ʻano o ka hewa a me ka hoʻoweliweli, akā i nā pilikia o ka biosecurity (ke olakino). Hoʻopili ʻia ka Biosecurity i nā kumuhana like ʻole mai nā maʻi ma nā moku holo moana a hiki i ka wai maʻemaʻe, mai nā maʻi lele a hiki i nā hōʻeha olaola a me nā kauka i aʻo ʻia e mālama i kahi hōʻeha biochemical. Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka ʻoihana huakaʻi, ʻoi aku ka nui o kēia mau pilikia biosecurity. Ma mua o ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19 ua manaʻo ʻia he kuhi hewa i ka huikau ʻana i ka hewa me ka hoʻoweliweli. Pono ka poʻe lawehala mākaʻikaʻi maʻamau e like me ka poʻe ʻeke ʻeke i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e huki mai i ka poʻe malihini i mākaukau i nā mea pōʻino. Ua makemake ka poʻe hoʻoweliweli kahiko e luku i nā ʻoihana a hana i ka ʻilihune a no laila ua ʻike lākou i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi he ʻenemi. No laila, makemake ka ʻoihana "karaima", e like me ka poʻe pickpockets a me nā scammers, e holomua ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi. Loaʻa i kēia mau mea kalaima ka pilina pili me ka mākaʻikaʻi. Hāʻawi ka ʻoihana malihini i ka "mea maka" e hiki ai i nā lawehala ke "loaʻa" i ko lākou ola. ʻAʻole ʻimi ka poʻe hoʻoweliweli i kahi pilina parasitic me ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi akā ʻimi lākou e hoʻopau i nā poʻo kumu i noho ai ka mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO kā lākou pahuhopu ka luku ʻana i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi o ka lāhui a no laila e hoʻomau i ke ala i ka ʻilihune honua. Mai ka manaʻo o ka ʻoihana ka meaʻai a me ka pōʻino, pili ka palekana a me ka hōʻoia (S&S) pilikia a hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻomaha moeʻuhane i moeʻuhane. Ma ka hope o ka honua Covid-19 me ka piʻi ʻana o ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole e like me fentanyl a me nā pilina ma waena o ke kanaka a me ke kālepa wahine a me ka mākaʻikaʻi ua lilo ka māhele ma waena o ka hewa a me ka hoʻoweliweli.
Eia kekahi, ua hoʻokomo ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19 ʻaʻole wale i kahi mea hou o ka maopopo ʻole i ka honua o ka mākaʻikaʻi akā he huaʻōlelo hou pū kekahi me nā huaʻōlelo e like me ka biosecurity. Eia kekahi, ʻoiai ua haʻi aku nā hui e like me ka World Health Organization a me ka United States 'Center for Disease i ka makahiki 2023 ua hiki mai ka hopena o ka maʻi maʻi maʻi, aia nō ka maʻi a me ka hoʻoweliweli no ka hoʻi ʻana mai o ka maʻi maʻi Covid, a i ʻole kekahi maʻi maʻi maʻi, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia. Ma mua o ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19, a i kēia manawa ma hope o Covid-19, ʻike mākou i ke koʻikoʻi o ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi (e like me ka ʻokoʻa mai ka palekana mākaʻikaʻi) a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā TOPPs (Tourism-Oriented Policing and Protection Services). ʻO ka huaʻōlelo surety, i ʻaiʻē ʻia mai ka ʻoihana ʻinikua, ʻo ia ka wahi e hui ai ka palekana, ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ka maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke hoʻokele waiwai.
Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi ma luna o ʻelua kumu kumu. ʻO kēia nā:
- I ka hapanui o nā hihia, he manawaleʻa ka huakaʻi a hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hoʻopau ʻia i ka manawa hoʻolaha.
- ʻAʻole hele ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i nā wahi palekana a ʻike paha lākou ʻaʻole palekana.
ʻO kēia mau kumu kumu ʻelua e hāʻawi i ke kumu no ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi a ua hōʻike ʻia ko lākou pilina ma ka pakuhi ma lalo nei.
