Ua lilo ka pilina o People's Republic of Kina a me ʻApelika i nā makahiki i hala aku nei i mea holomua a ikaika loa i ka pili politika, pilikanaka a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o ka honua.
Ma ʻApelika, ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā hana he mau piliona kālā no ka hoʻokō ʻana mai ka ʻoihana alanui, nā mokulele, ka ikehu, ka wai a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, ka mokulele, ka hana ʻana, ka mining a ʻoiaʻiʻo, kōkua lokomaikaʻi i nā hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻāpana like ʻole e like me ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi multi- miliona ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma Addis Ababa, ʻAitiopa.
ʻAʻohe mea kānalua e pili ana ka pilina o Sino-Africa ma luna o nā pono like. ʻO kēia mau hoʻomohala koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana, e hele mai ana ma hope o Kina i hana a loaʻa iā $ 60 biliona ma ka hopena o 2015 i kuhikuhi ʻia i ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana o ka ʻāina. Ua hoʻonui nui ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ke kālepa ma waena o ka People's Republic of Kina a me ʻApelika ma kahi o $200 biliona ma 2014. Ma waho aʻe o ka $60 biliona i loaʻa ma lalo o ka Forum for China-Africa Cooperation Summit ma South Africa i Dekemaba 2015, ua ninini ʻia nā piliona kālā. i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻoihana ma nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe o ʻApelika.
He kī kēia kākoʻo e hoʻololi i ka helehelena o ʻApelika ma ke ʻano o ke kālepa. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, pili ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ʻApelika i nā mea he nui e kamaʻilio ʻia, a ʻo kekahi o lākou ʻo ka pilina pili e pili ana i ka hoʻopili ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana halihali ʻāina, nā ʻoihana kamaʻilio a me ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā kulekele i loko e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ke kālepa a me ka hoʻopukapuka kālā ma loko o ʻApelika a ma waho.
ʻO ka mea hoʻomāinoino, ʻo ka nui o ka ʻāina a me ka ʻokoʻa o kona ʻāina, ke hōʻike nei i nā manawa kūpono a me nā pilikia. Ma ke ʻano o ka nui, pili ʻole ka ʻāina ma ke ʻano o ke alanui, ke kaʻaahi, ka ea a me ke kai - ʻo ia kekahi o kāna mea pale nui i kona hoʻomohala ʻana, hoʻololi ʻana, a me ka hana hou.
Ma kahi pālākiō, ua paʻa ka ʻāina i ka ʻāina me nā ʻāina he nui i ʻoki ʻia mai nā awa a me nā awa moana, a ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka neʻe ʻana i nā waiwai mai kekahi ʻāina a i kekahi ʻē aʻe ke kaumaha i ke kālepa intra-continental i manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi liʻiliʻi 15% i loko. ʻApelika (African Development Bank, 2017).
Ma nā ʻōlelo maʻamau, hoʻomanawanui nā kamaʻāina ʻApelika a me nā mea kūʻai aku i ka pilikia o kēia mau pilikia kālepa a me ke kālepa, i hui pū ʻia me ke kālepa a me nā kulekele dissonance e hoʻopaʻa hou aʻe i ka launa pū ʻana ma waena a ma waena o nā ʻāina - akā hoʻomaikaʻi i ka Kigali African Union Summit 2018 kahi i komo ai nā poʻo o ka mokuʻāina o ʻAmelika. i ko Aferika Wahi Kalepa Kūʻokoʻa Continental (CFTA), an 'aelike i hoʻolei ʻia ma ke ʻano like me ka European Union, i manaʻo ʻia e wehe i ke ala no kahi mākeke liberalized no nā waiwai a me nā lawelawe ma ka ʻāina. He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻo Zimbabwe ma lalo o ka Pelekikena o Cde Emmerson Mnangagwa, ua kau inoa i ka CFTA. Ma ka ʻāpana ʻāina, ke hana nei ke aupuni ma o ke kākoʻo ʻana o nā hui Kina i ke kūkulu ʻana i ke alanui a me nā ʻenehana ikehu e hele lōʻihi i ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka ʻoihana, kālepa, a me ke kālepa.
He mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ke kumukūʻai o ka hana ʻoihana e hoʻoulu ʻia e nā kumu he nui i waena o nā mea ʻē aʻe e pili ana i nā kumukūʻai, nā palena palena, lohi i ka neʻe ʻana o nā waiwai a me ka palaho. Eia naʻe, ʻo ka paʻakikī nui loa inā ʻaʻohe ʻōnaehana kaʻa ma ke ʻano o ke kaʻaahi, ke alanui, a me ka ea, e paʻakikī ana ka ukana i ka neʻe ʻana mai kahi ʻāina a i kekahi i kahi kūlana i hilinaʻi nui ʻia ko mākou ʻoihana. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki i nā huahana ke hōʻea i nā wahi i ka manawa, e waiho wale i nā mea palaho i ka palaho ma ke ala ma muli o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā alanui a me nā ʻōnaehana kaʻaahi, kahi e hoʻonui ai i nā kumukūʻai o ka ʻoihana ma ʻApelika a kauo i ka hana.
