Hoʻolālā ʻo Dar e wehe i nā kapuaʻi kanaka o ka honua no ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi

Arusha, Tanzania (eTN) - Ua hoʻolaha mua ka moku'āina i kāna hoʻolālā e wehe i nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae hominid kahiko loa o ka honua ma Laitole e pili ana i ka ʻĀkau Tanzania no ka mālama ʻana a me nā hana mākaʻikaʻi.

Ua ʻike ʻia e Dr. Mary Leakey i ka makahiki 1978, ua uhi ʻia nā ala wāwae he 23 mika ka lōʻihi ma Laetole i ka makahiki 1995 i uhi ʻia me kahi papa pale ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hoʻomaka ʻana e hōʻino me ka ʻike. Mai ia manawa ʻaʻole i wehe ʻia nā mele 3.6 miliona mau makahiki i kahi kokoke i 400,000 mau mākaʻikaʻi makahiki e kipa aku ai i ka pūnaewele Laitole ma ka ʻĀina Conservation Ngorongoro.

Ke hōʻalo nei i nā makahiki 50 o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke poʻo o ke kanaka mua loa, ka mea i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kahiko loa ma ka mōʻaukala archaeological honua, ʻōlelo ʻo Natural Resources and Tourism Deputy Minister Ezekiel Maige e wehe ʻia ka hapalua o nā alahele kanaka kahiko he 14 i ʻelua. makahiki manawa.

"Ke aʻo nei ka poʻe ʻepekema i ka maikaʻi o ka wehe ʻana a mālama ʻia nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae mua o ke kanaka," i ʻōlelo ai ʻo Maige i ka Pōʻalima ma hope koke o ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka 50th Golden Anniversary of Zinjanthropus Discovery a me ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ʻelua mau māka mākaʻikaʻi kaulana ma ʻApelika, ka Serengeti National Park a me Ngorongoro Conservation Area .

Ma ka pane ʻana i ka nīnau a kēia mea kākau moʻolelo, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Maige e lōʻihi ka manawa o ka papahana makemake e wehe i nā kapuaʻi no ka mea he hoʻolālā nui ia e pili ana i nā noiʻi ʻepekema a me nā kumu kūʻai i nā piliona kālā.

Ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana, ua ʻōlelo ka luna o Tanzanian Department of Antiquitie, ke keʻena e pili ana i ka pae wāwae o Laetoli, ʻo Donatius Kamamba, ua hana lākou i kahi ʻepekema kūloko e aʻo a hoʻopuka i ka "palapala alanui" i ka wehe ʻana i nā kapuaʻi. "E ho'okomo 'ia ka palapala 'āina 'epekema i nā koi a pau no ka wehe 'ana i nā kapua'i me ka palekana, nā ala maika'i loa o ka mālama 'ana iā lākou a me nā kumu kū'ai," wehewehe 'o Kauka Kamamba.

ʻO Pelekikena Jakaya Kikwete, ka mea i lilo i malihini maʻamau no Ngorongoro Conservation Area, ʻaʻole i hauʻoli i ke kanu hou ʻana i nā kapuaʻi a kuhikuhi i nā mana kūpono e wehe i nā alahele kanaka kahiko loa no ka mākaʻikaʻi.

"ʻAʻole i loaʻa i ka Pelekikena Kikwete kahi manaʻo e hoʻomau i ka uhi ʻana i kēia kahua hoʻokipa mākaʻikaʻi. Ua kauoha ʻo ia i nā ala e wehe ai no nā pono o kā mākou poʻe kipa aloha, "i ʻōlelo ʻia e ke kōkua conservator o Antiquities, Godfrey Ole Moita, i ka Guardian i ka makahiki i hala.

Ua ʻae ʻo Bernard Murunya, ka mea mālama mālama NCAA me ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa a ka pelekikena no ka wehe ʻana i nā kapuaʻi. "Ke ʻae nei au me kā mākou Pelekikena Kikwete i ka wā e wehe ʻia ai nā kapuaʻi wāwae, e lilo ia i pūʻulu hoʻokipa mākaʻikaʻi hou aʻe e kahe aku nā mākaʻikaʻi e ʻike i nā ala," wahi a Murunya.

ʻO ka hoʻolaha ʻana o ka mokuʻāina e wehe i ka pūnaewele e ʻike paha i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hopena no ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ka pale ʻana i nā mele 3.6 miliona mau makahiki.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hōʻike ka poʻe loea i ka makaʻu no ka mālama ʻana i nā kapuaʻi kahiko o ke kanaka, me ka ʻōlelo ʻana ua hoʻomaka ka wā e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i kēlā mau pale, e hāpai ana i nā hopohopo e hiki ke hōʻeha ʻia nā kiʻi i mālama ʻia i loko o kahi moena lehu lua pele e ka erosion, holoholona a kanaka paha.

Ua koi ʻo ia i ka anthropologist ʻo Tanzanian Charles Musiba e kāhea i ka hana ʻana i kahi hale hōʻikeʻike hou e hōʻike a hōʻike i nā paʻi mōʻaukala.

Akā, nīnau ka poʻe anthropologist haole i kēia manaʻo - e like me kā lākou i hana ai i ka uhi ʻia ʻana o nā alahele - no ka mea, he mau hola kaʻa ʻo Laetoli i loko o Ngorongoro Conservation Area, me ka paʻakikī o ke kiaʻi ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana i kekahi hale.

