Ma ka ʻatikala o kēia pule, nānā mākou i ka hihia o ka National Restaurant Association v. New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, 654024/15 Decision (2/10/2017)(NYAD 1st Dept) kahi i kūʻē ai ka National Restaurant Association i ke kānāwai. o kekahi rula i aponoia e ka Papa Ola Ola o New York City (ka Papa) e koi ana i na "chain restaurants" "e kau i ka ikona lulu paakai ma ka aoao o kekahi mea ai ai ole ia hui pu ana me 2300 mg a oi aku ka paakai, a me keia olelo e wehewehe ana i ka 'o ka mana'o o ka ikona: 'oi aku ke ki'eki'e o ka ma'i'o sodium (pa'akai) o keia 'ikamu ma mua o ka nui o ka palena i mana'o 'ia i kēlā me kēia lā (2300 mg). Hiki ke ho'onui i ke koko a me ka pilikia o ka ma'i pu'uwai a me ka hahau '. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻi no ka uhaki ʻana i kēia ʻāpana he $200 ka uku, i hoʻomaka ʻia ma Malaki 1, 2016″. Kūkākūkā ʻia kēia hihia ma lalo nei.
Hoʻohou i nā Pahuhopu Terror
Paris, France
Ma Rubin, Breeden & Morenne, Haʻalele ʻo Paris Shootout i ka mākaʻi a me Gunman Dead, nytimes.com (4/20/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "ʻO kahi kanaka pū e hoʻohana ana i ka pu raifela i ka pō Poʻahā i pepehi i kahi mākaʻi ma ke alanui kaulana loa o ke kūlanakauhale. , nā Champs-Elysees, e hoʻoulu ana i nā makaʻu nui loa o Farani no ka hoʻouka kaua hoʻoweliweli…Ua kī ʻia ka mea pū e nā mākaʻi i kona hoʻāʻo ʻana e holo wāwae; ʻElua mau mākaʻi ʻē aʻe a me kahi mea e kū ana i ʻeha… Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka ʻana i ka makaʻu a me ka hakakā ʻana no ka malu, a ua hoʻomaka nā luna e ʻimi i nā mea kōkua ma hope o ka hoʻouka ʻana”.
ʻApekanikana
Ma Mashal & Rahim, Taliban Attack Afghan Army Base, Killing Dozens, nytimes.com (4/21/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "Ua pepehi ʻia nā pūʻali koa i ka Pōʻalima i ka wā i hōʻea ai nā pūʻali koa Taliban a me nā mea pepehi pepehi kanaka i nā ʻaʻahu pūʻali koa i kahi kahua pūʻali koa Afghan. ma ka ʻākau o Afghanistan…Ua hoʻomaka ka hoʻouka ʻana… ma kahi o ka hola 1 pm ma kahi ākea kahi e haʻalele ai nā koa, ka hapa nui o lākou i ka pule Pōʻalima a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻana i ka ʻaina awakea”.
Fresno, Kaleponi
Ma Haag, ka poʻe pū, i manaʻo ʻia e ʻimi i nā keʻokeʻo, pepehi iā 3 ma Fresno, wahi a nā mākaʻi. nytimes.com(4/18/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "I ka wā i aʻo ai ʻo Kori Ali Muhammad, kahi kanaka home ʻole i hōʻike i ka inaina o ka poʻe keʻokeʻo a me ke aupuni, i ke kakahiaka Poalua ua makemake ʻia ʻo ia i ka pepehi ʻana i kahi palekana Motel 6. kiaʻi ma Fresno, Calif., ua hoʻoholo ʻo ia e pepehi hou, wahi a nā mākaʻi. Ma kahi o 10:45 am, ua hele ʻo Mr. Muhammad i kahi kaʻa lako Pacific Gas & Electric a make i ka pana ʻana i kahi limahana keʻokeʻo 34 makahiki ma ka noho kaʻa… Ma kahi o hoʻokahi minute, ua kī ʻo Mr. Muhammad i 16 mau pōkā mai he .357-caliber revolver ma luna o kekahi mau poloka, a make ekolu kanaka keokeo ma ke koho wale”.
