Kahi wela aʻe. . . Libia?

CYRENE, Libya - Mai nā mile he mau mile o ke kahakai kai Mediterranean, a hiki i ke kahakai o nā one one a me nā wahi neoneo e kūʻē iā Helene a me ʻItalia, he nui nā mea a Libia e hāʻawi aku ai i nā huakaʻi e ʻimi nei i kahi huakaʻi helehelena. noho.

Ua mālama nā kapu ʻo UN i ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi mai ke kipa ʻana i kēia ʻāina ʻo ʻApelika ʻAkau no nā makahiki he ʻumi a keu. I kēia manawa ka mokuʻāina pariah ma mua i kaulana loa no kāna alakaʻi eccentric, ʻo Moammar Gadhafi, ke hāmama nei i ka wehe ʻana i kona mau puka i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai e hoʻolei i kona kūlana kolohe.

Ke hana nei kahi kahua mokulele hou no ke kapikala ʻo Tripoli. Ke kūʻai nei ka mokulele mokulele, ʻo Afriqiyah Airways, i nā mokulele Airbus hou, a ua hoʻolaha aku kekahi o kā Ghafi mau keikikāne i kahi hoʻolālā hōʻeuʻeu e hoʻolauna i ka mākaʻikaʻi kaiāulu ma nā kuahiwi i piha ʻia i nā pine a me ka ʻoliva i piha i ka ʻĀina Green a me ka ʻoliva i ka ʻākau hikina o Libya, e ʻōlelo ana ua hiki ka manawa ka ʻāina i hoʻomalu ʻia e ka aila e hoʻokaʻawale i kāna hoʻokele waiwai.

"ʻO Libia wale nō ka aila wale nō, akā i kēia manawa he ala ʻē aʻe kā mākou no ka wā e hiki mai ana - ka huakaʻi. A ʻo Libia he puʻupaʻa, "wahi a Ibris Saleh Abdussalam, he alakaʻi huakaʻi Libyan.

Me nā hoʻolālā a me nā hoʻohiki, eia nō naʻe, e makaʻala ka poʻe mākaʻikaʻi e ʻimi nei i kahi hoʻopihapiha. ʻO ka ʻoihana hoʻokipa a Libya aia ma hope loa ma hope o kona mau hoanoho. ʻAʻole loaʻa nā ATM a ʻaʻole hiki ke hilinaʻi ʻia, ʻo nā mea hoʻonaninani o nā hōkele he nui mai nā makahiki 1970.

A poina e pili ana i ke kīʻaha kīʻaha me ka ʻaina awakea. Pāpā ʻia ka wai ʻona ma Libia, ʻo ia hoʻi ma ka hōkele kiʻekiʻe ʻo Tripoli ma Bab Africa.

"He mana nui ko Libya. … Akā ʻo Libia aia nō ia i kona wā kamaliʻi a pono e hoʻomohala i nā pono hana a me nā pono hana, "i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Amr Abdel-Ghaffar, o ka UN World Tourism Organization ma Madrid.

I ka manawa i hoʻohiki ai ka ʻenemi o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, e hoʻomaka ana ʻo Libya i kahi huli politika a me ka hoʻokele waiwai e komo pū me ka hoʻonui ʻana i kāna ʻoihana hoʻokipa.

Hoʻomaka ka loli o ka puʻuwai i ka makahiki 2003, i ka wā i hāpai hāpai ʻole ʻia ai nā hoʻopaʻi ma hope o 11 mau makahiki i ka wā i hoʻolaha aku ai ʻo Gadhafi e hemo ana ʻo ia i kāna polokalamu mea kaua nuklea a ua kuleana ʻo ia no ka pōkā ʻana o ka mokulele ʻo Pam Am ma Lockerbie, Scotland i ka makahiki 1988.

I ka makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻoneʻe ka Moku'āina Moku'āina iā Libya mai kāna papa inoa o nā kākoʻo aupuni o ka hoʻoweliweli a wehe hou i kāna ʻelele no ka manawa mua mai 1979, i ka wā i hōʻeuʻeu ai ka poʻe kolohe a puhi i ka mīkini.

Akā nā mea kūpilikiʻi - me ka lipine ʻulaʻula o ke aupuni - noho i kēia ʻāina kahi a Gadhafi i nohoaliʻi ai me kahi lima hao no ʻekolu mau makahiki a ʻaʻole i hoʻokipa ʻia ka poʻe o waho.