Ua ʻimi maʻamau ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e pale i ʻehiku mau wahi ʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO kēia mau wahi ʻokoʻa:
Nā malihini i ka ʻāina
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka pale ʻana i nā malihini ma mua o ka mea i ʻike mua ʻia. ʻAʻole maikaʻi nā malihini a pau. Hele kekahi poʻe no nā kumu ʻino a ʻimi e hoʻopōʻino i kekahi. Eia kekahi, i loko o kahi honua o ke kanaka a me ka hoʻopalekana wahine, ʻaʻole i loaʻa kekahi mau malihini i kahi wahi ma ko lākou manaʻo ponoʻī. Ke manaʻo nei aia ka malihini ma kona manaʻo ponoʻī a no nā kumu kūpono, ʻokoʻa ka poʻe malihini mai ka poʻe kamaʻāina i ka hana pinepine ʻana i nā mea a lākou e hana ʻole ai ma ka home a i ʻole hana ma nā ʻano hemahema. Ke ʻimi nei ka ʻoiaʻiʻo mākaʻikaʻi e pale i ka malihini mai kahi hui like ʻole o ka poʻe e pili ana i nā kamaʻāina, nā malihini ʻē aʻe, nā limahana hoʻopunipuni a i ʻole nā mea hana kiʻi i loko o ka ʻoihana, a me ka hoʻoweliweli i ke olakino o ka malihini a i ʻole ka poʻe huakaʻi. Hoʻomaopopo ka poʻe ʻoihana hōʻoia i ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻaʻole maikaʻi nā malihini a pau. ʻO ka mea pōʻino, aia kekahi poʻe e hele i nā wahi ʻē aʻe e hopu i ka mea hala ʻole. ʻO nā laʻana o ka malihini noʻonoʻo hewa, ʻo ia ka poʻe pickpockets e hele ana mai kahi hanana i kahi hanana a i ʻole mai kahi wahi a i kekahi. Ke hana nei kēlā mau mea lawehala e like me ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi akā hele lākou i kahi huakaʻi e hopu ai i nā mea mākaʻikaʻi ʻē aʻe. Ma ke ʻano like he pono e pale aku i ka malihini mai ka poʻe hewa ʻole e hana ana i ka ʻoihana ponoʻī. Ua hōʻike ʻo Covid-19 i ka ʻoihana i ka mea nui o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi a me nā maʻi. ʻO nā mea hoʻolako huakaʻi hiki ʻole ke hāʻawi i ka lawelawe maʻemaʻe, palekana, palekana a maikaʻi hoʻi ʻaʻole wale lākou e hoʻopilikia i kā lākou ʻoihana akā ʻo ka ʻoihana holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā limahana i hana ma ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi
Ke hana nei nā polokalamu ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka palekana a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā limahana e hana ana ma nā hōkele, nā hale ʻaina, ma nā moku a me nā mokulele a me nā mea e hana ai, nā mea e makaʻala ai, a pehea e pale ai iā lākou iho. ʻAʻole manaʻo kēia ʻōlelo he mea akamai kēlā me kēia limahana i ka pale ponoʻī pilikino, akā ʻo ia ke ʻano he pono e hoʻolālā ʻia kahi hoʻolālā palekana mākaʻikaʻi i kēlā me kēia manawa e hana ana nā kānaka. Ke hana nei nā polokalamu ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka palekana a hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā limahana e hana ana ma nā hōkele, nā hale ʻaina, ma nā moku a me nā mokulele a me nā mea e hana ai, nā mea e makaʻala ai, a pehea e pale ai iā lākou iho. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā limahana o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ka laina mua i ka ʻike ʻana a i ʻole ka pale ʻana i ka poʻe i kālepa ʻia a i ʻole i ka ʻike ʻana i kahi hana hewa a hoʻoweliweli paha.