E ʻoluʻolu e nā limahana o ka mokulele
Ma Rosenberg, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo American Airlines i ka mea lele ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana ma luna o ka Stroller, nytimes.com (4/22/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo American Airlines i kahi kahu mokulele ma hope o ka hakakā ʻana ma ka Pōʻalima i lawe ai ke kahu i kahi kaʻa mai kahi wahine e hele ana. me ʻelua mau keiki liʻiliʻi a hoʻopaʻapaʻa pū me nā mea kaʻa ʻē aʻe. Ua hopu ʻia ka ʻāpana, ma kahi hapa, ma ke wikiō… ʻO ke kahu, ʻaʻole i hoʻokuʻu ʻia kona inoa e ka mokulele, hopu i ka stroller mai ka wahine mai, e lawe ana i nā māhoe 15 mau mahina, ʻōlelo ʻia kahi mea e kokoke ana. Ua hōʻike ʻia kahi wikiō i hoʻolaha ʻia i ka lehulehu media e hele kokoke mai ana ke kahu me kahi kaʻa ʻē aʻe i hoʻoweliweli iā ia ma hope o ka hakakā ʻana me ka wahine.
E ʻoluʻolu
Ma Lieber, Pehea e aʻo ai nā limahana mokulele e hana me ʻoe, nytimes.com (4/22/2017 i hōʻike ʻia "I nā huakaʻi he nui, ʻo kēia mau mea a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma luna o nā pule i hala iho nei e hōʻike ana i kahi ʻoihana mokulele i ʻole ka mana, ʻO ka poʻe e hana ana ma nā laina mua o ka ʻoihana, e noʻonoʻo lākou iā lākou iho he poʻe pane mua o ke kahua mokulele a me ka lewa, me ka ʻae ʻole i ka manaʻo hou. ʻO ke kuleana o ka palekana o nā kaʻa e like me ka poʻe e hoʻokele ana i nā mokulele. Ke hana nei lākou pēlā, wahi a ka poʻe he nui, me ka ʻole o nā limahana kūpono a i ʻole nā waiwai a ma waena o ka manaʻo kānalua a me ka mahalo ʻole o ka poʻe kaʻa.
Hoʻopau ʻia ka hihia ʻo Delta/Airtran Antitrust
Ua hui pū ʻo Delta lāua ʻo AirTran e uku i ka uku ʻeke mua?, www.eturbonews.com (10/5/2016) ua kūkākūkā mākou i kahi hoʻopiʻi hana papa i lawe ʻia e nā poʻe kaʻa e ʻōlelo ana ua kipi ʻo Delta a me AirTran e hoʻopaʻa i ka uku ʻeke mua e kūʻē i ke kumu kūʻai o nā kānāwai anti-trust US. Ua hoʻoholo ʻia kēia hihia. E ʻike iā McDonald, Judge Clears Delta, AitrTran of Antitrust Violations, dailyreportonline.com (3/29/2017)(“Ma hope o ʻewalu mau makahiki o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi luna kānāwai federal ma Atlanta… ʻO nā mokulele o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai ma ke kānāwai ʻole i ka wā i kau mua ai lākou i nā uku ʻeke kaʻa ka mea maʻamau i kēia manawa no ka lehulehu lele… Ua hoʻoholo ʻo Lunakanawai Apana ʻAmelika ʻo Timothy Batten… ʻaʻole lawa nā hōʻike e kākoʻo ai i ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana ua hoʻohana nā luna o ka mokulele i nā wahi he nui-me nā kelepona kālā o ka lehulehu. me nā mea noiʻi palekana, nā ʻaha kūkā o ka ʻoihana, kūkākūkā pū me nā luna mokulele ʻo Atlanta a me kahi 'hua waina' ʻole e hoʻonohonoho i kā lākou hoʻokomo ʻana i nā uku. e ʻae i ka mea ʻimi ʻoiaʻiʻo kūpono e ʻike i ke ʻano o kahi kipi, no ka mea, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka hiki ke hana i nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia. kūʻokoʻa…ʻAʻohe pilikia maoli no ka hoʻokolokolo '. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Batten i ka hihia e kūʻē i nā mokulele ʻelua ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana i kahi papa o nā mea hoʻopiʻi hiki ke komo ma mua o 28 miliona mau mea kūʻai. I ka wā o ka hoʻopiʻi ʻana, ua hoʻopiʻi ʻo Batten i $ 7.6 miliona i nā uku a me nā uku kūʻē iā Delta no ka nalowale ʻana a i ʻole ka luku ʻana i nā faila uila i nā mahina koʻikoʻi o 2008 e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻoholo uku ʻeke.
