ʻO ka mea hoʻokele hoʻokele waiwai nui o ka honua, ʻo Carnival Corporation, i hoʻoili ʻia hou haumia ma ke ʻano o ka manawa he 10 mau manawa hou aku o ka sulfur oxide (SOX) a puni nā kahakai ʻEulopa ma mua o nā kaʻa a pau o 260 miliona mau Europa ma 2017. Ua like kēia me kahi anamanaʻo hou e ka hui halihali paʻa, Ka halihali &? Aneie.
Wahi a ka hōʻike e hōʻike ana ʻo Royal Caribbean Cruises, ka hui holoholo nui lua o ka honua i hoʻopuka i nā manawa he 4 ma mua o ka nui o nā ʻauwaʻa kaʻa ʻEulopa i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻohālikelike.
Kūkulu nā mea hoʻokuʻu SOX i nā aerosol sulphate (SO4) e hoʻonui ai i nā pilikia olakino kanaka a hāʻawi i ka acidification i nā wahi kai a me nā wai.
I nā ʻōlelo kūpaʻa, ʻo Sepania, ʻItalia a me Helene, a ukali pono ʻia e Palani a me Norewai, ʻo ia nā ʻāina ʻEulopa i hōʻike nui ʻia i ka haumia ea SOX mai nā moku holoholo ʻoiai ʻo Barcelona, Palma de Mallorca a me Venice nā kūlanakauhale awa nui o ʻEulopa i ukali ʻia, ukali ʻia e Civitavecchia ( Roma) a me Southampton.
Ua hōʻike ākea ʻia kēia mau ʻāina no ka mea he wahi mākaʻikaʻi nui lākou, akā no ka mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kā lākou mau kumu kūʻai wahie sulfur moana e hiki ai i nā moku holoholo ke puhi i ka wahie sulphurous momona a maikaʻi loa ma nā kahakai.
ʻO Faig Abbasov, ka luna hoʻokele hoʻokele ma T&E, i ʻōlelo: "ʻO nā moku holoholo mokuahi nā kūlanakauhale lana e kekahi o nā wahie lepo maʻemaʻe loa i hiki. Ke pāpā pololei nei nā kūlanakauhale i nā kaʻa diesel haumia akā ke hāʻawi nei lākou i kahi kaʻawale i nā ʻoihana holoholo nāna e hoʻopuehu i nā mea ʻawaʻawa i hiki ʻole ke hōʻeha ʻia i ka poʻe o ka moku a me nā kahakai kokoke. ʻAʻole ʻae ʻia kēia.
NoX nā hoʻokuʻu mai nā moku holoholo i ʻEulopa i ka hopena o kekahi mau kūlanakauhale, e like paha me 15% o nā nitrogen oxides (NOX) i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa o ʻEulopa i hoʻokahi makahiki, ua loaʻa ka hōʻike. Ma Marseille, ma kahi laʻana, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia he 57 mau moku holokaʻi ma 2017 ma kahi o NOX e like me ka hapahā o nā kaʻa ohua he 340,000 o ke kūlanakauhale. Ma nā kahakai o nā ʻāina e like me Nolewai, Denmark, Greece, Croatia a me Malta kahi lima o nā moku holoholo kuleana no ka nui o NOX ma mua o ka hapanui o kā lākou moku kaʻa kaʻa kūloko.
Pono ʻo ʻEulopa e hoʻokō i kahi kūlana awa kūmole ʻole i ka wā hiki, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia i nā ʻano moku ʻē aʻe. Paipai pū ka hōʻike i ka hoʻonui ʻana i nā wahi kaohi hoʻomake (ECA), i kēia manawa ma kahi wale nō o ka Akau a me Baltic Seas a me English Channel, i ke koena o nā kai ʻEulopa. Eia kekahi, hōʻike ka hōʻike i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana o NOX mai nā moku e kū nei, i kūʻē ʻia i kēia manawa mai nā kūlana NOx e noi ana i nā wahi hoʻomalu emission.
Ua hoʻopau ʻo Faig Abbasov: "Ua lawa nā ʻenehana makua e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i nā moku holoholo. Hiki i ka uila uila ke kōkua i ka ʻoki ʻana i nā puka o ke awa, ʻo nā pākana kahi hopena no ka mamao pōkole a hiki i ka ʻenehana hydrogen ke hana i nā moku holo moana nui loa. ʻAʻole makemake ka ʻoihana hoʻokele e hoʻololi i ka makemake, no laila pono mākou i nā aupuni e neʻe a kauoha i nā kūlana emission. "