ʻO ke kaiapuni kino a me nā waiwai moʻomeheu o ka wahi
Aia kēia māhele i nā mea a pau mai ke kaiaola kūloko a hiki i nā ʻōlelo hōʻoia e hāʻawi mākou i nā malihini i ka wai a lākou e ʻai ai a i ʻole ka meaʻai a lākou e ʻai ai, ʻaʻole ia e maʻi iā lākou. ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ke poina e hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka ʻike huakaʻi o ka malihini e like me ka maʻalahi o ka meaʻai i haumia e like me ka hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia e ka hana hewa. Pono e hana pū nā ʻelele hoʻopaʻa mākaʻikaʻi me nā hui moʻomeheu kūloko i mea e pale ai i kēia mau hui moʻomeheu a i ʻole nā hui. Pono lākou e kōkua i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i ke kaulike ma waena o ka hiki a me ka ʻono kūʻokoʻa a i ʻole nā moʻomeheu kūloko. ʻO Gor laʻana, hiki i nā mokupuni ʻo Galapagos o ʻEkuador ke lilo i ka poʻe malihini kipa i ʻole ke kumu o ke kipa ʻana i kēia mau mokupuni. Pono ka poʻe ʻoihana hoʻopaʻa mākaʻikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana o ko lākou wahi a ʻaʻole e loaʻa i ka overtourism e alakaʻi ana i ka lilo ʻana a i ʻole ka luku ʻia.
Ke kahua o ka wahi/mea kanu kino
Hoʻomāinoino pinepine ka poʻe kipa i nā pūnaewele kūloko, inā paha he mau wahi hoʻokipa kēia, hale hōʻikeʻike a hōkele paha. Nānā maikaʻi ʻia kahi papahana hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kaiapuni kino a hoʻohālikelike me ke ʻano o ka malihini e hoʻohana nei i ka pūnaewele. Hiki ke loli ka pono o ka mālama ʻana i ka pūnaewele i nā manawa like ʻole o ka makahiki. No ka laʻana, hiki i kahi kaiāulu kahakai ke hoʻokipa i nā haumāna kula ʻōpio he nui i ka wā hoʻomaha hoʻomaha akā hoʻololi pū i nā hoʻomaha pili ʻohana i nā kau ʻē aʻe o ka makahiki.
Ka pale ʻana i kahi huakaʻi mai ka pilikia a me ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana
ʻAʻole pili wale ka papahana ʻoiaʻiʻo mākaʻikaʻi maikaʻi i nā pilikia palekana a me ka palekana, akā ke ʻimi pū nei hoʻi e mālama i ka pilikia. I ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi, ʻo ka hoʻokele pilikia he mea koʻikoʻi o ka palekana a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo. ʻOi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka pale ʻana i kahi hanana maikaʻi ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana mai kahi hanana a hiki ke pale i ka hoʻopiʻi kūʻai ʻana a me nā uku loio. Pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa nā luna hoʻomalu o ka mākaʻikaʻi i nā limahana i ʻole lākou e hoʻopiʻi ʻia no nā hana kūpono ʻole a i ʻole nā hana e hōʻike maikaʻi ʻole i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻāina.
Ka inoa o ka wahi
Pili loa i ka ʻaoʻao kānāwai o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻo ia ka hōʻoia inoa. Hiki i nā makahiki a me nā miliona kālā ke loaʻa hou ka hilinaʻi o ka lehulehu ma hope o ka hana hewa nui, ka pōʻino olakino a i ʻole ka pilikia kaiapuni. Akā na'e, hā'awi pinepine ka po'e 'oihana māka'ika'i a me ka 'oihana malihini i kekahi mea 'ē a'e ma mua o ka lawelawe lehelehe i kahi papahana ho'opa'a ho'okipa maika'i. Aʻo maikaʻi ka hoʻokele pilikia o ka mākaʻikaʻi he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka pale ʻana i kahi pōʻino ma mua o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka inoa o ke kanaka, kahi ʻoihana a i ʻole ka inoa o kahi wahi.
ʻO ka mea hōʻoia o ka poʻe kipa i ka honua hou post-Covid o ka mākaʻikaʻi
I loko o ka honua post-Covid, pono e kau ʻia ka pale o nā mākaʻikaʻi ma kahi o nā hoʻoweliweli kino wale nō e like me ka pōā a i ʻole ka hana hoʻoweliweli akā i nā pilikia olakino. ʻO nā limahana i loko o nā ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e like me nā hōkele a me nā hale ʻaina he mau kānaka palupalu nō hoʻi e pono e hana ma kahi ʻano i hoʻoweliweli ʻia nā maʻi. Pela no na luna hoomalu makaikai. Eia kekahi, ʻaʻole wale kēia poʻe e kū nei i ko lākou olakino ponoʻī akā hiki nō hoʻi iā lākou ke hoʻoili i kēia mau pilikia i nā lālā o ko lākou ʻohana ponoʻī a lawe mai i kahi maʻi ʻohana e hana.