ʻAʻohe uku uku, ʻaʻole lele
Ma Sablich, ʻO kēlā mau uku mokulele Pesky a me pehea e pale aku ai iā lākou, nytimes.com (3/27/2017) ua ʻike ʻia ʻo "He aha ke kumukūʻai o kahi pākeke ma kahi mokulele anu? ʻAʻole $12, ʻaʻole ma ka liʻiliʻi loa no hoʻokahi kaʻa ma kahi mokulele Hawaiian Airlines hou mai Las Vegas a i Hawaii. Ua hoʻopaʻi ʻia kahi kanaka 66 makahiki he $12 no ka pale, ʻaʻole me kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoiai ua hoʻohuli ʻia ka lele i Los Angeles. Wahi a nā moʻolelo nūhou, ua manaʻo ʻia ka mea holo kaʻa e ka mākaʻi mokulele ma hope o ka ʻōlelo ʻana 'makemake ʻo ia e lawe i kekahi ma hope o ka ululāʻau no kēia' a ua hoʻoneʻe ʻia mai ka lele… George Hobica, ka mea hoʻokumu o Airfarewatchdog.com, i ʻōlelo: " Manaʻo wau ua hāʻawi wale ka Hawaiʻi iā ia me ka manuahi. ʻO ka hana ʻana i kēlā pae ulia pōpilikia he mau kaukani kālā Hawaiʻi. ʻOi aku ka naʻaupō o kēia uku ma mua o ka exorbitant".
No Ha'alele Noho, Loa'a ka Ihu Ha'i
Ma Smith, pono paha i ka holo ʻana o United Airlines Passenger, Lawyer Says, nytimes.com (4/13/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "ua huki ʻia kahi loio no ka mea kaʻa i kahi mokulele United i ka lā Lāpule i helu i nā hōʻeha o kāna mea kūʻai: he ihu haki, he ʻo ka concussion, ʻelua mau niho kīkēkē a me nā pilikia sinus e pono ai ke ʻoki hou ʻana.
Ma Olen, ʻAʻole ʻo United Airlines wale nō, Op-Ed, nytimes.com (4/11/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "Ua loaʻa ʻo United Airlines iā ia iho i ke kikowaena o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa media i kēia pule, ma hope o kahi wikiō weliweli o ke kauka. Ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo ia mai kahi noho kaʻa ma kekahi o kāna mau mokulele. ʻO ke kanaka, e like me nā hōʻike i paʻi ʻia, ua koho ʻia e kuʻi ʻia no ka mea pono ka mokulele e lawe i ʻehā mau limahana ma ka lele i kūʻai ʻia. Ua hōʻole ke kauka e haʻalele, ua kāhea nā luna o ka mokulele i ka hoʻokō kānāwai, a ua huki ʻia ʻo ia e ka palekana, me ke koko, mai ka mokulele… Ke hele mau nei nā mokulele i nā ala hou a me nā ʻano hou e hoʻoluhi i kahi hui liʻiliʻi, ʻoiai e mālama ana i ka hapa nui o nā mea lele me ka nui. a oi aku ka hoowahawaha. He mea maʻamau ka United Airlines. Ua hoʻomaka koke ka mokulele i nā moena hoʻopili no ka poʻe huakaʻi ʻoihana, piha me nā kukui o ke ʻano, nā kākoʻo lumbar hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia a me nā moena mai Saks Fifth Avenue. Akā ʻo ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi o ka papa kaʻi o United e pili ana i ka nickel a me ka diming mau. ʻO ke keʻena wāwae wāwae he uku keu. No laila, no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi ma ka papa mokulele 'Basic Economy' hou, ʻo ia ka hiki ke koho i kahi noho i ka wā e hoʻopaʻa ai i kahi lele a i ʻole ka hiki ke lawe i nā ʻeke liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi ma luna o ka mokulele.