ʻO ka hōʻoia he lōʻihi loa ka hele ʻana o Libya ma nā helu. Wahi a ka mākaʻikaʻi mākaʻikaʻi UN, ma lalo o ka 1 pākēneka o ka GDP o Libya i hele mai mai ka mākaʻikaʻi huakaʻi me 149,000 mau mākaʻikaʻi wale i kipa ʻia i ka 2004, ka makahiki i hala i hāʻawi ka ʻāina i nā helu helu. Hoʻohālikelike i kēlā me ʻAigupita kokoke, i hoʻokipa ma kahi o 9 miliona mau mākaʻikaʻi i ka makahiki i hala.

"Aia ʻo Libia i loko o nā haneli he nui o nā mākaʻikaʻi me nā miliona ma Morocco, Tunisia a me ʻAigupita," i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻo Rajeev Singh-Molares, he alakaʻi ma ke keʻena aʻoaʻo aʻoaʻo ʻo Cambridge, Mass. i hoʻokumu ʻia i kōkua e kākau i kahi hōʻike e pili ana i ka hoʻokele waiwai o Libya ma 2006.

ʻO ke komo ʻana i loko o Libua ka ʻaoʻao paʻakikī loa o ka huakaʻi, keu hoʻi inā ʻoe he ʻAmelika.

ʻAʻole hiki i nā mea ʻae passport US ke noi no kahi visa huakaʻi i ka US a pono e hoʻouna i kā lākou noi i kahi ʻelele Libyan ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe, e like me Kanada. Mālama nā visa i mau mahina e hana a koi pinepine i kahi leka kāhea mai kahi mea hoʻokele huakaʻi ma Libia. ʻOiai inā pau nā pepa āpau i nā mahina ma mua o ka manawa, hiki ke loli i nā lula visa me ka ʻole o ka leka hoʻomaopopo a ua "ālai ʻia nā makaʻāinana o US me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo," ua ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ka moku'āina.

ʻAʻole hoʻolaha ʻo Libya i kahi visa i kēlā me kēia mea nona ka passport i lawe i kahi peʻa e hōʻike ana i ka huakaʻi i ʻIseraʻela.

ʻO Kenneth Jackson, kahi lawelawe lawelawe mea kūʻai aku me ka US Zierer Visa Service ma US, i ʻōlelo ʻia ka hapa nui o nā ʻAmelika e noi nei no nā wisa huakaʻi Libyan ma o kāna hui e huakaʻi hele ana ma nā holoholo kai Mediterranean. ʻOiai ʻo ka hapanui e noi ana e loaʻa ka visa, koho ka poʻe ʻAmelika he nui e noho ma luna o ka moku ke pae ia ma Tripoli ma mua o ka hana ʻana me ka hassle o ka wisa.

ʻAʻole ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o nā kānāwai Visa no nā poʻe ʻEulopa, akā e like me ka poʻe ʻAmelika, koi pinepine ʻia lākou e huakaʻi ma ke ʻano he lālā o kahi hui me kahi ʻoihana i ʻae ʻia e ke aupuni.

"ʻO ka pilikia nui ka ʻoihana ʻo Libyan. … A hewahewa lākou. Ke hoʻoholo koke nei ʻaʻole lākou e ʻae i ka poʻe ʻAmelika e like me kahi moku holo moana me nā ʻAmelika ma luna o ka moku e kokoke mai nei ʻaʻole kahi ala maikaʻi e hoʻomohala i ka mākaʻikaʻi, "ʻo Tony Wheeler, he hoa hui o nā puke alakaʻi huakaʻi ʻo Lonely Planet, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma o e- leka mai ʻAukekulia. Ua hoʻopuka ʻo Lonely Planet i kāna puke mua i hoʻolaʻa wale ʻia iā Libya ma 2002 a ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi paʻi ʻelua i ka makahiki i hala.

Ke komo i loko, hoʻokipa nā Libyans, hāʻawi pinepine i nā hiʻohiʻona hoihoi a me ka "hellos" aloha i nā poʻe Komohana. A ʻo nā pūnaewele - kūlohelohe a me ka manmade - he mea kupaianaha.

Ma ke kahakai komohana ʻākau, ma kahi o 75 mile ma ka hikina o Tripoli, ʻo Leptis Magna, i waena o nā kūlanakauhale nui loa o ka Emepaea Roma a me kekahi o nā UNESCO Heritage Heritage Site ma Libya. ʻO ke kūlanakauhale limestone kahiko i mālama pono ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona o nā kia kiʻekiʻe a me nā pio, nā luakini, kahi hale keaka a me nā hale ʻauʻau.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe o ka ʻāina - ke kahakai ʻākau hikina - e noho ana ʻo Cyrene, kahi kūlanakauhale Helene kahiko i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka makahiki 631 BC Nui nā wahi neoneo me nā luakini, nā kolamu a me nā hale kiʻi ʻoniʻoni e noho ana ma nā pali e nānā pono ana i ke kapakai Kaiwaenahonua.