Hoʻopilikia kēia mau pilikia i kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi a me ka ʻoihana huakaʻi mai: ka ʻoihana holo moku mokulele a i ka ʻoihana hōkele a me ka hale ʻaina, mai nā wahi mākaʻikaʻi a i ka ʻoihana hui a me nā hui. Hōʻike ka honua post-Covid i ke koʻikoʻi o ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e aʻo e hana me ka ʻoihana olakino a me ke olakino a pehea ka pili ʻana o kēia mau ʻoihana ʻelua. No ka laʻana, ʻike ka Maine Tourism Association i ka nui o ka ʻoihana mālama olakino e hiki ke aʻo mai ka mākaʻikaʻi ke ʻōlelo ʻia: "ʻO nā loina o ka hoʻokipa, e like me ka nānā ʻana, empathy, a me ka pane ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi mālama olakino e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻike maʻi a hoʻoikaika i ka ho'ōla. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Malvasia Health Care System o Helene "Ua ʻike ka United Nations World Tourism Organization (2015) hiki i ka mākaʻikaʻi ke kōkua i ke olakino a me ka maikaʻi ma nā ʻano ala ʻole like ʻole me ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana i ka loaʻa kālā i loaʻa i nā lawelawe e pili ana i ke olakino.
ʻO nā mea like ma waena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka mākaʻikaʻi e pili ana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi. Aia nā mea like ʻē aʻe ma waena o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka palekana mākaʻikaʻi. E like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau, pono e hana mua nā mea hōʻoia i ka hōʻoia ʻana a e like me ke ʻano o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka palekana o ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka ʻoiaʻiʻo hoʻi i ka mākaʻikaʻi he ʻano hana like ia me ka ʻepekema. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēlā me kēia hiʻohiʻona o ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi ma kahi hoʻomau i hoʻokumu ʻia ʻaʻole wale ma luna o ka ʻike a me nā mākau o kēlā me kēia kauka akā ʻo ka naʻau a me ka noʻonoʻo a i ʻole ka manaʻo. Loaʻa kēia mau ʻano like ma waena o ke kahua palekana akā ʻoiaʻiʻo nō i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi kahi pono e hui pū ʻia ka palekana me ka lawelawe mea kūʻai aku a me ka nānā ʻana i ka manaʻo o ka malihini. E like me ka ʻokoʻa ʻana mai nā ʻano palekana ʻē aʻe, pono e kū i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe ka ʻoihana hōʻoia mākaʻikaʻi, he lehulehu a pilikino paha. Ma waena o kēia mau mea:
- Pono e mālama ʻia ka manaʻo o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o kahi ʻoihana kūʻai aku i ke kilokilo a me ka enchantment. ʻAʻole hiki i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ke hoʻokō i kekahi hana ʻino e hoʻopau i ke kiʻi o kahi wahi. 'O ia ho'i, pono e ho'opa'a 'ia ka 'oia'i'o māka'ika'i ma ke 'ano i mea e hō'oia'i'o ai i ka lehulehu i ka palekana akā i ka manawa like 'a'ole e maka'u ka lehulehu.
- Hiki ke kōkua nui ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ke kūʻai ʻana i kahi huahana huakaʻi akā pono e hana ʻia i lilo i ʻāpana o ka hoʻolaha kūʻai holoʻokoʻa ma mua o ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kēlā hoʻolaha.
- Pono ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka hana like. I loko o ka honua o ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana, ʻaʻohe wahi no nā hoʻokūkū interagency a i ʻole hōʻole e hui pū. He kuleana ko ka poʻe kipa e manaʻo i kahi ʻike hoʻomaha palekana a palekana.
- Pono ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO ka ʻōlelo ʻana he wahi palekana a pāʻani paha me nā helu i ka wā lōʻihi e hoʻopau i ka hilinaʻi o ka wahi a pau nā malihini i ka manaʻoʻiʻo i ka mea i haʻi ʻia iā lākou. Pono nā luna mākaʻikaʻi e haʻi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a loaʻa ka ʻikepili e kākoʻo ai i kā lākou ʻōlelo. Inā ʻeha ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a laila ʻo ka hoʻoholo ʻana e hoʻopukapuka i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka pilikia ma mua o ka hūnā ʻana i ka pilikia.