He mea ʻoiaʻiʻo ʻo ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana o Kina i ka ʻoihana ʻApelika ma o ka Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) koʻikoʻi o Beijing, e kōkua i ka hana ʻana i nā loulou sub-regional i hoʻonui ʻia. Hōʻike maopopo ʻia ʻo Kina pōkole ʻo ke kūkulu ʻana i ke alaloa Hikina-West Africa ke kī nui e hiki ai i nā ʻoihana ʻenehana ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o kahi loulou Hikina-West maoli i ka wā lōʻihi.
I ka wā pōkole a hiki i ka waena waena, ʻo ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā ʻoihana alanui e hoʻonohonoho maoli a paʻa i nā loulou halihali Hikina-West ma ke ʻano he ikaika nui e lilo i panacea i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kālepa a me ke kālepa ma ʻApelika.
Manaʻo ʻia ʻo ka loulou Hikina-West i manaʻo ʻia ma ke ʻano o Trans-Africa Highway 5 e hōʻike ʻia i loko o nā ʻōnaehana pūnaewele hilinaʻi no ke kālepa no kahi pilina continental holoʻokoʻa no kahi koridor iwi kuamoʻo transcontinental African ikaika e hoʻololi paha i nā pilina kalepa ma loko o ʻApelika. .
Ua ʻōlelo ʻia ua hoʻopuka mua ʻia ka ʻeiwa ala nui e ka United Nations Economic Commission for Africa i ka makahiki 1971 a i kēia manawa e hana ʻia e ka hui i hui pū ʻia me ka African Union, ka African Development Bank a me nā mea kuleana o waho. Hoʻopili ke ala nui iā Dakar, ma Senegal, i ke kapikala Chadian o N'djamena, ma kahi o 4,500 mau kilomita. E holo ana ia ma nā ʻāina ʻehiku, Senegal, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, Nigeria, Cameroon, a me Chad.
Ma ʻApelika Hema, ke komo nei nā ʻāina pākahi i ke kālā no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mokulele i ka hihia o Zimbabwe, ʻo ke kahua mokulele ʻo Victoria Falls International i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i $150 miliona kālā hōʻaiʻē mai Kina, he kumu hoʻohālike maikaʻi. Ke kākoʻo pū nei ʻo Kina i ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana a me ka hoʻonui ʻana o Robert Gabriel Mugabe International Airport, a ma Zambia, ua kokoke e hoʻopau ʻia ka Kenneth Kaunda International Airport. Ua hoʻolako ʻia ke kākoʻo hou aʻe i nā papahana ikehu, a e hōʻailona kēia i kahi loli nui i ka hoʻomohala ʻana ma waena o nā ʻāina ʻApelika.
ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ʻApelika, a hele mai kona hoʻololi ʻana me nā ʻālana i hana ʻia e hōʻoia i ka ʻike ʻana o nā hoʻopukapuka kālā o Kina i ka mālamalama o ka lā. Ua mahalo ʻia ke kākoʻo ʻana o Sino-Africa ma muli o ka mahalo a me ka launa pū ʻana, kūʻē i ka manaʻo e kū nei ʻo ʻApelika i kahi hoʻoweliweli ʻē aʻe o ka noho aupuni ʻana o Sino. He kipi kēlā. Ke hele nei i ka wā e hiki mai ana, kū ka waiwai o ʻApelika i ka pōmaikaʻi ma ke ʻano o ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka hoʻokūkū hoʻokele waiwai a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā helu kālepa i loko o ʻApelika a ma waho.
No ka mea kākau:
ʻO Kauka Darlington Muzeza
ʻO Kauka Muzeza kekahi lālā o ka mea i hoʻokumu hou ʻia Papa Hoʻokipa ʻApelika
He aha e lawe ʻia mai kēia ʻatikala:
- In general terms, African citizens and consumers endure the brunt of these trade and commerce difficulties, coupled with trade and policy dissonance that also further limit cooperation between and among countries – but thanks to the 2018 Kigali African Union Summit at which African Heads of State acceded to the African Continental Free Trade Area (CFTA), an agreement cast in the same way as the European Union, aimed at paving the way for a liberalized market for goods and services across the continent.
- Ma kahi pālākiō, ua paʻa ka ʻāina i ka ʻāina me nā ʻāina he nui i ʻoki ʻia mai nā awa a me nā awa moana, a ʻo ka paʻakikī o ka neʻe ʻana i nā waiwai mai kekahi ʻāina a i kekahi ʻē aʻe ke kaumaha i ke kālepa intra-continental i manaʻo ʻia aia ma kahi liʻiliʻi 15% i loko. ʻApelika (African Development Bank, 2017).
- I ka wā pōkole a hiki i ka waena waena, ʻo ka hoʻopukapuka ʻana i nā ʻoihana alanui e hoʻonohonoho maoli a paʻa i nā loulou halihali Hikina-West ma ke ʻano he ikaika nui e lilo i panacea i ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ke kālepa a me ke kālepa ma ʻApelika.
