Ua hōʻiliʻili ka makahiki make ʻo Hariri he mau kaukani ma Beirut

He ʻumi kaukani o ka poʻe i hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ma Beirut i ka Lāpule e hōʻailona ana i ka ʻelima o ka makahiki o ka pepehi ʻia ʻana o ke Kuhina Nui ʻo Rafik Hariri, nona ka make i hoʻopā aku i ke kipi ʻo Cedar Revolution a i ʻole Kefaya ( lawa ) - ka mea nāna i hoʻopau i ka 30 makahiki o ka noho koa ʻana o Suria ma Lebanona. .

Ua ʻike ʻo Beirut i ka nui o ka poʻe a me ka poʻe kākoʻo ʻo Hariri i hala, akā ua manaʻo ʻia he emi ka helu ma mua o nā makahiki i hala.

Ma ka lā 14 o Pepeluali, 2004 ma kahi o 1 pm manawa Beirut, ua pepehi ʻia ʻo Rafik Hariri a me kekahi poʻe he 17 i loko o kāna kaʻa kaʻa e kahi pōkā 500 kg ma ka puʻuwai o ke kikowaena mākaʻikaʻi ulu o Lebanona. Ua pohā ka makani ikaika i ka ʻāpana mākaʻikaʻi holomua loa o Beirut, i hoʻopōʻino i ka waiwai ʻāina kiʻekiʻe o Beirut ʻo Phenicia Inter-Continental, ka Monroe Hotel ma Kennedy Street, ka Palm Beach, ka Vendome Inter-Continental, Riviera Hotel ma Ain el Mraisseh a me ka ʻO St. Georges Beach Resort, marina a me ka hale ʻaina e kū pono ana i ka Phoenicia. Aia nā hōkele 6 a pau ma ke alo o ke kai bin al Hassan. Ua haʻalele koke ka hapa nui o nā malihini hōkele.

ʻO ka piliona piliona Lebanona i pepehi ʻia ʻo Hariri ka ʻike ma hope o ke kūkulu hou ʻana o Lebanona ma hope o ke kaua. ʻO ka mea hoʻolālā o Solidere, ʻo ke kūlanakauhale ʻo Beirut, ua kū aʻe mai kona ʻano ʻano ʻano Dresden i kahi mea hoʻokipa maikaʻi loa. Loaʻa iā ia he 10 pākēneka o nā ʻāpana ma Solidere a make i loko o nā mika o kona aupuni ponoʻī mai kahi pōpō i kanu ʻia ma waho o ka pā ma kahi hōkele kaʻawale. ʻO ke kūkulu hou ʻana iā Lebanona kāna pahuhopu nui loa mai kona koho mua ʻana i Kuhina Nui ma ʻOkakopa 1992, ma ke poʻo o ke aupuni i hoʻomalu ʻia e ke alakaʻi hope o Suria ʻo Hafez Al Assad. Me kahi moʻolelo e hōʻike ana i nā pilina paʻa me ka aristocracy Saudi Arabia a me nā Suria i kēlā manawa, ʻo Hariri nona ka manawa mua a hiki i 1998 ʻo ia ka koho maikaʻi loa e alakaʻi i ka hana hou ʻana o ka ʻāina, e waiho wale i nā ʻāpana kālā.

Ma hope koke iho, hānau ʻia ʻo Solidere. ʻO kahi ʻano o ka hui lehulehu-private, ua ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ia ke ʻano hana maikaʻi loa e hoʻokō ai i ka hana hou ʻana o ke kūlanakauhale nui. Ma ke ʻano he hui hoʻomohala pilikino i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke kānāwai aupuni, aia ka hapa nui o nā mea nona mua a me nā mea hoʻolimalima o ka waiwai o ke kūlanakauhale. ʻOiai ʻo ia ka hui i kuleana no ke kūkulu hou ʻana i ke kaona ʻo Beirut, ʻo Solidere ka mea kikowaena o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o Lebanona. Hoʻokumu ʻia ma lalo o ke kānāwai 177 o 1991 ma ke ʻano he hui pilikino i helu ʻia ma ke kumukūʻai kūʻai, ʻo ia ke kuleana no ka hoʻoulu hou ʻana i ka 1.8 miliona square square i luku ʻia i ke kaua ʻo Beirut Central District (BCD), ka waiwai pilikino nui loa o ka ʻāina a me kekahi o nā Ua wehe ʻia nā ʻoihana Arab nui loa i nā mea hoʻopukapuka haole āpau. Ua ʻae ʻia nā mea nona e hoʻololi i nā kuleana waiwai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana no ka 2/3 o ka hui ʻo Class A i loaʻa i ka $ 1.17 biliona. Ua hoʻolako kālā ʻia ka papahana ma o 65 miliona mau ʻāpana Class B i hoʻopuka ʻia ma ka huina o $650 miliona. Ua hoʻonui ʻia he $ 77 miliona mai ke kaiāulu honua ma o 6.7 miliona GDRs. Ma hope aku, e lilo ia i barometer o ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka ʻāina, i hoʻopilikia ʻia e ka instability i hōʻike ʻia e nā kumukūʻai kumukūʻai.