- Pono nā luna mākaʻikaʻi e hakakā i nā kaua o kēia makahiki a ʻaʻole i nā kaua o ka makahiki i hala. Hoʻoponopono pinepine ʻia nā luna mākaʻikaʻi e kahi pilikia mai nā makahiki i hala a hiki ʻole ke ʻike i kahi pilikia hou e ulu mai ana. Pono e ʻike ka poʻe loea i ka wā i hala akā ʻaʻole nā paahao. No ka laʻana, inā ma kekahi wahi i ʻike ai nā ʻelele ua pani ka hewa o ka ʻaihue ʻike i nā hewa o ka hoʻohilahila ʻana, a laila pono nā luna e ʻike i ke kūlana hou a e hana i nā hana e pale ai i ka lehulehu huakaʻi.
- ʻO nā ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i koho e haʻalele i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mākaʻikaʻi e wehe ana iā lākou iho ʻaʻole i ka pohō kālā wale nō akā i nā hihia nui a me nā pilikia pili.
- Hoʻohui ka poʻe ʻoihana hoʻopaʻa mākaʻikaʻi i hoʻomaʻamaʻa maikaʻi i ka laina lalo ma mua o ka unuhi ʻana mai ia mea, a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūpono hiki ke hoʻohui i kahi ʻāpana kūʻai hou i kahi huahana huakaʻi.
Ke hāpai nei ka honua post-Covid o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka nīnau o ka loiloi quantitative a he hōʻailona ia o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka pilina kanaka me ke kanaka i ka robot a i ʻole nā mea hana akamai. Pono anei mākou e nānā i ka ʻoihana ma o ka pae macro o ka nānā ʻana i nā helu helu a i ʻole ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka pae pilikino a me ka micro o ka nānā ʻana? Ua alakaʻi ka manaʻo nui i ke olakino a me ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka depersonalization nui aʻe? No ka laʻana, ʻo ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i nā makahiki 2020 a me 2021 i wehewehe ʻia e ka nui o nā hihia Covid a i ʻole nā make a me ka nui o ke kālā i nalowale i ka ʻoihana. I kēia manawa ma hope o Covid e hoʻoholo ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi inā kau ʻo ia i kāna manaʻo nui i ka lawelawe kanaka a me ka mea kūʻai aku, a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o ka loiloi pilikino e nā helu. No ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia pilikia, ʻo ka maʻi maʻi Covid-19 a me kona wā inflationary i hoʻoneʻe i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i nā hihia he nui loa mai ka launa pū ʻana o ke kanaka a hoʻololi i nā kānaka me nā robotic a i ʻole AI i alakaʻi ʻia i nā mīkini pani. Inā pili ka huakaʻi a me ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka ʻike pilikino, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i ka hoʻomanaʻo a laila pehea ka nui o kēia makahiki hou o nā robotics, artificial intelligence a me quantitative planning dehumanize i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi? Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Kakauolelo Nui o nā Aupuni Hui Pū ʻIa ʻo Ban Ki-moon e pili ana i ka "numbers dilemma" (e hōʻailona ana i ka pilina kanaka ʻole) i kāna ʻōlelo ʻana ma 2016: "Ua maopopo iā mākou ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia nā kānaka i nā helu wale nō. Ua ʻike naʻe ʻo Ban Ki-moon, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā kānaka ma mua o nā hōʻailona helu helu. He aha ka mea hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ka mākaʻikaʻi i ka makahiki 2016 i lilo i mea maoli i ka huakaʻi post-Covid o ka waena o ke kolu o nā makahiki he iwakāluakūmākahi. Pono nā alakaʻi huakaʻi a me nā ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e hoʻomanaʻo i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o kā lākou ʻoihana he huahana abstract a hui pū kekahi. No laila hiki iā mākou ke ana i nā hopena o ka mākaʻikaʻi, ehia mau pō lumi a mākou e kūʻai aku ai, ehia mau noho mokulele i kaʻawale. ʻO ka huakaʻi a me ka mākaʻikaʻi, aia nō kona mau mea hiki ʻole ke ana. Ua kākau ʻo Kahn & Narawane e pili ana i nā e-huahana a me nā huahana paʻakikī: "Hiki ke ana ʻia ka ʻoluʻolu o nā mea kūʻai aku (Zeithaml et al., 2009), akā ikaika ia a hiki ke loli i ka manawa a hoʻololi ʻia e nā kumu maoli.
