ʻOi aku ka Rum ma mua o ka mea inu me ka ʻuhane

Loaʻa iā Rum nā mea hoʻokūkū hou e komo i ka mākeke

Rum. I ka hoomaka ana

ʻOi aku ka Rum ma mua o ka mea inu me ka ʻuhane. Ua hana koʻikoʻi ʻo Rum i nā ʻoihana hoʻokele honua a me ka politika. Ua hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Rum ma ke ʻano he kālā, ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o nā hoʻomana haipule, kahi hōʻailona e pili ana i ka debauchery ma waena o Temperance crusaders, a ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana olakino o ka ʻai a me nā mea inu o ka moku Pelekane.

He mea lawe nui ʻo Rum mai ka colonial New England a he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi ia o nā hui ʻoihana. Ua ʻaila i nā kaʻina moʻomeheu, a me ka hoʻokele waiwai i hoʻokumu a hoʻoulu i ke kālepa kauā, hoʻomaka i nā kipi kūʻē i nā kāpena nāna i ʻauʻa a me nā kiaʻāina i hoʻāʻo e hoʻoponopono. Ua hoʻolauleʻa ʻia ka Rum e nā mea kākau, hoʻohana ʻia i nā toasts e nā poʻe kālai'āina, a hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu a me nā uku i nā limahana nāna i ʻoki i ke koʻokoʻo a, ma hope o ka inu ʻana, hoʻi i ka māla e hana hou i ka rama.

A hiki i ka 21st Century

Ua mahi mua ʻia ke kō ma Papua, New Guinea, a ua ferment mua ʻia ma -350 BC ma India kahi i hoʻohana mua ʻia ai nā mea inu ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau. Ua mahi ʻia a lawe ʻia i ʻApelika, a me Sepania. I ka makahiki 1400 ua wehe ka poe makaikai i na ala kalepa a ua haawi mai na mokupuni mamao i ka pi'i maikai no ka ulu ko a ua loaa ia lakou ka nui o ka wai. Ma nā Azores, nā mokupuni ʻo Canary a me nā kauā Caribbean i hāʻawi i ka hana.

Ua ʻae nā kauā ʻApelika i nā ʻano uku he nui e hoʻolako i nā kauā i ka poʻe colonists ʻEulopa a ʻo ka uku i makemake nui ʻia ʻo ka waiʻona. ʻO Barbados, i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka makahiki 1600, loaʻa kahi ea kūpono no ke kō, a me ka mea ʻimi Richard Ligon ua lawe mai i ka ʻike koʻokoʻo mai Brazil mai, me nā lako, nā kauā, a me nā ʻenehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka mokupuni. Mahalo iā Ligon, ma lalo o 10 mau makahiki ua lilo nā barona kō o Barbados i mau mea waiwai loa ma ka honua, me ka holomua o ka ʻoihana kūʻai aku a me ka rama.

I ka waena o ke kenekulia 17 (1655) ua hopu ʻo Admiral Penn o nā ʻauwaʻa Pelekania iā Jamaica mai ka poʻe Sepania a hoʻololi i ka ʻai pia e pani ʻia me ka ʻuhane kō i hana ʻia ma ka ʻāina. I kona haʻalele ʻana iā Jamaica, ua ʻike ʻo ia ua loaʻa i ka lama ka maikaʻi kūlohelohe o ka waiho ʻana i ka momona i loko o ka pahu no nā manawa lōʻihi ma mua o ka wai a i ʻole ka pia.

I ke kenekulia 18 (1731) ua hana ka Navy Board i ka rama i ʻai kūhelu o kēlā me kēia lā, hoʻokahi paina waina a i ʻole hapalua paina rama e hoʻopuka ʻia i ʻelua mau huina like i kēlā me kēia lā. He kuleana a he waiwai ia i pale aku iā lākou mai ka ʻino a me ka hana ʻino o ke ola ma nā ale moana. I ke kenekulia 19 (1850) ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka ʻai rama ma ka ʻewalu o ka pint a hiki i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana i ka makahiki 1970.

ʻO ka hopena o ka Navy hope loa i loaʻa ma Iulai 31, 1970, i kapa ʻia ʻo "Black Tot Day" a ua ʻōlelo ʻo First Sea Lord, "ʻaʻole ka lāʻau nui i waena o ka lā ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa no ka poʻe e mālama i nā mea huna uila o ka Navy. .”

He aha ka Rum

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka Rum ma nā ʻāina ʻoi aku ma mua o 80 a loaʻa nā hui like ʻole ma ʻApelika, ʻAsia, ʻAmelika Hema, Caribbean, Philippines, United States, Europe, a me nā ʻāina Scandinavian. I kēia mau lā, ua nānā hou ʻia nā mana kahiko o ka rama a ua nui ka poʻe i loaʻa i kēia manawa i ka mahalo like a me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana e like me ka whiskey Scotch maikaʻi me ka ʻike ʻana he paʻakikī ka rama e like me ka waina.