I ka wā i haʻalele ai ʻo Hariri i ke keʻena i ka makahiki 1998, ua ʻike naʻe ʻo ia i ka paheʻe ʻana o kāna waiwai kālā ma 93% i ka makahiki 1999 ma muli o ke kaumaha o ka hoʻokele waiwai i lawe ʻia e ka pōʻino loa a me ka hōʻole ʻana o ke aupuni e hāʻawi i nā ʻae no ke kūkulu ʻana. ʻO ka hopena, ua hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka hoʻolaha ʻana o nā mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Beirut Souks no ka hapa nui o 2000. ʻO ke kumu kūʻai ma kahi o $ 90 a i 100 miliona, ʻo ka pāhana souk 100,000 square meter ka mea waiwai i ka lei o ka hoʻolālā kumu o Solidere, koʻikoʻi i ka laha nui. hou o ke kaona ville. Ua hoʻopaneʻe ʻia nā ʻae e like me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana o ka pā pōhaku nui a Hariri o kahi mea kūʻē kūʻē ʻo Saudi billionaire ʻo Prince Waled bin Talal bin Abdulaziz e huki i waho o nā hoʻolālā kūkulu ʻana no ka Hotel Four Seasons ma Beirut. ʻO ke Kuhina Kalaiaina ʻo Michel Murr ka mea i lohi loa i kona komo ʻana i kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa Solidere e pili ana i ka ʻona a me ka uku no ka hale kiaʻi ʻo Murr ma ka moku ʻo Hamra. ʻO ka lipine ʻulaʻula weliweli i noho i ka hoʻokele waiwai e loaʻa ana i ka hoʻemi ʻana a me ke kāhea ʻana no ke kōkua kālā i loko a i ʻole. ʻO ka hakakā ma waena o Hariri a me ka hoʻokele ʻana o ke Kuhina Nui ʻo Selim Hoss, i kākoʻo ikaika ʻia e ka Pelekikena Kenerala Emile Lahoud, ua hoʻopiʻi hou i ka mea i ʻike ʻia e like me ka laha ʻana o Solidere. Ma muli o ko Hariri kālai'āina headbutting me ka incumbent premier, kuai aina ma ka wahi ihu-luu mai $118 miliona a hiki i $37 miliona ma 1999, i ka hou $2.7 miliona ma 2000. Akā, ia Hariri holo hou no ka oihana ma 2000 a lanakila 17 o Beirut ka 18. noho ma mua o ka manaʻo, ma kahi o Hoss, ua pehu ka waiwai o ka hui i loko o nā pule o kāna kau lua. Ua hoopuka hou ke aupuni i na palapala ae.

A laila ua hoʻonohonoho ke Kuhina Nui i nā hoʻolālā ikaika hou ma o Horizon 2000, kahi papahana multi-biliona kālā e hoʻihoʻi hou ana iā Beirut ma ke ʻano he kapikala kalepa a mākaʻikaʻi o Lebanona a me ka ʻāina. ʻO Solidere kekahi ʻāpana nui o kēia hoʻoikaika nui ʻoiai ua hoʻokō ʻo Hariri i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i kāna pāremata e ʻae i kahi manaʻo o ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana Solidere i nā mea nona mua a me nā mea hoʻolimalima ma ke kūlanakauhale.

Mohala ka ʻāina. Ke lilo nei i wahi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole ka hub, ua ulu ia me nā ʻano kīʻaha like ʻole (loaʻa iā ia ka inoa ʻo Cafe City), nā hale ʻaina, nā hale kūʻai, nā hale kūʻai, nā hale kūʻai ʻoihana e lawe ana i ka hōʻiliʻili inoa e wehe ʻia a hiki i ke aumoe. ʻAʻole pani nā hale kūʻai meaʻai a me nā mea inu a haʻalele ʻo Lebanona ma mua o ka puka ʻana o ka lā, e hoʻolilo iā Solidere i wahi pō wela loa. ʻOi aku ma mua o 60 mau hale kūʻai ma ka hoʻomaka wale ʻana me nā meaʻai honua a me nā huahana e lawelawe like me kahi hōʻailona kūlana no Lebos. Loaʻa i nā mea hoʻolimalima maikaʻi kahi wahi koʻikoʻi ma kahi e nānā aku ai i nā wahi ʻino Phoenician kahiko o Berytus, aia nō i ka ʻeli ʻia a hiki i kēia lā.

Keia makahiki 2010 hiki mai ma hope o ke keiki a Hariri, Kuhina Nui Saad Hariri hoʻolauleʻa me Suria e pili ana, ka mea āna i akea aku i ka pepehi i kona makua kāne. ʻO Hariri, he 40 makahiki, ke poʻo nei i kahi aupuni hui pū me nā poʻe kālai'āina i kākoʻo ʻia e Suria i lilo i ʻāpana o ke kūʻē politika. ʻAʻole like i nā makahiki i hala, i ka wā i hoʻopiʻi ʻia ai nā ʻōlelo a nā alakaʻi me nā hoʻouka kaua a me nā ʻōlelo hōʻino kūʻē iā Suria, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Hariri i kēia makahiki i kahi kūlana hou i ka pilina o Lebanona me kona hoalauna.