ʻO ka nīnau a mākou e nīnau ai, ʻo ia: Ua lilo nā ʻaoʻao hoʻonaʻauao a hoʻohana ʻia o ka ʻoihana huakaʻi a me nā ʻaoʻao hoʻohana i poina i ka ʻoihana ʻo kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai aku he kanaka hoʻokahi a ʻo ka huakaʻi, ʻoi aku ka huakaʻi leʻaleʻa, he mea kū hoʻokahi ia no kēlā me kēia mea kūʻai? I loko o kahi honua post-Covid nui nā huakaʻi leʻaleʻa e hilahila, a me ka huhū ʻana i ka lilo ʻana, hoʻemi ʻia i kahi helu wale nō. Me ka loaʻa ʻole o kekahi "je ne sais quoi" e pili ana i nā hana a me nā ʻike o kēlā me kēia huakaʻi a lilo ka mākaʻikaʻi i mea ʻē aʻe ma mua o ka hoʻemi ʻana o ke kanaka i nā ʻano helu quantitative.
E like me kā mākou i aʻo ai i ka wā maʻi maʻi Covid-19, haʻi nā helu i kahi moʻolelo hapa wale nō. Hoʻohana pinepine ka poʻe kālai'āina, nā alakaʻi ʻoihana, a me nā mea hoʻonaʻauao i kēia mau helu no ke kākoʻo ʻana i nā kūlana politika predisposed a i ʻole nā kuhiakau hoʻonaʻauao. Inā hoʻohana ʻia lākou, a laila pono mākou e nīnau inā hāʻawi ka ʻikepili helu i nā wehewehe pono ʻole o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, a i ʻole e hoʻopuka wale lākou i nā hoʻopunipuni o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo? Ke hāʻawi nei kēia mau ʻano ana i kahi kiʻi maopopo o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo a mākou i manaʻoʻiʻo pinepine ai a i ʻole nalo lākou i ke ʻano o ka ʻuhane o ke kanaka a no laila hiki ke alakaʻi i nā hopena hoʻopunipuni?
ʻO ka pilikia, ʻo ka nui o ka ʻikepili i loaʻa iā mākou, a i ʻole pono paha, ʻike maoli nā mea hoʻonaʻauao mākaʻikaʻi a me nā ʻoihana noiʻi ʻo ka mākaʻikaʻi ka hoʻolauleʻa o kēlā me kēia kanaka. ʻAʻole makemake ka malihini, ka mākaʻikaʻi, a i ʻole ka mea huakaʻi e lilo i ʻāpana o ka cohort, a i ʻole kahi ʻano, akā he mea kūʻai kūʻokoʻa. ʻO ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka malihini i kahi widget dehumanized ʻo ka lilo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka raison d'être a ka mākaʻikaʻi. ʻO ka ʻimi ʻana i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he ʻāpana o kēia ʻano pilikino. He laʻana hoʻi ia o ka wehewehe pinepine ʻole ʻana o ka helu helu maʻemaʻe i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka mākaʻikaʻi. Eia kekahi laʻana, ma kahi ʻatikala i paʻi ʻia ma "The Conversation" heluhelu mākou: "Ke lilo nei ka ʻoiaʻiʻo i mea waiwai nui i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e ʻimi nei e hoʻoinu iā lākou iho i nā moʻomeheu kūloko a me nā kaiapuni.