ʻO ke ʻano rum maʻamau ʻo ia ka wai kō maʻemaʻe i fermented a kapa ʻia ʻo Rhum Agricole a i ʻole Cachaca a hana ʻia ma Brazil a me nā koina Farani mua. Ke hoʻonui nei nā mea kūʻai hale kūʻai ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka honua i kā lākou ʻano a hoʻohana i kēia huahana morphed e komo i nā mākeke hou.

ʻAʻohe huaʻōlelo maʻamau no nā lama i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka wai kō, ʻoiai ʻo ka poʻe distillers ma Farani Karipiano e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana e kapa ʻia kā lākou huahana ʻo Rhum Agricole a ʻo ke kānāwai Brazilian i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Cachaca wale nō ke hana ʻia ma ia ʻāina.

Hiki ke hana ʻia ka lama kō i ka wā i oʻo ai nā mea kanu kō a hua mai ka wai hou; akā naʻe, hiki ke hana ʻia nā lama molasses a puni ka makahiki mai nā huahana i mālama ʻia. ʻAʻole paha e hoʻohana ka poʻe distiller e hoʻohana i ka molasses i ka huaʻōlelo Farani no kā lākou rums, Rhum Industriel.

ʻO ka molasses ka ʻōpala i koe mai ka wai ʻohe i hoʻolapalapa ʻia ma hope o ka lawe ʻia ʻana o ke kō crystalline. ʻO ka mea i hana ʻole ʻia i rama, hiki ke ʻōmole ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻana a i ʻole ke hoʻohui ʻia i ka hānai holoholona. Nui nā ʻono o ka molasses maka ma muli o ke kō, ka lepo, a me ke aniau.

ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka poʻe distiller Rum e hoʻohana i nā barela i hoʻohana mua ʻia no ka waina a i ʻole ka bourbon i mea e hoʻokomo ai i kā lākou huahana me ka ʻono paʻakikī i ka wā o ka wā ʻelemakule; koi kekahi mau ʻāina e hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka lama ma kahi liʻiliʻi o 8 mau mahina e kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻelemakule; ʻO nā mea ʻē aʻe e koi i 2 mau makahiki a ʻaʻole hoʻonohonoho i nā alakaʻi.

ʻO ka distillation ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea ʻai mai kahi hui fermented i kapa ʻia he wort a ʻike pinepine ʻia i ka poʻe alchemist Arab a me Peresia o ka Middle Ages. Eia naʻe, ua hoʻohuli ʻia kēia manaʻo i ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai kahi terracotta piha i loko o kahi hale hōʻikeʻike ma Taxila, Pakistan. ʻO kēia alembic (ua hoʻohana mua ʻia ma 5000 mau makahiki i hala aku nei), he ipu lepo i uhi ʻia me ka puʻu hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o kahi kīʻaha i uhi ʻia a loaʻa i kēia manawa i loko o kahi distillery hou.

Loaʻa iā Rums kahi Papa

Hōʻike kekahi mau lama i nā ʻono kūloko aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e kuhikuhi ʻia i kahi mākeke honua. Pili ka pae a me nā ʻano like ʻole i nā wahi: 

ʻO Rum keʻokeʻo a akaka paha. ʻO ka hapa nui i kūʻai ʻia ma 80 hōʻoia (40 pakeneka waiʻona ma ka nui); mau makahiki 1+ makahiki; kānana e wehe i ke kala.

o Gula a i ole Rum Pale. ʻO nā makahiki he nui; hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ke kala e hāʻawi i ke kūlike; e ʻimi i nā ʻono maʻalahi o ka vanilla, almond, citrus, caramel a i ʻole niu ma muli o ke ʻano barela i hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā ʻelemakule.

o Ruma pouli. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia i loko o nā pahu ʻoka no nā manawa lōʻihi; ʻoi aku ka ʻono ma mua o ka lama keʻokeʻo, ka Rum overproof a me ka mea ʻala paha.

ʻO Rum ʻeleʻele. Hana ʻia mai ka molasses; paʻa ka nui o ka molasses waiwai a me ka ʻono caramel; hiki ke kala ʻia me ka caramel kuni e loaʻa ai ke kūlike o ka hue; mea nui i ka kuke ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i ka candy; hāʻawi i nā mea ʻono ʻono-ʻala i nā keke, ka lole, nā mea ʻono, a me nā meaʻai; ʻAhu pinepine ʻia nā barela a puhi ʻia paha e hāʻawi nui i nā ʻono ikaika o ka wahie i ka wai.

ʻO Rum Moana. ʻO nā Rums pōʻeleʻele, piha kino i pili pū me ka British Royal Navy.

o Premium Aged Rum. Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia ʻo "Anejo" ma nā ʻāina Sepania; leʻaleʻa maikaʻi a i ʻole ma luna o nā pōhaku; e lawe i nā kala ʻeleʻele a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma muli o ka manawa i hoʻopau ʻia i nā barela; Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻōlelo ma ka US a me nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka makahiki e kuhikuhi ana i ka lama ʻōpio loa i ka hui ʻana.

ʻo Vintage Rum. Hoʻohui ʻia ka hapa nui o nā rama i kūʻai ʻia ma ʻAmelika mai nā kumu like ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana; ʻO kekahi mau lama kūʻokoʻa i hoʻopaʻa ʻia mai nā makahiki kahiko o ka hana ʻana; ua kapa ʻia me ka makahiki i kāʻili ʻia ai lākou a me kahi o ko lākou kumu.

