ʻO nā banekorupa, hoʻoponopono hou, ʻoki uku a me nā hoʻololi nui i nā ʻauwaʻa mokulele a me nā papa manawa i manaʻo ʻia e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumukūʻai ma nā mokulele kahiko i hiki iā lākou ke hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa i hāʻawi ʻia e nā mea lawe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

ʻAʻole pēlā. ʻO ka "ʻokoʻa kumu kūʻai" ma waena o nā mea i kapa ʻia nā mokulele hoʻoilina i hala no nā makahiki he mau makahiki a me nā mea lawe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻōpio, e like me ka loiloi hou mai ka consultancy Oliver Wyman. I ka wā lōʻihi, hiki ke paʻakikī kēia i nā mokulele kahiko e hoʻohālikelike i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa loa.

"Ua manaʻo wau i kahi mea ʻē aʻe. Ua manaʻo wau i ka emi ʻana o ka hakahaka, "wahi a Andrew Watterson, he hoa hana ma Oliver Wyman, kahi hui o Marsh & McLennan Cos.

Akā, ua hiki i nā mea kūʻai haʻahaʻa ke hōʻemi i kā lākou mau kumukūʻai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o kā lākou mau hoa hakakā e hopu. Ua mālama lākou i ka maikaʻi ma luna o nā mokulele nui i ka huahana, e ʻae iā lākou e lele i nā noho ma ke kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā hoʻokūkū. Loaʻa iā lākou ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hana: ʻOiai ua hōʻemi ʻia ka uku uku, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā mokulele kahiko i nā pākēneka o nā limahana ma ka pae kiʻekiʻe.

"ʻO ka nui o ke kumukūʻai o kahi mokulele kahiko," wahi a Douglas Parker, ka luna nui o US Airways Group Inc., nona ka hui i hui pū ʻia me kahi mokulele hoʻoilina, US Airways, a me kahi hoʻomaka, ʻo America West Airlines. Ma ka "ʻaoʻao hikina" o ka hui - ka US Airways mua - aia kēlā me kēia pailaka ma luna o ka uku uku.

"ʻAʻole ia ka hihia ma JetBlue a i ʻole AirTran a i ʻole Southwest," wahi a Mr. Parker. "Inā like ka pālākiō, ʻokoʻa nā kumukūʻai cockpit."

No nā mea kūʻai aku, ʻo ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai ma nā mokulele ua hoʻopuka i kahi manawa lōʻihi o nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa loa. Ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka maikaʻi, ua hoʻonohonoho nā mokulele iā lākou iho e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Mai ka hāʻule ʻana o ke koi, ua hāʻawi lākou i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa loa a ʻaʻole pono e holo wikiwiki i nā ʻaha panakalupa no ka pale ʻana, e like me ka nui o nā mokulele i hala. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā uku no nā mea āpau mai ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻeke a hiki i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā tiketi lele pinepine ua kōkua pū kekahi.

Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ma muli o ka hoʻomau ʻana o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai, hiki ke hoʻopau i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mokulele e hiki ke ola ma ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā tiketi liʻiliʻi mai nā mea e pau ke kālā. No nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hāʻawi ka huakaʻi ʻoihana ikaika a me ke koi ʻana i nā tiketi premium ma nā ala o ka honua i hāʻawi ʻia i nā mokulele ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa kālā e lanakila ai i ke kaʻe kumu kūʻai. Akā, ua hoʻokahe ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i ka huakaʻi ʻoihana kālā kiʻekiʻe, e waiho ana i nā mokulele mokulele ʻoi aku ka nui e hoʻokūkū pololei me nā mea hoʻemi no nā poʻe holo kaʻa haʻahaʻa.

E noʻonoʻo wale ʻo Canada, kahi i hoʻoponopono hou ai ʻo Air Canada i ka panakalupa i ka makahiki 2004, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kāna mau kumukūʻai e like me ko WestJet Airlines Ltd., kāna hoʻokūkū haʻahaʻa. I kēia manawa, pilikia ʻo Air Canada; ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kāna laina hōʻaiʻē $ 400 miliona i ka hāʻule hope. Ua haʻalele ʻo Luna Nui ʻo Montie Brewer i ka pule i hala, a e hiki mai ana nā ʻaiʻē nui a me nā kuleana penikala ma hope o kēia makahiki.

Ana nā mokulele i nā kumukūʻai a me ka loaʻa kālā ma o ka hoʻolaha ʻana ma luna o nā mile noho - lele kēlā me kēia noho i hoʻokahi mile. I ka hapaha kolu o ka makahiki i hala, i ka wa e pi'i mau ana ke kumukuai wahie, ua loaa ka huina dala e AMR Corp.'s American, Delta Air Lines Inc., Continental Airlines Inc., Northwest Airlines Corp., UAL Corp.'s United and US Airways. 12.46 keneta no ka noho mile, e like me ke ao ana a Oliver Wyman, oiai he 14.68 keneta no ka noho mile ma ka awelika. Ma kēlā me kēia noho mile, ua nalowale ke kālā o kēlā mau mokulele.

