ʻO nā mummies kahiko a me nā pōā kupapaʻu: nā wahi mōʻaukala o Northern Peru

ʻO Trujillo, Peru - "E hoʻopaʻi ke ola i ka poʻe i hana hope loa" kahi ʻōlelo a ke alakaʻi Soviet ʻo Mikhail Gorbachev i hiki ke hoʻopili maʻalahi i nā archaeologists ma Peru. ʻO ka poʻe pōā kupapaʻu, a ʻo Huaqueros paha e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, hao pinepine lākou i nā hale kupapaʻu kahiko ma mua o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka manawa o ka poʻe kālaihonua e pale aku iā lākou. Akā, ʻoiai ka pōʻino i hoʻoili ʻia i ka hoʻoilina kahiko o ka ʻāina, e loaʻa mau ana ka poʻe kipa i nā mea e ʻike ai ma kēia lāhui ʻAmelika Hema. He waiwai nui ka ʻāpana ʻākau o Peru i nā mea moʻomeheu e like me nā ʻāpana gula gula 1,000 makahiki, nā mummies kahiko, nā makana kupapaʻu, nā seramika a me nā metala makamae. Ma mua o ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o ke aupuni Inca, ua kūkulu nā Moche, Chimu a me Lambayeque civilizations i nā kikowaena kūlanakauhale nui i kēia lā ʻaʻole wale i ka poʻe archaeologists akā i nā pōā kupapaʻu pū kekahi. Ua kūpono loa ke ʻano moʻokalaleo o Indiana Jones i ka ʻāina ma waena o nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Trujillo, Chiclayo a me Chachapoyas.

Akā i kekahi manawa i hala aku nei, ua hahau ka poʻe kālaihonua i nā ʻaihue: i ka makahiki 2006 ua ʻike ka mea kālaihonua ʻo Regulo Franco i nā koena mummified o kahi wahine i hoʻonani ʻia me nā peʻa o nā nahesa a me nā ʻāwīwī i loko o ka pyramid pālolo ma El Brujo ma ka ʻākau o Trujillo. Ua ʻike ʻia ka ʻike ʻo Lady of Cao a ʻo ia ka lua o ka ʻike archaeological nui loa i nā makahiki i hala iho nei ma ʻAmelika Hema ma hope o ka hale kupapaʻu o ka Haku o Sipan i 1986.

"Ua make ka Lede o Cao i ka opiopio loa. Manaʻo mākou ua make ʻo ia ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana o kahi keiki, "wahi a Denis Varga, kahi archaeologist e wehe nei i nā frescos nani ma ke kahua ma El Brujo.

Pīhoihoi ka poʻe mōʻaukala i ka ʻike ʻana i ka poʻe kaua e like me ka Moche i noho aliʻi ʻia e kahi wahine. Ua kapa ʻo Regulo Franco i ka Lede o Cao ʻo Cleopatra o ʻAmelika Hema no ka ʻike ʻana i kona kūlana.

Ua make ʻo ia ma kahi o 1,700 mau makahiki aku nei akā i kēia lā ua hoʻomaka ʻo ia i kahi ola hou ma ke ʻano he wahi mākaʻikaʻi. I ka hopena o ʻApelila o kēia makahiki ua wehe ʻia ka Hale Hōʻikeʻike ʻo Cao ma El Brujo kahi i hōʻike ʻia ai ka mummy a me nā mea he nui a me nā mea nani i loaʻa i loko o ka hale kupapaʻu.

Ua kōkua ka loaʻa ʻana o ka mummy e hōʻike i nā kikoʻī he nui e pili ana i ka moʻomeheu Moche i noho ma Peru mai 100 AD a ma kahi o 700 AD. E like me nā lāhui ʻē aʻe o ʻAmelika Hema, ua hana nui ka mōhai kanaka i ke ola ʻo Moche: i mea e loaʻa ai ka ʻohi nui ma kahi maloʻo maʻamau, ua mākaukau ka Moche e mōhai aku i nā kakini o ko lākou mau koa ma ke kiola ʻana iā lākou mai nā ʻaoʻao pali.