E ho'āʻo iā Hyperloop Capsule ma kahi
I ka First full scale Passenger Hyperloop Capsule ke kūkulu ʻia nei, etn.travel (3/21/2017) ua ʻike ʻia ʻo "Hyperloop Transportation Technologies (HTT) i hoʻomaka i ke kūkulu ʻana i ka pākaukau mua o ka Passenger Hyperloop Capsule. ʻO kēia capsule mua ka hopena o nā makahiki ʻekolu a me nā tausani o ka hoʻolālā, noiʻi a me ka nānā ʻana. Ke hoʻomaka nei ke kūkulu ʻana no ka hāʻawi ʻana a me kahi hōʻike kūhelu i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o 2018 ma ke kikowaena R&D o HTT ma Toulouse, Farani no ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka optimization. A laila e hoʻohana ʻia ka capsule i kahi ʻōnaehana kalepa e hoʻolaha koke ʻia mai nā kūkākūkā e hoʻomau nei a me nā noiʻi kūpono e hana nei a puni ka honua.
Ka moʻomeheu kāne o Uber
Ma Isaac, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻo Uber i ka hōʻike ʻokoʻa a hōʻole i kāna 'Hard-Charging Attitude', nytimes.com (3/18/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "Ma hope o ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i kēia makahiki, ua wikiwiki ʻo Uber e hoʻoponopono i kāna moʻomeheu hui. Ua hoʻomaka ka hui kaʻa kaʻa i kahi hoʻokolokolo kūloko i nā hana ma kahi hana, ua hoʻopuka i ke kala ʻana no kekahi o kāna mau ʻano, a ua loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau luna wahine a me kahi lālā o ka papa e kamaʻilio ma kona inoa. Ma ka Poalua, ua hoʻomau ʻo Uber i kāna huakaʻi mea culpa ma ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i kāna hōʻike mua e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kāna pūʻulu hana, e hōʻike ana i kahi waihona limahana kāne nui loa a hōʻike ʻia he keʻokeʻo ka lāhui nui loa. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻole ikaika ka ʻoihana i kāna mea i hala, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua hele lōʻihi loa kāna moʻomeheu kāne. "ʻO nā ikaika a pau, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali," wahi a Liane Hornsey, ka luna hoʻokele waiwai kanaka i koho hou ʻia…'He aha ka mea i alakaʻi iā Uber i ka kūleʻa nui-ʻo kona huhū, ke ʻano paʻakikī-ua hoʻohiolo. A pono e kahi hou '.
ʻO Titanic Wreck Tour, kekahi?
I loko o $105 lua ahi i loko o kāu ʻeke? Pehea e pili ana i ka huakaʻi luʻu ʻo Titanic?, etn.travel (3/22/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "ua hoʻomaka ka hui huakaʻi maikaʻi ʻo Pelekane ʻo Blue Marble Private e kūʻai aku i nā tiketi pipiʻi i ka wahi i wāwahi ʻia o ka Titanic kaao. ʻO ka huakaʻi 'Dive the Titanic' mua i hoʻonohonoho ʻia no Mei 2018 ma kahi o $105,000 i kēlā me kēia kanaka. Hoʻoponopono ʻia no ka hoʻonui ʻana, ua like ke kiʻi me ke kumukūʻai o kahi tikiki papa mua Titanic. E hoʻomaka ana ka huakaʻi ʻewalu lā me ka holo helikopa mai ke kūlanakauhale ʻo St. carbon-fiber submersible, alakaʻi ʻia e kekahi ohua o ka poʻe akamai…He ʻekolu hola ka lōʻihi o ka luʻu ʻana i ke kōkua ʻana i ka hui huakaʻi ma ka moku hoʻoheheʻe a ma luna o ka moku holo moku”.
ʻO ka Waldorf-Astoria
In Hotel History: The Waldorf-Astoria Hotel, ent-travel (4/8/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "Ma Malaki 7, 2017, ua koho ka Landmarks Preservation Commission (o New York City) e pale i nā kikoʻī Art Deco o loko. ʻO ka Hotele Waldorf Astoria nona ka ʻaoʻao i ʻike mua ʻia. I ka makahiki 2015, ua kūʻai aku ʻo China's Anbang Insurance Group i ka Waldorf Astoria no kahi kokoke i $2 biliona mai Hilton Worldwide Holdings, Inc. Ua pani wale ʻo Anbang i ka hōkele no ka hoʻopau piha ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā haneli o nā lumi hoʻokipa i loko o nā condominiums ponoʻī.