A laila aia ka wao akua ʻo Sahara nui, e uhi ana ma mua o 90 pākēneka o ka ʻāina. Ma waena o kāna mau hiʻohiʻona he ke kūlanakauhale ʻoasis liʻiliʻi ʻo Ghadames, kahi o nā kū kaulana loa ma nā ala kālepa Sahara kahiko. Ma ka hema loa ka pae mauna ʻo Jebel Acacus, kahi home no ka poʻe Tuareg ʻōiwi a me nā kiʻi pōhaku prehistoric e hoʻi mai ana i 12,000 mau makahiki.

ʻO Tourist Gerd Juetting, ka mea i Sepatemaba i huakaʻi i Libya me kahi ʻumikūmālua mau mea ʻē aʻe ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi hui huakaʻi Kelemania, manaʻo ʻo ia ka manawa e ʻike ai iā Libya, ʻoiai nā hassles a me ka nele o nā hanana.

"E nīnau mai ka poʻe iā mākou, 'No ke aha ʻo Libya?' "Wahi a Juetting, ke nānā aku ʻo ia i nā kiʻi kinikini kahiko o nā akua Helene ma kahi hale hōʻikeʻike liʻiliʻi ma Cyrene. "Akā ʻo ke ala wale nō e ʻike ai i nā noho Roma a me Helene mai ka wā ma mua e hiki mai ana. … Lana ko mākou manaʻo i kēia manawa hiki iā mākou ke hoʻi i ka home a haʻi i ka poʻe e pili ana i kēia. "

Ināʻoe e hele

Libia

E hele: No nā wahi neoneo kahiko a me nā wahi wao nahele i kahi mākaʻikaʻi kahi palena ʻole i nā ʻAmelika

Ke kiʻi ʻana i laila: He mau mokulele ʻē aʻe, e like me British Airways, Lufthansa, Alitalia a me KLM, lele i Tripoli mai ko lākou kūlanakauhale nui ma ʻEulopa.

Nā Pūnaewele Hoʻoilina o UNESCO: http://whc.unesco.org/en/statesparties/ly

ʻO nā wisa: pono nā ʻAmelika e noi i nā wisa ma o nā ʻelele Libyan ma waho o ka US. He mau mahina ko ka wisa e hana ai a koi pinepine i kahi leka kāhea mai kahi mea hoʻokele huakaʻi i Libya. ʻAʻole hoʻolaha ʻo Libya i kahi visa i kekahi mea nona ka passport i lawe i kahi peʻa e hōʻike ana i ka huakaʻi i ʻIseraʻela.

Puke Alakaʻi: ʻO Lonely Planet's "Libya" na Anthony Ham (Iulai 2007, $ 25.99); www.alohi-planet.com/worldguide/destination/africa/libya.

ʻOi aku ka ʻike: Pono e ʻike ma Libya, e like me kā Lonely Planet's Ham:

ʻO nā wahi neoneo Roma o Leptis Magna, komohana komohana o Libya: ua kapa aku ʻo Ham i kēia mau wahi lūlū i mālama pono ʻia "kahi kūlanakauhale Roma maikaʻi a maikaʻi loa hoʻi ma ka hema o ke Kaiwaenahonua."

Ke kūlanakauhale Helene kahiko o Cyrene, ma ka ʻākau hikina o Libya: nui nā wāwahi i hala ma mua o 2,500 mau makahiki i ka Green Mountains, he nui ma nā pali e nānā pono ana i ke Kai Kaiwaenahonua.

Ke kūlanakauhale Desert Sahara o Ghadames, komohana Libya: ua kāhea ʻo Ham i kēia ʻo ke "kūlanakauhale nui loa a nui hoʻi i waiho ʻia ma Sahara" no ka labyrinth o nā ala uhi a me ka hoʻolālā kuʻuna.

ʻO ka Sahara Desert's Ubari Lakes, ma ke komohana komohana o Libya: nā moana wai i uhi ʻia i loko o nā puʻu o ka wao nahele ma kahi kai one e like me ka nui o Kuikilana.

Jebel Acacus, komohana hema o Libia: kahi pae mauna e hōʻike ana i nā kiʻi pōhaku prehistoric a me nā kiʻi kālai.

ʻO ke kapikala Libyan o Tripoli: wehewehe ʻo Ham i ke kūlanakauhale o 1.7 miliona ma ke ʻano he hoʻokahi ʻo "nā kūlanakauhale ʻoluʻolu loa o ʻApelika ʻĀkau, me kahi hale hōʻikeʻike o ka honua, medina kupaianaha a me ka ea cosmopolitan."

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