ʻO ka awelika no Frontier Airlines Holdings Inc., AirTran Holdings Inc., JetBlue Airways Corp. a me Southwest Airlines Co. i hōʻike i ka maikaʻi o nā mokulele haʻahaʻa. He 10.92 keneta ka loaʻa ʻana o ka loaʻa kālā no kēlā me kēia noho mile, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka awelika koina o 10.87 keneta no ka noho mile. ʻO nā kumukūʻai maʻamau o nā mokulele hoʻoilina i ka makahiki i hala he 35% kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā kumukūʻai ʻāpana o nā mea lawe haʻahaʻa.

I ka makahiki 2003, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā mokulele i kā lākou hoʻoponopono hou ʻana, ua ʻike ʻo Oliver Wyman i nā mokulele haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i loaʻa ka "kumu kūʻai" ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mokulele hoʻoilina o 2.7 keneta no ka noho mile. I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, he 3.8 keneta no ka mile noho. Ma ka helu pākēneka, ua like ka ʻokoʻa i nā makahiki ʻeono i hala iho nei - ʻo nā kumukūʻai mokulele hoʻoilina, ma ka awelika, he 23% a 27% ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā mokulele haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka noho mile.

ʻOiai ʻo ka lawe ʻana i ka wahie mai ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka pōmaikaʻi i loaʻa iā Southwest ma muli o nā pā wahie - kūʻai ʻia i ka wā haʻahaʻa o ke kumukūʻai aila i mālama ai i nā piliona kālā o ka hui - ʻaʻole ia e hoʻololi i ka ʻoiaʻiʻo o ke kumu kūʻai. ʻAʻole hiki ke pale ʻia kekahi o nā kumukūʻai. ʻO nā hana nui o ka honua e lawe pū me lākou i nā kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe (akā, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa kālā). ʻO nā hana hub nui ka hana a me nā lako hana a ʻaʻole kokoke i ka maikaʻi no ka mea e noho lōʻihi nā mokulele a me nā limahana a hiki i nā puka ke noho lōʻihi. ʻAʻole maʻamau nā mokulele haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā scads o nā mea kūʻai aku ma o nā hubs nui a hoʻokaʻawale pinepine a hoʻopiha i nā mokulele ma ka honua me ka wikiwiki.

ʻO ka uku no nā mokulele mokulele ʻoi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa kālā. Nui ka nui o nā mokulele honua e hoʻokipa i nā lele hui kālā kiʻekiʻe, no ka laʻana, a ʻo nā ʻupena ākea e hoʻonui i ka manawa e hoʻopili ai i nā poʻe kaʻa. Ua hana maikaʻi ia no nā mokulele i ka wā e ikaika ai ka ʻoihana a ke uku nei nā huakaʻi ʻoihana i ke kālā kiʻekiʻe no nā tiketi. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo David Barger, ka luna nui o JetBlue Airways, ʻo nā kumukūʻai aila kiʻekiʻe i ka makahiki i hala aku nei ua hoʻokauwā ʻia nā mokulele a hana i nā mea lawe i nā mea lawe kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe. "I ka piʻi ʻana o ka aila, ua nalowale mākou i ka nui o kā mākou pono," wahi āna. "I ka iho ʻana mai, ua loaʻa hou i nā poʻe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ko mākou pono."

ʻO ke kī e mālama i nā kumukūʻai haʻahaʻa, ʻōlelo ʻo ia, ʻo ia ka ulu - kahi ʻē aʻe kahi i loaʻa ai i nā mea lawe haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. Hoʻohui ʻia nā mokulele e ulu nei i nā mokulele hou ʻaʻole i nui nā kumukūʻai mālama a i ʻole nā pilikia hilinaʻi. Hoʻolimalima nā mokulele e ulu ana i nā limahana ma lalo o nā unahi uku. ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mokulele e hōʻemi nei i ka hōʻemi ʻana i nā kumukūʻai ʻāpana. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻopaʻa i nā mokulele akā pono e hoʻomau i nā uku ma luna o lākou. Ke uku nei paha lākou i nā hoʻolimalima ma nā ʻīpuka mokulele a me nā wahi kūʻai ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻohana hou. Hiki ke hoʻolaha ʻia nā lilo hoʻokele ma luna o nā poʻe kaʻa liʻiliʻi, e hoʻonui ana i nā kumukūʻai o ka hui i kēlā me kēia ohua.

Ua hoʻopaʻa mau ka poʻe lawe kaʻa haʻahaʻa i ka hapa nui o ka huakaʻi ea kūloko, e lawe ana i 26% o nā poʻe holo kaʻa i ka makahiki 2003 a me 31% i ka makahiki 2007, e like me ka hōʻike a Raymond James & Associates Inc. Ua hāʻule nā mokulele hoʻoilina mai 56% o nā poʻe holo i ka makahiki 2003 a i 48% i ka makahiki 2007.