Aloha e Permafrost
I loko o kahi ʻatikala Travel Law hou (4/5/2017) ua ʻōlelo maikaʻi mākou iā Arctic Ice a me ka Great Barrier Reef, mahalo i ka hoʻomehana honua. I kēia manawa ke noi aku nei mākou i ka Permafrost pū kekahi. Ma Puna, ʻoi aku ka Permafrost ma mua o ka manaʻo e nalowale e like me ka mahana o ka Planet, nytimes.com (4/11/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "I ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hoʻomehana honua i ka permafrost, ka ʻāina hau e uhi ana ma kahi o ʻeono miliona mau mile kuea ma ka honua. ʻO kahi nīnau nui no ka poʻe ʻepekema: ʻEhia ka mea e nalowale? ʻO ka pane, e like me kahi loiloi hou: ʻoi aku ma mua o ka nui o lākou i manaʻo ai. ʻO kahi haʻawina i paʻi ʻia i ka Pōʻalua ma ka puke pai Nature Climate Change e hōʻike ana i ka wā e mahana ana ka honua i ʻelua degere Celsius (3.6 degere Fahrenheit) ma luna o nā pae preindustrial, ʻo kēlā me kēia degere Celsius o ka hoʻomehana ʻana e alakaʻi i ka thawing ma kahi o 1.5 miliona square mile o ka permafrost. ʻO kēlā helu he 20 pakeneka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā haʻawina mua.
ʻO ka ʻike mokulele, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa
Ma Manjoo, pehea ka ʻenehana i hāʻule ai i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i kāu ʻike mokulele, nytimes.com (4/12/2017) ua ʻike ʻia "He nui nā kumu no ke kūlana minamina o ka mokulele kalepa ma ʻAmelika. I ka hiki ʻana mai i kāu lele weliweli maʻamau - ʻaʻole e haʻi i ke ʻano o ka weliweli weliweli i hana ʻia ma luna o ka United Airlines Flight 3411 i kēia hopena pule i hala aku nei - nā hemahema hoʻoponopono a me ka hoʻohui ʻana, i ʻae ʻia e nā luna e hana ʻole ʻia no nā makahiki he mau makahiki, hiki ke hoʻopiʻi ʻia. . Akā ke hele mai nei au iā ʻoe ma ke ʻano he kolamu ʻenehana e haʻi iā ʻoe ua hāʻule ka ʻenehana iā ʻoe. Haʻaheo ka poʻe ma Silicon Valley i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻonui i nā ʻoihana paʻa. Ua lanakila ʻo Uber i nā kaʻa kaʻa. Ua hoʻolilo ʻo Airbnb i kahi lumi maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi. Ke hoʻopau nei nā lawelawe streaming i ka ʻoihana kelepona. ʻAʻole naʻe ʻo ka ʻoihana mokulele ʻaʻole paʻakikī wale i ka hana hou no ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka lawelawe o nā mea kūʻai aku-ma nā ʻano he nui, ʻo ka ʻenehana wale nō i hoʻoulu i ka lāhui o ka ʻoihana i lalo. ʻO nā mea a pau e pili ana i ka United Flight 3411-overselling, underpaying no nā noho i ka wā i kūʻai nui ʻia ai lākou, ka hōʻole hoʻomana e hāʻawi i ka mihi koke, kahi manaʻo holoʻokoʻa e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka capitalism brutish ka mea maikaʻi loa i hiki i nā mea kūʻai aku ke manaʻo mai kēia honua hāʻule-ua hoʻomoʻa ʻia i ka ʻoihana ʻoihana mokulele. kumu hoʻohālike. A ua hoʻonui ʻia kēlā ʻano ʻoihana e ka ʻenehana. Hoʻonohonoho nā ʻenekini huakaʻi i nā mokulele ma muli o ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka launa a i ʻole ka maikaʻi o ka lawelawe. ʻO ka nānā ʻana ma ka pūnaewele (i loko), nā hale kūʻai mokulele a me nā polokalamu e ʻae i nā mokulele e lawelawe i nā mea kūʻai aku me nā limahana liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka mea a mākou e ʻike nei, ʻo ia ke ʻano haʻahaʻa loa, ʻano ʻino loa o ka ʻenehana-glutted, ʻimi i lalo o ka kapitalism-ʻo ka mea e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai a me nā waiwai ma mua o nā mea ʻē aʻe, me ka manaʻo liʻiliʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka lawelawe, no ka launa ʻana, a i ʻole no ka hanohano o nā mea kūʻai aku ".