ʻO kekahi mea mākaʻikaʻi ʻē aʻe ma ka ʻākau o Peru ʻo ia ka adobe brick pyramid Huaca de la Luna, ka Halepule o ka mahina, ma kahi o ʻekolu mau kilomita ma ka hikina hema o Trujillo. Ma ke alo o ka luakini e kū ana ʻo Huaca del Sol, ka luakini o ka lā. Ma 41 mika ka hale ka luakini kiʻekiʻe loa ma ʻAmelika Hema.

Ua hana ʻia nā pyramid mai nā pōhaku lepo a i kēia lā me he mau puʻu pālolo nui lā i ʻili ʻia e nā ʻauwaha i ʻoki ʻia e ka wai e kahe ana ma ko lākou mau ʻaoʻao. Mahalo i ka loli climatic i kapa ʻia ʻo El Nino ka ʻāina a puni nā luakini e kipa ʻia e ka ua nui i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

E pili ana ia i ke kūlanakauhale kahiko o Chan Chan kahi i noho ai ma mua o 100,000 poʻe Chimu i nā kenekulia 13 a me 14. Aia ʻo Chan Chan ma kahi o 24 mau kilomita square a ʻo ia ke kūlanakauhale nui ma mua o Columbian ma ʻAmelika a me ke kūlanakauhale pōhaku lepo nui loa ma ka honua. I kēia mau lā, ua like nā ākea nui o Chan Chan me ka ʻili o ka mahina.

ʻO nā wahi lele no ka mākaʻikaʻi ʻana i nā wahi archaeological o Peru ʻo nā kūlanakauhale ʻo Trujillo a me Chiclayo. ʻAʻohe wahi ʻē aʻe e piʻi aʻe ka nui o nā pyramid adobe brick mai ka honua ma mua o ka ʻāina a puni ʻo Chiclayo. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale kokoke ʻo Lambayeque kahi home o ka Museo Tumbas Reales de Sipan kahi e hōʻike ʻia ai nā koena o ka Haku o Sipan.

ʻO ka huakaʻi kaʻa kaʻa he 10 mau hola mai Trujillo ma luna o ka Percuya Pass a hiki i Chachopoyas pono pū kekahi. ʻOi aku ka hikina, ʻoi aku ka ʻōmaʻomaʻo o ka ʻāina. He liʻiliʻi wale ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e hoʻoluhi i ka huakaʻi i kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻāina i loaʻa kekahi o nā wahi archaeological maikaʻi loa ma ʻAmelika Hema.

Loaʻa iā lākou ka pā kaua kahiko o Kuelap, e pili ana i ka pūnaewele ma Machu Pichu ma ke ʻano koʻikoʻi, akā ʻaʻole hiki ke kipa ʻia ma muli o kona wahi hiki ʻole.

ʻOi aku ka ʻelemakule a ʻoi aku ka nui o Kuelap ma mua o Machu Pichu a he mea kupanaha ke nānā aku. ʻO kahi hapa no ka mea aia ia ma luna o kahi mauna 3,100-mika-kiʻekiʻe e nānā i lalo i ke awāwa ʻo Utcubamba akā no ka mea pono e hele ka poʻe malihini i 30 mau minuke mai ke kahua kaʻa ma o ka ea lahilahi a hiki i ka pā kaua. Ua kūkulu ʻia ʻo Kuelap ma mua o ke aupuni Inca e ka Chachapoya civilization nāna i ulu i ka maile, ka pī, ka linseed a me ka ʻuala ma nā awāwa.

ʻO nā ʻōpuʻu o ke ao a me ka noe e pili ana i nā hale paʻa i hoʻopuni ʻia e ka pā 20 mika ke kiʻekiʻe o ke one a me ka limestone. ʻEkolu mau puka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi e pale aku e like me ka tunnel-like e hiki ai ke komo i ka hale i loaʻa i 450 mau hale i wāwahi ʻia. ʻAʻole a hiki i ka makahiki 1475 i lanakila ai ka poʻe Inca e lanakila i nā mea pale o ka pā kaua.

ʻO nā kumulāʻau, nā aʻa a me nā kumu waina e uhi ana i nā ʻāpana o ka pūnaewele e hāʻawi i kahi paʻi pohihihi i ia wahi. I ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana me Machu Pichu a me Cusco kahi i loaʻa ai nā pūʻulu o nā mākaʻikaʻi, ʻaʻohe nui o Kuelap. E loli paha ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoiai ua hoʻomaka ke aupuni kūloko e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻoihana alanui mai kahakai a hiki i Chachapoyas.