Mai Depersonalization a hiki i Re-personalization
Ua lilo ka honua o ka mākaʻikaʻi post-Covid i honua o nā noiʻi. Ua ʻae ka polokalamu hou e hoʻemi ʻia ka launa pū ʻana me ke alo i nā helu wale nō. Ua ʻike ʻo Anna Karpf, kākau i ka Guardian: "Welcome to the world of metrics. Ua maʻalahi ka polokalamu i ka bureaucratization o ka manaʻo a ua hoʻololi i ka hopohopo. A i ʻole inā e hana ʻia ma ka hopena o kahi nīnau kelepona, heluhelu ʻia ia mai kahi palapala e kekahi poʻe hana ʻilihune, pōʻino. Ua huhū ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i ka mea i manaʻo ʻia he moʻo pau ʻole o nā nīnau nīnau invasive. Ua pane ʻo Karpf i kēia nui o nā noiʻi i kāna ʻōlelo ʻana: "Ua makemake nui nā hui i kā mākou manaʻo a inā mākou e ʻae iā lākou āpau, e lilo ia i hana manawa piha - ʻaʻole i uku ʻia, ʻoiaʻiʻo, i hiki ʻole iā mākou ke kūʻai i kekahi mea a hele i nā wahi ʻē aʻe. I kēia lā, aneane hiki ʻole ke manaʻo ʻole i ka "over-surveyed". Me he mea lā i kēlā me kēia manawa mākou e kamaʻilio ai i kahi mokulele, hui hoʻolimalima kaʻa, ʻai i loko o kahi hale ʻaina, kipa i kahi mea hoʻokipa a ʻaʻole hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka hui e noi ana i kahi noiʻi "pōkole" o ka manaʻo o ka mea kūʻai. No ka hoʻonāukiuki ʻana i ka nīnau, ua hoʻolālā ka poʻe hana nīnau nīnau i kā lākou noiʻi ma ke ʻano e hoʻoikaika i ka pane i makemake ʻia. No laila, ʻaʻole lilo ka noiʻi i mea hana noiʻi i mea e kōkua ai i ka ʻoihana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kāna huahana a i ʻole lawelawe mea kūʻai aku akā he mea hana kūʻai wale nō kahi e koi ʻia ai ka mea kūʻai aku e lilo i ʻāpana o ka hoʻolaha kūʻai ʻana o ka huahana.
ʻO ka Depersonalization o ka mākaʻikaʻi a me ka palekana o ka mākaʻikaʻi
ʻO ka neʻe ʻana mai ka hoʻopilikino ʻana ua hoʻopilikia pū i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo mākaʻikaʻi. Ua lilo ka hewa i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi i mea pāʻani helu e hoʻemi ʻia ai ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana o ke kanaka i ka nui.
ʻO nā mea kākau moʻolelo i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ke nānā nei i hope i ka wā mākaʻikaʻi post-Covid, hiki ke hoʻowalewale ʻia e kapa i kēia manawa fin de siècle hou he manawa o ka hoʻokaʻawale hohonu. ʻO nā makahiki hope loa o ke kenekulia hope, a me nā makahiki mua o kēia kenekulia, ua piha i nā kaua honua a me nā haunaele kūloko. ʻIke ʻia ka makahiki 2024 me ka honua ma ke ʻano o ke kaua nuklea. Eia kekahi, pilikia ka hapa nui o Asia a me ʻEulopa i ka hoʻokaʻawale lāhui a me ka lāhui me ka piʻi mau o ka hana ʻino. ʻO kahi ala i hoʻomaka ai ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi e hakakā hou ma o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā lawelawe palekana pilikino i kapa ʻia ʻo TOPPs (Tourism-Oriented Policing and Protection Services). ʻAʻole i maʻalahi ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā keʻena palekana i hoʻolaʻa ʻia i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi. ʻOiai ua loaʻa i nā hui TOPP ko lākou poʻe kākoʻo, ua loaʻa pū kekahi i kā lākou mau mea hōʻino. ʻOiai ua hōʻike ʻo Covid-19 i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi ʻaʻole hiki iā ia ke ola me ka ʻole o kahi kaiapuni palekana, palekana, a olakino, no nā makahiki he nui i loaʻa i ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi kahi pilina aloha-inaina me ka hoʻokō kānāwai. No ka laʻana, i ka 4th Annual Tourism Security Conference i mālama ʻia ma Nowemapa o 2024 ma Bogota, Kolombia, aneane ʻaʻohe ʻelele mai ka ʻoihana mākaʻikaʻi i hele mai. ʻO ka hālāwai kūkā ʻo Bogota, kekahi o nā mea i mālama ʻia ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, hōʻike i ka nui o ke kumuhana a pili i nā pilikia e like me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ʻole, ke kālepa kanaka a me ka wahine, ka pale ʻana i ka hewa, nā hana hoʻoweliweli hou, a me ka palekana o ka ea a me ke awa.