Nānā Kānāwai Huakaʻi o ka pule
Ma ka National Restaurant Association vs. New York City Department of Health & Mental Hygiene, ua ʻōlelo ka ʻAha ʻo "He mea nui ka paʻakai i kā mākou meaʻai, a ke ʻai nui ʻia, he pōʻino koʻikoʻi ke olakino. ʻO ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka sodium, ka mea nui o ka paʻakai, hiki ke hoʻoulu i ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a ʻo ia hoʻi e hoʻopili ʻia me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi cardiovascular, congestive heart failure a me ka maʻi kīkī, e like me ka manaʻo nui i waena o nā ʻepekema a me nā keʻena federal i mālama ʻia me ka pale. ke ola kino o ka lāhui. No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i kēia pilikia, ua ʻae ka mea i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo New York City Board of Health (ka Papa) i kahi lula e koi ana i kekahi mau hale ʻaina e hāʻawi i ka ʻike maoli i nā mea kūʻai aku no kēia pilikia. Hoʻopiʻi ʻia kēlā rue i kēia hoʻopiʻi e ka National Restaurant Association (NRA). Ke hōʻoia nei mākou i ka hōʻole ʻana o ka ʻaha hoʻokolokolo i kēlā hoʻopiʻi, ʻoiai ua hana ka Papa ma ke kānāwai, ke kumukānāwai a kūpono hoʻi i loko o kona mana i ka ʻae ʻana i kēia kānāwai palena ʻole ʻia.
Ka Misiona a ka Papa
"Ua ʻae ʻia ka Papa i ka ʻāpana o ka 'Oihana Ola a me ka Hoʻomaʻemaʻe Noʻonoʻo o New York City (ke Keʻena) (a) e hoʻoponopono i nā mea āpau e pili ana i ke olakino ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo New York, me ka nānā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i nā maʻi maʻi a me nā kūlana weliweli i ke ola. a me ka make… a me ka nānā ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka lako meaʻai o ke kūlanakauhale a me nā ʻoihana e pili ana i ke olakino lehulehu ma ke kūlanakauhale a me ka hōʻoia ʻana e mālama ʻia ia mau ʻoihana ma ke ʻano e kūlike me ka makemake o ka lehulehu… he leka hoʻolaha e hōʻike ana i kona manaʻo e ʻae i kekahi lula 'e koi aku i nā hale lawelawe meaʻai i nā mea ʻai hoʻomaʻamaʻa e pili ana i nā mea papa ʻaina i loaʻa ka nui o ka sodium'…Ma Iulai 23, 2015, ua loaʻa i ka Papa he 29 mau manaʻo i kākau ʻia ma ke kānāwai i manaʻo ʻia, a he 2015 i kākoʻo. ia…Ma Sepatemaba 94, 90…ua apono ka Papa i ka pauku 9 o ka New York City Health Code (2015 RCNY) i kapa ʻia 'Sodium Warning'”.