ʻO Overproof. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā Rums e kūʻai aku ma US he 80-100 hōʻoia (40-50 pakeneka waiʻona).

o Rhum Agricole. Hoʻomoʻa ʻia a hoʻoheheʻe ʻia mai ka wai ʻohe maʻemaʻe; hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hiki i ka 70 pakeneka ka waiʻona e hiki ai iā Rhum ke hoʻopaʻa hou i ka ʻono mua o ka wai kō piha; ʻO ka ʻāpana kikoʻī o Rhum i hana nui ʻia ma nā ʻāina Farani o ka Caribbean, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Martinique.

o Rhum Vieux. Rum Palani kahiko

hilinaʻi. Alakaʻi Rum ʻoihana

ʻO Eric Holmes Kaye me ka ʻike i ka mele a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana, a ʻo Maura Gedid, me ka ʻike i ka pilina o nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā a me nā kamaʻilio ʻoihana, lawe mai i nā kūlana kūʻokoʻa i ka ʻoihana Rum/spirits. ʻO ko lākou makemake i ka lama a me ka ʻimi ʻole ʻana i nā ʻike ʻono hou e hiki ai i nā neophytes a me nā poʻe haipule lama ke ʻike i ka pilikia ʻole o ka Rum hou a kū hoʻokahi ma o kā lākou hana ʻoihana ma o Holmes Cay Rum. Ma o Holmes Cay, hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke loaʻa i nā rums paʻi liʻiliʻi e komo pū ana i nā hui ʻokoʻa mai kahi ākea o nā wahi like me ʻApelika Hema a me Fiji,

Hoʻopau ʻo Holmes Cay i nā rama liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi maikaʻi loa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka ʻole o nā mea hoʻohui. Hoʻokomo ʻia nā paʻi Cask hoʻokahi i loko o nā pahu a ua hui pū ʻia nā paʻi ʻo Single Origin i nā pahu he nui a me nā ʻano hana e hana i nā ʻōlelo kumu mai kahi distillery i hāʻawi ʻia.

I mea e mahalo ai i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻo Holmes Cay, e holoi koke i nā manaʻo mua a pau o ka Rum, ʻaʻole, a/a i ʻole. E wehe i kou mau maka, ihu, waha, a me ka noʻonoʻo, a mākaukau no ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka Rum:

1. Mhoba 2017 ʻApelika Hema. Kūʻai mua ʻia ka Rum ʻApelika Hema ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa. E ʻimi i ka ʻala o ke kō kō i hui pū ʻia me ka ʻono o ka pineapple grilled, ka pepa keʻokeʻo, a me nā huaʻala i hoʻonui ʻia e ka manaʻo o ka fennel. ʻO ka hoʻopau maʻamau he mea kāhāhā e lilo i mea kūʻokoʻa i ke kua o ka uahi.

2. Fiji Rum. 2004 Single Origin Edition. He hui keia o ka ipuhao i hoohanaia i ka molasses elemakule a me na rama i hooheheeia mai ka South Pacific Distilleries ma Lautoka, Fiji. ʻO ka ʻōmole me ka moekolohe ʻole ma mua o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wai a hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o kahi pahu liʻiliʻi o 2260 mau hue. E makaʻala no ka mea, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka Rum Fiji i nā hōʻoia ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe ma mua o nā lama i hui ʻia.

ʻO kahi hue melemele māmā e wehewehe i ka ʻike maka. ʻO ka mauʻu ʻokiʻoki koʻikoʻi o ka Aroma, citrus (ʻoi loa ka lemon zest, a me ka ʻili ʻalani ʻawaʻawa), nā nila paina, a me ka pepa e uku i ka ihu i ka wā e ʻike ai ka palaka i nā cloves a me ka meli a me ka hoʻopau ʻana (?) - kahi pā o ka mauʻu a me ka pepa.

3. Uitvlgut. 2003. Guiana. ʻEhā wale nō pahu (858 ʻōmole) o kēia Rum i hana ʻia. He mau makahiki 2 ma Guyana a he 16 makahiki ma UK i loko o nā pahu ex-bourbon ma mua o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana i ka pahu hōʻike hōʻike 102 ma New York State ma 2012.

Hana ʻia ka ʻala ʻokoʻa me ka ʻole o ke kō, ka waihoʻoluʻu, a me nā mea ʻono ʻē aʻe; ʻOmole ma ka pahu hōʻoia, a i ʻole 51 pakeneka waiʻona ma ka leo.

ʻO ka molasses-based, column still rum, hāʻawi i kahi ʻala momona me ka meli gula i hoʻomāmā ʻia me ke ʻala o ke kai. ʻIke ʻia ka palate i nā hua ʻala ʻala, nā ʻalemona, nā mea kanu, a me ka koko.

© Kauka Elinor Garely. ʻAʻole hiki ke paʻi hou ʻia kēia ʻatikala me ka ʻole o ka ʻae mai ka mea kākau.