ʻO ka amygdala-he ʻano lolo i hoʻonui ʻia i nā keiki ʻelua makahiki i ʻike ʻia me ka autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - hoʻomaka i kona ulu wikiwiki ʻana ma waena o 6 a me 12 mau makahiki, hōʻike i kahi noiʻi kālā ʻia e ka National Institutes of Health. Hoʻopili ka amygdala i ka hana ʻana i nā manaʻo, e like me ka unuhi ʻana i nā hiʻohiʻona maka a i ʻole ka makaʻu i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai i kahi hoʻoweliweli. Hōʻike nā ʻike e loaʻa i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i nā hōʻailona o ka ASD ka manawa nui loa o ka kūleʻa inā hoʻomaka lākou i ka makahiki mua o ke ola, ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka amygdala i kona ulu wikiwiki ʻana.
He 408 nā kamaliʻi i loaʻa i ka haʻawina, 270 o lākou i ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ASD no ka mea he kaikuaʻana ko lākou me ka ASD, 109 mau pēpē e ulu ana, a he 29 pēpē me Fragile X syndrome, he ʻano hoʻoilina o ka ulu ʻana a me ke kino kīnā. Ua hana nā mea noiʻi i nā scan MRI o nā keiki ma 6, 12 a me 24 mau mahina. Ua ʻike lākou ʻo nā pēpē 58 i hele i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ASD he amygdala maʻamau ma 6 mau mahina, akā he amygdala i hoʻonui ʻia ma 12 mau mahina a me 24 mau mahina. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka ulu ʻana o amygdala, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka paʻakikī o nā hōʻailona ASD ma 24 mau mahina. ʻO nā pēpē me ka maʻi Fragile X he ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka ulu ʻana o ka lolo. ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻokoʻa i ka ulu ʻana o ka amygdala akā ʻo ka hoʻonui ʻana i kahi ʻano lolo ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka caudate, i hoʻopili ʻia me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā ʻano hana hou.
ʻO ka hui noiʻi, he ʻāpana o ka NIH Autism Centers of Excellence Infant Brain Imaging Study network, i alakaʻi ʻia e Mark Shen, Ph.D., o ke Kulanui o North Carolina ma Chapel Hill a me ka Infant Brain Imaging Study. Hōʻike ʻia ka haʻawina ma ka American Journal of Psychiatry. Hāʻawi ʻia ke kālā e NIH's Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Science a me National Institute of Mental Health.
Ua manaʻo nā mea kākau i ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka ʻike sensory i ka wā kamaliʻi e hoʻoikaika i ka amygdala, e alakaʻi ana i kona ulu nui ʻana.
He maʻi hoʻomohala paʻakikī ka ASD e pili ana i ka hana a ke kanaka, ka launa pū me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe, ke kamaʻilio a me ke aʻo ʻana.
He aha e lawe ʻia mai kēia ʻatikala:
- The findings indicate that therapies to reduce the symptoms of ASD might have the greatest chance of success if they begin in the first year of life, before the amygdala begins its accelerated growth.
- They found that the 58 infants who went on to develop ASD had a normal-sized amygdala at 6 months, but an enlarged amygdala at 12 months and 24 months.
- The study included 408 infants, 270 of whom were at higher likelihood of ASD because they had an older sibling with ASD, 109 typically developing infants, and 29 infants with Fragile X syndrome, an inherited form of developmental and intellectual disability.