Nā ʻike ʻoiaʻiʻo
“Ma kāna hoʻolaha e ʻae ana i ke Rula, ua hana ka Papa i kēia mau ʻike, ma muli o kāna noiʻi ponoʻī a i ʻole nā ʻōlelo i loaʻa: ʻo ka maʻi cardiovascular ke kumu nui o ka make ma New York City; ʻO ke koko kiʻekiʻe kahi mea hana nui no ka maʻi cardiovascular; ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻai sodium o ke kanaka, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke koko o ke kanaka; ʻO ka Federal Department of Agriculture and Health and Human Services e paipai ana i nā mākua e hoʻemi i ka 2300 mg o ka sodium i kēlā me kēia lā; ka awelika o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sodium i kēlā me kēia lā ma waena o New Yorkers ma mua o 3200 mg; ʻo ka hapa nui o ka lawe ʻana i ka sodium mai ka meaʻai i hana ʻia a me ka hale ʻaina; ʻOi aku ka hapakolu o nā hale ʻai hale ʻai ma ke kūlanakauhale ʻo New York; ʻO ka nui o nā mea hoʻokahi a i hui pū ʻia paha ma nā menus hale ʻaina i ʻoi aku ma mua o 2300 mg o ka sodium; a me nā mea kūʻai e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka sodium o nā meaʻai hale ʻaina".
ʻO ke kūlana o ka NRA
“He hui ʻoihana ka NRA e hōʻike ana i nā hale ʻaina lālā 500,000. Aia kona mau lālā ma mua o ka hapalua o nā Chain Restaurants ma New York City e hoʻopilikia ʻia e ke Rula. Ma ka lā 3 o Kekemapa, 2015, ua waiho ʻo NRA i kahi ʻatikala 78 hui a me ka palapala hoʻokolokolo hoʻokolokolo e kūʻē ana i ke Rula, me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ʻana i ke komo ʻana i ka hana ʻahaʻōlelo a no laila e uhaki i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mana; ʻo ia ka manaʻo ʻole a me ka hoʻopunipuni; ua hoʻoholo ʻia e ke kānāwai federal; a ua uhaki ia i na kuleana Hoololi Mua o na lala o ka mea hoopii”.
Hoʻomākaʻikaʻi ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai
“E pili ana nā hana hoʻoponopono a pau i ka nānā ʻana i ke kumu kūʻai-pono; ʻO ka nīnau ka nui o ka 'hoʻoholo waiwai o ka 'oihana i pili i nā koho paʻakikī a paʻakikī ma waena o nā pahuhopu kulekele ākea-nā koho i mālama ʻia i ka lālā ʻahaʻōlelo. 'A'ole i koi 'ia ka Papa e 'ho'oholo waiwai' 'e pili ana i nā koho pa'akikī a pa'akikī ma waena o nā pahuhopu kulekele ākea'; akā, ma kēia hihia, 'o ka pilina o ka hoʻoponopono me ka mālama ʻana i ke olakino a me ka palekana he pololei loa, aia ka liʻiliʻi o ke keakea ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa pilikino o ka poʻe i mālama ʻia ko lākou olakino, a ʻo nā hoʻoholo waiwai e pili ana i nā hopena o lalo o ka lehulehu. … ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole kaupalena a hoʻoponopono ʻia paha nā mea a Chain Restaurants e kūʻai aku ai.
ʻAʻole ke kānāwai inu kō
"Ma ka hoʻohālikelike, ma Matter of New York Statewide Coalition of Hispanic Chambers of Commerce v. New York City Dept. Of Health & Mental Hygiene, 23 NY 3d 681 (2014), ka mea i hōʻole i ka mana o ka Papa e hana i ka 'Portion Cap Rule' ka pāpā ʻana i kekahi mau hale lawelawe meaʻai mai ke kūʻai aku ʻana i nā mea inu kō i loko o nā pahu ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o 16 mau auneke wai, ʻo ka ʻAha Hoʻopiʻi ua hana ka Papa i nā 'hoʻoholo waiwai' a, ʻaʻole like me ʻaneʻi, kaohi loa i nā mea hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia no ke kūʻai aku.
E like me ke kānāwai ʻo Calorie Content Rule
“ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ka pili ʻana o kēia lula paʻakikī i kekahi, ʻaʻole pono nā hale ʻaina āpau i ka ʻike ʻana ua komo ka Papa i nā kulekele kānāwai, no ka mea, ʻo ka manaʻo paʻa e pili i ke Rula i nā hale ʻai ʻai wikiwiki o ka ʻāina ua hoʻokumu ʻia i ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka palekana lehulehu. ʻOiaʻiʻo, pili ka Rula i nā Chain Restaurants e like me ke kānāwai e koi ana i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻike calorie o nā mea papa inoa (Health Code 81.50), ʻo ia ka helu o ka hapakolu o nā mea kūʻai hale ʻaina āpau ma New York City. ʻO ka hoʻolako ʻana o ke Rula ʻo nā hale ʻaina Chain aupuni wale nō e hāʻawi 'i ka nui o nā mea papa inoa like' ma nā franchise āpau (Health Code 81.49(a)(2)) e koi ʻia e hoʻokō e hiki ai ke hoʻokō pono i ke Rula.