Ua hōʻike ʻo Musiba i kāna noi no ka hale hōʻikeʻike i kēia manawa ma ka International Symposium on the Conservation and Application of Hominid Footprints, ma South Korea. Wahi a ia, aia ʻo Tanzania i ka mana ʻepekema a me nā kālā e kūkulu a nānā i kahi hale hōʻikeʻike. "Ke manaʻo nei au e hoʻopuka i kēia pilikia," wahi a Musiba. "Ke hōʻike nei nā kūlana o kēia manawa i nā pale he manawa pōkole. Hiki i kahi hale hōʻikeʻike holoʻokoʻa ke lilo i ʻāpana o ke ala safari hele no nā mākaʻikaʻi.

Akā ua hopohopo kēia manaʻo i nā mea noiʻi ʻē aʻe e like me nā anthropologists ʻo Tim White o ke Kulanui o Kaleponi, Berkeley, a me Terry Harrison ma ke Kulanui o New York. Aia lākou i waena o kahi hui e makemake e ʻoki i ke ala holoʻokoʻa mai ka puʻu ʻo Satman, a laila hoʻokomo iā ia i loko o kahi hale hōʻikeʻike ma ke kūlanakauhale Tanzania, ʻo Dar-es-Salaam a i ʻole Arusha.

"Inā ʻaʻole lākou i uhi ʻia, e lilo lākou i mea magnet no ka pilikia," wahi a White. "A laila e pau nā paʻi."

Akā naʻe, ua hōʻike pū ʻo Kamamba i ka haʻohaʻo no ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻino a me ka noi ʻana i ka hale hōʻikeʻike, me ka hoʻohiki ʻana i kāna ʻoihana e noiʻi i ka pūnaewele, akā nīnau ʻo ia i ka hiki ke hoʻoneʻe i kahi moena lehu e hiki ke wāwahi.

Ua kūkulu ʻia ka papa pale i kēia manawa e nā loea mai ka Getty Conservation Institute ma Los Angeles. Ua kau ʻia kahi papa lepo ma luna o nā kapuaʻi e nā mea noiʻi e like me Leakey a me White.

Akā ʻaʻole i kānana ʻia nā ʻanoʻano acacia mai ka lepo, no laila ua hoʻomaka ka ulu ʻana o nā kumulāʻau, me ka hoʻoweliweli e wāwahi i ka papa o ka lehu pele paʻa.

Ua wehe ʻo Getty conservationists ʻo Neville Agnew lāua ʻo Martha Demas i ka papa kahiko a me ka ulu ʻana, uhi i nā paʻi me kahi moena lole kūikawā i hoʻolālā ʻia e kaupalena i ka komo ʻana o ka wai, a laila uhi ʻia me ka lepo maʻemaʻe a me nā pōhaku i ka makahiki 1995.

Ua hana maikaʻi kēia a hiki i nā makahiki ʻelua i hala iho nei i ka wā i hoʻonui ʻia ai ka ua e hoʻopiha ai i nā ʻauwai a puni me ka lepo, e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻāi ʻana e hōʻike ana i nā kihi o ka moena.

Ua ʻae ka poʻe a pau e uhi wikiwiki ʻia ka moena, no ka laʻana, e hoʻāʻo ka poʻe o ka ʻohana kūloko e wehe iā ia no nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Akā ke kū nei ka hoʻonā lōʻihi no ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Manaʻo ʻo Peresidena Kikwete he mea maikaʻi ke waiho i nā kapuaʻi ma laila kahi e hiki ai i nā mākaʻikaʻi ke komo a mahalo i nā ala.

Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ʻo Tanzania i kēia hoʻomanaʻo nui no ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona hihiu a me ka mālama ʻana i ke ʻano ma hope o ka hapalua haneli o ka hoʻokumu ʻana o ʻelua mau māka mākaʻikaʻi kaulana ma ʻApelika, ʻo Serengeti National Park a me Ngorongoro Conservation Area, me ka maka e hoʻolaha i nā pūnaewele.

Ma ka laina me nā paka ʻelua, kahi mea kū hoʻokahi ma ʻApelika, hoʻolauleʻa nā archaeologists i nā makahiki 50 o ka ʻike ʻana i ke poʻo o ke kanaka mua, i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia ka mea kahiko loa i ka mōʻaukala archaeological honua.

Aia ma loko o Ngorongoro Conservation Area ka Olduvai Gorge, kahi i ʻike ai ʻo Kauka a me Mrs. Leakey i ke koena o 1.75 miliona makahiki o Australopithecus boisei ('Zinjanthropus') a me Homo habilis, e hōʻike ana ua ulu mua ke ʻano kanaka ma kēia wahi.

ʻElua mau pūnaewele paleontological a archaeological nui loa o ka honua, ʻo Olduvai Gorge a me Laetoli Footprint pūnaewele ma Ngarusi i loaʻa i loko o ka Ngorongoro Conservation Area. E ʻike ʻia paha nā mea ʻike nui hou aʻe ma ia wahi.

ʻO Serengeti National Park ʻaʻole kānalua ka wahi hoʻāno holoholona kaulana loa ma ka honua, ʻaʻole i hoʻohālikelike ʻia no kona nani maoli a me ka waiwai ʻepekema. Me ka ʻoi aku o ʻelua miliona wildebeest, hapalua miliona Thomson's gazelle, a me ka hapaha miliona zebra, ʻo ia ka ʻoi loa o ka pāʻani pāpū ma ʻApelika. ʻO ka wildebeest a me ka zebra ka mea i hoʻolei ʻia i ka hōkū o kahi hiʻohiʻona kūʻokoʻa - ka neʻe ʻana o Serengeti makahiki.