Manao no ka hoemi ana i ka paakai
“ʻO nā Centers for Disease Control. ʻO ka American Heart Association (AHA), World Health Organization (WHO) a me ka Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (AND) nā mea a pau e paipai i ka hoʻemi ʻana i ka ʻai sodium no ke olakino maikaʻi. Manaʻo nā hui ʻē aʻe i nā palena haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i kēlā me kēia lā, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana o WHO ma lalo o 2000 mg i kēlā me kēia lā a ʻo ka AHA e ʻōlelo nei ʻaʻole ʻoi aku ma mua o 1500 mg i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma muli o ka ʻae like ʻana e pili ana i ka ʻepekema ma hope o ke Rula, hōʻole mākou i ka manaʻo o ka mea hoʻopiʻi ʻaʻole e holomua ka Rule i ka pono pilikanaka i ʻōlelo ʻia.
ʻAʻohe hoʻolaha
“ʻO ka hope… ʻaʻole i hoʻokae ʻia ke Rula e ke kānāwai federal. Ua kau 'ia ka Federal Nutrition Labeling and Education Act (NELA) i ka makahiki 1990 'e ho'ākāka a ho'oikaika i ka mana kānāwai o ka Food and Drug Administration e koi i ka ho'opa'a 'ana i ka mea'ai, a me ka ho'okumu 'ana i nā kūlana e hiki ai ke koi 'ia e pili ana i nā mea'ai. …Ma waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe, koi ka NELA i ka hōʻailona ʻike meaʻai i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o nā meaʻai i kūʻai ʻia ma nā hale kūʻai kūʻai… ʻO ka ʻōlelo a nā mea hoʻopiʻi ua hewa ka NELA i ke Rula no nā kumu ʻelua. ʻO ka mua… ʻoiai ʻo ke kānāwai i hoʻopuka ʻia ma ʻaneʻi he ʻōlelo aʻo ia, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ia mai ka preemption. ʻO ka lua…ʻaʻole ʻae ʻia nā mokuʻāina a me nā kamaʻāina mai ka hoʻokumu ʻana, a i ʻole ke kau ʻana i kahi ʻokoʻa, e hoʻokumu i kekahi koi [no nā hale ʻaina] no ka hoʻopaʻa inoa ʻana i ka meaʻai i like ʻole me ke koi o [21 USC] 343(q) (e kuhikuhi ana i ka New. ʻAhahui ʻAi Mokuʻāina ʻo York State, 556 F. 3d ma 12).
ʻO ka mea kākau, ʻo Thomas A. Dickerson, he Lunakanawai Hoʻohui Associate o ka Apana Hoʻopiʻi, Keena ʻElua o ka ʻAha Hoʻokolokolo Kiʻi Nui ʻo New York a ke kākau nei ʻo ia e pili ana i ke Law Travel no 41 mau makahiki e like me kāna puke kānāwai makahiki hou, Law Law, Law Journal Press (2016), Litigating International Torts in US Courts, Thomson Reuters WestLaw (2016), Papa Hana: Ke Kānāwai o 50 States, Law Journal Press (2016) a ma luna o 400 mau ʻatikala kū kānāwai i loaʻa ka hapanui ma ka nycourts.gov/courts/ 9jd / ʻauhau ʻauhau.shtml. No nā nūhou a me nā hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kānāwai huakaʻi hou, keu hoʻi, i nā lālā lālā o ka EU e ʻike iā IFTTA.org
ʻAʻole paha kope ʻia kēia ʻatikala me ka ʻole o ka ʻae a Thomas A. Dickerson.
E heluhelu i nā ʻatikala a Justice Dickerson ma aneʻi. http://www.nycourts.gov/courts/9jd/taxcertatd.shtml/
